Contents

Preface to the 1st edition ix

Preface xi

Acknowledgements xiii

Disclaimer xiv

Guide to use xv

VOLUME 1

Contributors to Volume 1 xvii

Table of contents xxi

Subject Classification Index xxxiii

A

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) John F Wacker, Gregory C Eiden, Scott A Lehn,David W Koppenaal 1

Analytical Methodology Standards for Metabolomics Julian L Griffin, Denis V Rubtsov 4

Applications of Circular Dichroism Giuliano Siligardi, Rohanah Hussain 9

Applications of Single Photon Imaging Anna Celler 15

Art Works Studied Using IR and Raman Spectroscopy Howell G M Edwards 23

Atmospheric Pressure Ionization in Mass Spectrometry WMA Niessen 39

Atomic Absorption, Methods and Instrumentation Steve J Hill, Andy S Fisher 46

Atomic Absorption, Theory Albert Kh Gilmutdinov 54

Atomic Emission and Fluorescence Theory James A Holcombe, Paul B Farnsworth 63

Atomic Emission, Methods and Instrumentation Sandra L Bonchin, Grace K Zoorob,Joseph A Caruso 70

Atomic Fluorescence, Methods and Instrumentation Steve J Hill, Andy S Fisher 78

Atomic Spectroscopy, Forensic Science Applications Douglas C Duckworth 84

Atomic Spectroscopy, Historical Perspective CL Chakrabarti 91

ATR and Reflectance IR Spectroscopy, Applications UP Fringeli 94

B

Biochemical Applications of Fluorescence Spectroscopy Jason B Shear 111

Biochemical Applications of Raman Spectroscopy Peter Hildebrandt, Sophie Lecomte 118

Biofluids Studied by NMR Spectroscopy John C Lindon 128

Biological Applications of IR Arthur MA Pistorius, Willem J DeGrip 142

xxi

Biomacromolecular Applications of Circular Dichroism and ORD Norma J Greenfield 153

Biomacromolecular Applications of UV-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy Alison Rodger,Karen Sanders 166

Biomedical Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy Andrew Taylor 174

Biometallics/Metallomics Techniques and Applications David W Koppenaal 183

Biomolecular X-Ray Crystallography, Structure Determination Methods Miroslav Z Papiz,Graeme Winter 185

C

Calibration and Reference Systems (Regulatory Authorities) Christopher Burgess 195

Carbohydrates Studied by NMR Charles T Weller 204

Cells Studied by NMR Fatima Cruz, Sebastian Cerdan 212

Chemical Applications of EPR Christopher C Rowlands, Damien M Murphy 221

Chemical Exchange Effects in NMR Alex D Bain 229

Chemical Ionization in Mass Spectrometry Alex G Harrison 238

Chemical Reactions Studied by Electronic Spectroscopy Salman R Salman 246

Chemical Shift and Relaxation Reagents in NMR Silvio Aime, Mauro Botta, Mauro Fasano,Enzo Terreno 253

Chiroptical Spectroscopy, Emission Theory James P Riehl 262

Chiroptical Spectroscopy, General Theory Hans-Georg Kuball, Tatiana Hofer, Stefan Kiesewalter 268

Chiroptical Spectroscopy, Oriented Molecules and Anisotropic Systems Hans-Georg Kuball,Tatiana Hofer 284

Chromatography-IR, Applications George Jalsovszky 298

Chromatography-IR, Methods and Instrumentation Robert L White 304

Chromatography-MS, Methods WWA Niessen 309

CIDNP Applications Tatyana V Leshina, Alexander I Kruppa, Marc B Taraban 317

Circular Dichroism Spectrometers George E Tranter 325

Circularly Polarized Luminescence and Fluorescence Detected Circular DichroismChristine L Maupin, James P Riehl 337

Cluster Ions Measured Using Mass Spectrometry O Echt, TD Mark 345

13C NMR, Methods Cecil Dybowski, Alicia Glatfelter, HN Cheng 355

13C NMR, Parameter Survey R Duncan Farrant, John C Lindon 365

Colorimetry, Methods Arthur D Broadbent 372

Colorimetry, Theory Alison Gilchrist, Jim Nobbs 380

Computational Methods and Chemometrics in Near Infrared Spectroscopy Paul Geladi,Eigil Dabakk 386

Computer Methods in Mass Spectrometry for Chemical Structure Assignment Kurt Varmuza 392

Contrast Mechanisms in MRI IR Young 404

Cosmochemical Applications Using Mass Spectrometry JR De Laeter 414

xxii Contents

D

Diffusion Studied Using NMR Spectroscopy Peter Stilbs 423

Drug Metabolism Studied Using NMR Spectroscopy Myriam Malet-Martino,Robert Martino 429

Dyes and Indicators, Applications of UV-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy Volker Buss,Lutz Eggers 442

E

Electromagnetic Radiation David L Andrews 451

Electron Diffraction Applications Magdolna Hargittai, Istvan Hargittai 456

Electron Diffraction Theory and Methods Istvan Hargittai, Magdolna Hargittai 461

Electronic Components, Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy John C Lindon 466

Electrospray Ionization in Mass Spectrometry Keqi Tang, Jason S Page, Ryan T Kelly,Ioan Marginean 467

Ellipsometry GE Jellison Jr 475

Enantiomeric Purity Studied Using NMR Thomas J Wenzel 484

Environmental and Agricultural Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy Michael Thompson,Michael H Ramsey 494

Environmental Applications of Electronic Spectroscopy John W Farley, William C Brumley,DeLyle Eastwood 502

EPR Imaging LH Sutcliffe 510

EPR, Methods Richard Cammack 518

EPR Spectroscopy, Theory Christopher C Rowlands, Damien M Murphy 531

Exciton Coupling Nina Berova, Nobuyuki Harada, Koji Nakanishi 542

F

Far Infrared Spectroscopy Applications James R Durig 559

Fast Atom Bombardment Ionization in Mass Spectrometry Magda Claeys, Jan Claereboudt 566

Fibre Optic Probes in Optical Spectroscopy, Clinical Applications Urs Utzinger,Rebecca R Richards-Kortum 573

Fibres and Films Studied Using X-Ray Diffraction Watson Fuller, Arumugam Mahendrasingam 589

Field Ionization Kinetics in Mass Spectrometry Nico MM Nibbering 599

Flame and Temperature Measurement Using Vibrational Spectroscopy Kevin L McNesby 608

Fluorescence Microscopy, Applications Fred Rost 619

Fluorescence Polarization and Anisotropy GE Tranter 625

Fluorescence Theory Karen G Fleming 628

Fluorescent Molecular Probes F Braut-Boucher, M Aubery 635

19F NMR, Applications, Solution State Claudio Pettinari, Giovanni Rafaiani 645

Food and Dairy Products, Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy NJ Miller-Ihli, SA Baker 654

Contents xxiii

Food and Nutritional Science, Applications of Magnetic Resonance John P M van Duynhoven 663

Food Properties, Applications of NMR Brian Hills 671

Food Science, Applications of Mass Spectrometry John P G Wilkins 680

Forensic Science, Applications of IR Spectroscopy Nuria Ferrer 681

Forensic Science, Applications of Mass Spectrometry Rodger L Foltz, David M Andrenyak,Dennis J Crouch 693

Forestry and Wood Products, Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy Cathy Hayes 699

Fourier Transformation and Sampling Theory Raul Curbelo 709

Fourier-Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) Errol W Robinson 714

Fragmentation in Mass Spectrometry Hans-Friedrich Grutzmacher 720

FT-Raman Spectroscopy, Applications RH Brody, EA Carter, HGM Edwards, AM Pollard 732

Functional MRI (fMRI) Scott A Huettel 741

G

Gas Phase Applications of NMR Spectroscopy Nancy S True 749

Geology and Mineralogy Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy Michael E Ketterer 757

Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry C Derrick Quarles Jr, Joaudimir Castro, R Kenneth Marcus 762

H

Halogen NMR Spectroscopy (Excluding 19F) Frank G Riddell 771

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (As, Sb, Bi) Claudio Pettinari, Fabio Marchetti,Giovanni Rafaiani 779

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) Janusz Lewinski 785

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (Ge, Sn, Pb) Claudio Pettinari 798

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (La–Hg) Trevor G Appleton 812

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (O, S, Se, Te) Ioannis P Gerothanassis 816

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (Sc–Zn) Dieter Rehder 824

Heteronuclear NMR Applications (Y–Cd) Erkki Kolehmainen 834

High Energy Ion Beam Analysis Geoff W Grime 844

High Pressure Studies Using NMR Spectroscopy Jiri Jonas 854

High Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy, Applications Horst Conrad,Martin E Kordesch 865

High Resolution Gas Phase IR Spectroscopy Applications E Cane, A Trombetti 877

High Resolution Gas Phase IR Spectroscopy Instrumentation Jyrki K Kauppinen,Jari O Partanen 884

High Resolution Solid State NMR, 13C Etsuko Katoh, Isao Ando 894

High Resolution Solid State NMR, 1H, 19F Anne S Ulrich 905

High Temperature Chemistry Applications of Mass Spectrometry Lev N Sidorov 917

xxiv Contents

1H MAS NMR Spectroscopy of Tissues Julian L Griffin, Reza M Salek 925

Hole-Burning Spectroscopy Jean Pierre Schermann 931

Hole-Burning Spectroscopy Methods Josef Friedrich 936

HPLC–NMR, Pharmaceutical Applications JP Shockcor 946

Hydrogen Bonding and Other Physicochemical Interactions Studied by IR and Raman SpectroscopyAS Gilbert 957

Hyperpolarization Methods and Applications in NMR Walter Kockenberger, Jorg Matysik 963

Hyperpolarized Gases in NMR, Methods and Applications Martin H Deppe, Jim M Wild 971

Hyphenated NMR, Methods and Applications Jerzy W Jaroszewski 979

Hyphenated Techniques, Applications of in Mass Spectrometry WMA Niessen 984

VOLUME 2

Contributors to Volume 2 v

Table of Contents ix

I

ICPMS Applications Isaac (Joe) Brenner 991

Induced Circular Dichroism Kymberley Vickery, Bengt Norden 999

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Methods Diane Beauchemin 1005

Industrial Applications of IR and Raman Spectroscopy AS Gilbert, RW Lancaster 1011

Inelastic Neutron Scattering, Applications Stewart F Parker 1024

Inelastic Neutron Scattering, Instrumentation Stewart F Parker 1035

Inorganic Chemistry Applications of UV-Visible Absorption and Circular DichroismSpectroscopy George E Tranter 1045

Inorganic Compounds and Minerals Studied Using X-Ray Diffraction Gilberto Artioli 1048

Inorganic Condensed Matter, Applications of Luminescence Spectroscopy Keith Holliday 1057

Interstellar Molecules, Spectroscopy of AGGM Tielens 1067

In Vivo 1H MRS Applications Anke Henning 1077

In Vivo 1H MRS Methods Anke Henning 1085

In Vivo NMR, Applications, Other Nuclei Jimmy D Bell, E Louise Thomas, K Kumar Changani 1099

In Vivo NMR Methods, Overview of Techniques Norbert Schuff 1107

In Vivo NMR, Applications, 31P Ruth M Dixon, Peter Styles 1112

Ion Collision, Theory Anil K Shukla, Jean H Futrell 1118

Ion Dissociation Kinetics in Mass Spectrometry Bernard Leyh 1127

Ion Energetics in Mass Spectrometry John Holmes 1135

Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) Alexandre A Shvartsburg 1140

Ion Molecule Reactions in Mass Spectrometry Diethard K Bohme 1149

Contents xxv

Ion Structures in Mass Spectrometry Peter C Burgers, Johan K Terlouw 1155

Ion Trap Mass Spectrometers Raymond E March 1165

IR and Raman Spectroscopy of Inorganic, Coordination and Organometallic CompoundsClaudio Pettinari, Carlo Santini 1174

IR Spectral Group Frequencies of Organic Compounds AS Gilbert 1187

IR Spectrometers Richard A Spragg, 1199

IR Spectroscopy Sample Preparation Methods RA Spragg 1210

IR Spectroscopy, Theory Derek Steele 1218

Isotope Ratio Studies Using Mass Spectrometry Michael E Wieser, Willi A Brand 1224

Isotopic Labelling in Mass Spectrometry Thomas Hellman Morton 1237

L

Labelling Studies in Biochemistry Using NMR Timothy R Fennell, Susan CJ Sumner 1247

Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) Antony J Williams 1255

Laser Ablation ICP-MS Joachim Koch, Detlef Gunther 1262

Laser Applications in Electronic Spectroscopy Wolfgang Demtroder 1270

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Diane M Wong, Alexander A Bol’shakov,Richard E Russo 1281

Laser Induced Optoacoustic Spectroscopy Thomas Gensch, Cristiano Viappiani,Silvia E Braslavsky 1288

Laser Magnetic Resonance AI Chichinin 1297

Laser Microprobe Mass Spectrometers Luc Van Vaeck, Freddy Adams 1305

Laser Spectroscopy Theory David L Andrews 1317

Ligand–Protein Binding and Screening Using NMR spectroscopy Bridget A Becker 1322

Light Sources and Optics R Magnusson 1330

Linear Dichroism, Applications Erik W Thulstrup, Jacek Waluk, Jens Spanget-Larsen 1340

Linear Dichroism, Instrumentation Erik W Thulstrup, Jens Spanget-Larsen, Jacek Waluk 1346

Liquid Crystals and Liquid Crystal Solutions Studied by NMR Lucia Calucci,Carlo Alberto Veracini 1349

Low Field NMR Methods and Applications Craig Eccles 1357

Luminescence, Theory Mohammad A Omary, Howard H Patterson 1372

M

Macromolecule–Ligand Interactions Studied by NMR J Feeney 1393

Magnetic Circular Dichroism, Theory Laura A Andersson 1400

Magnetic Field Gradients in High Resolution NMR Ralph E Hurd 1407

Magnetic Force Microscopy Leon Abelmann 1415

Magnetic Particle Imaging Kevin R Minard 1426

xxvi Contents

Magnetic Resonance, Historical Perspective JW Emsley, J Feeney 1435

MALDI Techniques in Mass Spectrometry Imaging Ron MA Heeren 1443

Mass Spectrometry, Historical Perspective Allan Maccoll 1452

Mass Spectrometry, Ionization Theory C Lifshitz, TD Mark 1459

Materials Science Applications of X-Ray Diffraction Ake Kvick 1470

Matrix Isolation Studies by IR and Raman Spectroscopies Lester Andrews 1479

Medical Applications of Mass Spectrometry Orval A Mamer 1484

Medical Science Applications of IR Michael Jackson, Henry H Mantsch 1494

Membranes Studied by NMR Spectroscopy A Watts, SJ Opella 1503

Metabonomics in Food Science Ana M Gil 1513

Metastable Ions John L Holmes 1521

Microwave and Radiowave Spectroscopy, Applications G Wlodarczak 1527

Microwave Spectrometers Marlin D Harmony 1537

Modern Atmospheric Pressure Surface Sampling/Ionization Techniques in Mass SpectrometrySofie P Pasilis, Gary J Van Berkel 1544

Molecular Reaction Dynamics Using Ion Imaging and Mass Spectrometry Albert JR Heck 1556

Mossbauer Spectrometers Guennadi N Belozerski 1564

Mossbauer Spectroscopy, Applications Guennadi N Belozerski 1573

Mossbauer Spectroscopy, Theory Guennadi N Belozerski 1584

MRI Applications, Biological David G Reid, Paul D Hockings, Paul GM Mullins 1593

MRI Applications, Clinical Martin O Leach 1604

MRI Applications, Clinical Flow Studies Y Berthezene 1615

MRI Instrumentation Paul D Hockings, John F Hare, David G Reid 1622

MRI of Oil/Water in Rocks Genevieve Guillot 1630

MRI Theory Ian R Young 1638

MRI Using Stray Fields Edward W Randall 1646

MR Microscopy Walter Kockenberger, Josef Granwehr 1654

MS Based Metabonomics Elizabeth J Want, Thomas O Metz 1663

MS–MS and MSn WMA Niessen 1675

Multiphoton Excitation in Mass Spectrometry Ulrich Boesl 1682

Multiphoton Spectroscopy, Applications Michael NR Ashfold, Colin M Western 1695

Multivariate Statistical Methods RL Somorjai 1704

Muon Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Applications Ivan D Reid, Emil Roduner 1710

N

n-Dimensional NMR Methods Peter L Rinaldi, Masud Monwar 1721

Near-IR Spectrometers R Anthony Shaw, Henry H Mantsch 1738

Contents xxvii

Negative Ion Mass Spectrometry, Methods Suresh Dua, John H Bowie 1748

Neutralization–Reionization in Mass Spectrometry Chrys Wesdemiotis 1756

Neutron Diffraction, Instrumentation AC Hannon 1766

Neutron Diffraction, Theory Alex C Hannon 1779

Nitrogen NMR GA Webb 1790

NMR Data Processing Gareth A Morris 1800

NMR in Anisotropic Systems, Theory J W Emsley 1809

NMR Microscopy Paul T Callaghan 1815

NMR of Solids Jacek Klinowski 1826

NMR Principles PJ Hore 1833

NMR Pulse Sequences William F Reynolds 1841

NMR Relaxation Rates Ronald Y Dong 1855

NMR Relaxometers Ralf-Oliver Seitter, Rainer Kimmich 1863

NMR Spectrometers John C Lindon 1872

NMR Spectroscopy of Alkali Metal Nuclei in Solution Frank G Riddell 1881

NMR Spectroscopy of Nucleic Acids, Historical Overview John C Lindon 1890

15N NMR Applications Radek Marek 1892

Nonlinear Optical Properties Georges H Wagniere, Stanisław Wozniak 1899

Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy, Applications W Kiefer 1913

Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy, Instruments Peter C Chen 1927

Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy, Theory J Santos Gomez 1935

Nuclear Overhauser Effect Anil Kumar, R Christy Rani Grace 1946

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance, Applications Oleg Kh Poleshchuk, Jolanta N Latosinska 1956

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance, Instruments Taras N Rudakov 1966

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance, Theory Janez Seliger 1975

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides Studied Using Mass Spectrometry Tracey A Simmons,Kari B Green-Church, Patrick A Limbach 1984

Nucleic Acids Studied by NMR Spectroscopy Michael Petersen 1992

O

Optical Frequency Conversion Christos Flytzanis 2003

Optical Spectroscopy, Linear Polarization Theory Josef Michl 2013

ORD and Polarimetry Instruments Harry G Brittain 2024

Organic Applications of UV-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy Alison A Edwards, Bruce D Alexander 2030

Organic Chemistry Applications of Fluorescence Spectroscopy Stephen G Schulman, Qiao Qing Di,John Juchum 2040

Organometallics Studied Using Mass Spectrometry Dmitri V Zagorevskii 2047

xxviii Contents

Overview of Biochemical Applications of Mass Spectrometry Victor E Vandell, Patrick A Limbach 2055

Overview of NMR-Based Metabonomics John C Lindon 2058

VOLUME 3

Contributors to Volume 3 v

Table of Contents ix

P

Parameters in NMR Spectroscopy, Theory of GA Webb 2069

Particle Light Scattering Methods and Applications Jonathan Moore, Eleonora Cerasoli 2077

Peptides and Proteins Studied Using Mass Spectrometry Michael A Baldwin 2089

Perfused Organs Studied Using NMR Spectroscopy John C Docherty 2099

PET, Methods and Instrumentation TJ Spinks 2107

PET, Theory TJ Spinks 2119

Pharmaceutical Applications of Atomic Spectroscopy Nancy S Lewen, Martha M Schenkenberger 2128

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, Applications Markus W Sigrist 2137

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, Methods and Instrumentation Markus W Sigrist 2146

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, Theory Andras Miklos, Stefan Schafer, Peter Hess 2151

Photoelectron Spectrometers Laszlo Szepes, Gyorgy Tarczay 2159

Photoelectron Spectroscopy John Holmes 2167

Photoelectron–Photoion Coincidence Methods in Mass Spectrometry (PEPICO) Tomas Baer 2168

Photoionization and Photodissociation Methods in Mass Spectrometry John C Traeger 2176

Plant Science Applications of NMR RG Ratcliffe 2184

Plasma Desorption Ionization Using 252Cf in Mass Spectrometry Ronald D Macfarlane 2195

31P NMR David G Gorenstein, Bruce A Luxon 2204

Polymer Applications of IR and Raman Spectroscopy CM Snively, JL Koenig 2213

Polymer Applications of NMR Kay Saalwachter, Detlef Reichert 2221

Polymorphism Studied by Solid-state NMR Robin K Harris 2237

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Applications Ludwig G Strauss,Antonia Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss 2247

Powder X-Ray Diffraction, Applications Daniel Louer 2253

Product Operator Formalism in NMR Timothy J Norwood 2263

Proteins Studied by NMR Christina Redfield 2272

Proteomics Kim K Hixson, Daniel Lopez-Ferrer, Errol W Robinson, Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic 2280

Proton Affinities Determined Using Mass Spectrometry Edward PL Hunter, Sharon G Lias 2289

Proton Microprobe (Method and Background) Geoff W Grime 2296

Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry, Methods Jacek P Dworzanski, Henk LC Meuzelaar 2301

Contents xxix

Q

Quadrupoles, Use of in Mass Spectrometry PH Dawson, DJ Douglas 2315

Quantitative Analysis T Frost 2325

Quantitative NMR, Methods and Applications Ulrike Holzgrabe 2331

R

Radiofrequency Field Gradients in NMR, Theory Daniel Canet 2341

Raman and Infrared Microspectroscopy Pina Colarusso, Linda H Kidder, Ira W Levin,E Neil Lewis 2349

Raman Optical Activity, Applications Gunter Georg Hoffmann 2358

Raman Optical Activity, Macromolecule and Biological Molecule ApplicationsGunter Georg Hoffmann 2369

Raman Optical Activity, Small Molecule Applications Gunter Georg Hoffmann 2378

Raman Optical Activity, Spectrometers Werner Hug 2387

Raman Optical Activity, Theory Laurence A Nafie 2397

Raman Spectrometers Bernhard Schrader 2406

Rayleigh Scattering and Raman Effect, Theory David L Andrews 2413

Reflectance Methods and Applications Bruce Hapke 2420

Resonance Raman Applications Sebastian Schlucker, Sunil K Srivastava 2426

Rigid Solids Studied Using MRI David G Cory 2435

Rotational Spectroscopy, Theory Iain R McNab 2444

S

Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy and Related Techniques Debdulal Roy, Alex E Knight 2457

Scanning Probe Microscopes JG Kushmerick, PS Weiss 2464

Scanning Probe Microscopy, Applications CJ Roberts, MC Davies, SJB Tendler, PM Williams 2473

Scanning Probe Microscopy, Theory AJ Fisher 2481

Scattering and Particle Sizing Applications F Ross Hallett 2488

Scattering Theory Michael Kotlarchyk 2495

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Amy V Walker 2504

Sector Mass Spectrometers R Bateman 2511

SIFT Applications in Mass Spectrometry David Smith, Patrik Spanel 2518

Single Photon Imaging and Instrumentation Anna Celler 2531

29Si NMR Heinrich C Marsmann 2539

Small Molecule Applications of X-Ray Diffraction Andrei S Batsanov 2550

Small Molecule X-Ray Crystallography, Theory and Workflow Delphine D Le Pevelen 2559

Solid State NMR Using Quadrupolar Nuclei Alejandro C Olivieri 2577

xxx Contents

Solid State NMR, Methods JW Zwanziger, HW Spiess 2587

Solid State NMR, Rotational Resonance David L Bryce, Roderick E Wasylishen 2595

Solvent Suppression Methods in NMR Spectroscopy Maili Liu, Xi-an Mao 2604

Sonically Induced NMR Methods John Homer 2611

SPECT, Methods and Instrumentation John C Lindon 2618

Spectroelectrochemistry, Applications RJ Mortimer 2620

Spectroelectrochemistry, Methods and Instrumentation Roger J Mortimer 2633

Spectroscopic Methods in Drug Quality Control and Development Sandor Gorog,Csaba Szantay Jr 2640

Spectroscopy for Process Analytical Technology (PAT) Erik Skibsted, Søren Balling Engelsen 2651

Spectroscopy in Biotechnology Research and Development Anna E Hills 2662

Spectroscopy of Ions John P Maier 2668

Spin Trapping and Spin Labelling Studied Using EPR Spectroscopy Carmen M Arroyo 2675

Stars, Spectroscopy of AGGM Tielens 2684

Statistical Theory of Mass Spectra JC Lorquet 2689

Stereochemistry Studied Using Mass Spectrometry Asher Mandelbaum 2696

Structural Chemistry Using NMR Spectroscopy, Inorganic Molecules GE Hawkes 2708

Structural Chemistry Using NMR Spectroscopy, Organic Molecules Cynthia K McClure 2718

Structural Chemistry Using NMR Spectroscopy, Peptides Martin Huenges, Horst Kessler 2730

Structural Chemistry Using NMR Spectroscopy, Pharmaceuticals Alexandros Makriyannis,Spiro Pavlopoulos 2745

Structure Refinement (Solid State Diffraction) Dieter Schwarzenbach, Howard D Flack 2756

Surface Induced Dissociation in Mass Spectrometry, Historical Perspective SA Miller, SL Bernasek 2763

Surface Induced Dissociation and Soft Landing Techniques in Mass SpectrometryJean H Futrell, Julia Laskin 2778

Surface Plasmon Resonance, Applications Zdzislaw Salamon, Gordon Tollin 2788

Surface Plasmon Resonance, Instrumentation RPH Kooyman 2796

Surface Plasmon Resonance, Theory Zdzislaw Salamon, Gordon Tollin 2804

Surface Studies by IR Spectroscopy Norman Sheppard 2813

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), Applications WE Smith, C Rodger 2822

Symmetry in Spectroscopy, Effects of SFA Kettle 2828

T

Tensor Representations Peter Herzig, Rainer Dirl 2833

Thermospray Ionization in Mass Spectrometry WMA Niessen 2844

Time of Flight Mass Spectrometers KG Standing, W Ens 2851

Tritium NMR, Applications John R Jones 2857

Two-Dimensional NMR Peter L Rinaldi, Masud Monwar 2861

Contents xxxi

U

UV-Visible Absorption Spectrometers George Tranter 2877

UV-Visible Fluorescence Spectrometers George Tranter 2881

V

Vibrational CD, Applications Gunter Georg Hoffmann 2887

Vibrational CD Spectrometers Laurence A Nafie 2899

Vibrational CD, Theory Philip J Stephens 2910

Vibrational CD, Theory and Application to Determination of Absolute ConfigurationPhilip J Stephens, Frank J Devlin 2916

Vibrational, Rotational and Raman Spectrocopy, Historical Perspective AS Gilbert 2938

X

Xenon NMR Spectroscopy Jukka Jokisaari 2949

X-Ray Absorption Spectrometers Grant Bunker 2961

X-Ray Crystallography of Macromolecules, Theory and Methods Anthony CT North 2968

X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy, Applications George N Dolenko, Oleg Kh Poleshchuk,Jolanta N Latosinska 2976

X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy, Methods George N Dolenko, Oleg Kh Poleshchuk,Jolanta N Latosinska 2984

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometers Utz Kramar 2989

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Applications Christina Streli, P Wobrauschek, P Kregsamer 3000

X-Ray Spectroscopy, Theory Prasad A Naik 3010

X-Ray Tomography Methods and Applications Simon A Jackson, Robert A Crossley 3021

Z

Zeeman and Stark Methods in Spectroscopy, Applications Ichita Endo, Masataka Linuma 3031

Zeeman and Stark Methods in Spectroscopy, Instrumentation Ichita Endo, Masataka Linuma 3035

Zero Kinetic Energy Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Applications K Muller-Dethlefs, Mark Ford 3040

Zero Kinetic Energy Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Theory K Muller-Dethlefs, Mark Ford 3050

Appendices 3057

Subject Index 3107

xxxii Contents