ELEN 624 Signal Integrity - · PDF fileELEN 624 Signal Integrity Jin Zhao ... High Speed Digital Design and High Speed Signal Propagation: Advanced Black Magic

ELEN 624 Signal Integrity

Jin [email protected]

Department of Electrical EngineeringSanta Clara University

ELEN 624, Fall 2005 Week 01, 09/26/2005

Contents

• Introduction• Course outline and tentative lecture schedule• Some useful information

• Basic circuit component (R, C, L, M) properties review• Basic RC, RL, and RLC circuit analysis• SPICE circuit simulation• Homework

ELEN 624, Fall 2005 Week 01, 09/26/2005, Page 2

Introduction, Course Outline, Tentative Schedule

Top Signal LayerGND Plane LayerInner Signal Layer1

Inner Signal Layer2PWR Plane LayerBottom Signal Layer

PCB

Package

Chip/Die

P/G supplySignalC4 layer

Solder Ball layer

Decaps

OtherPackages and Chips Connector

Daughter Cards

System Power Supply

A system

Signal transmission system, deliver the signalPower delivery system, to make sure the device will work properlySignal transmission system, deliver the signal

Power delivery system, to make sure the device will work properlySignal transmission system, deliver the signalPower delivery system, to make sure the device will work properly

Interaction/coupling within the system, between two systems


Signal Integrity, Power Integrity

A system contains modeling, simulation, analysis and design

Modeling use EM field solver to generate engineering acceptable (circuit) model

Simulation use EM simulator or circuit simulator (SPICE) to perform simulation based on the model

Analysis interpret the simulation results, make design recommendations ordesign guidelines, rules, etc.

Design Based on analysis results, follow the guideline, to control the signal propagation properties, to meet the specification

Optimization Balance the cost the system performance


Course Objective

An introduction course

Introduce signal and power integrity fundamental principles and practice in the analysis and design of high-speed IC circuits, IC package and PCBs.

The ability of judging the simulation results

The skills of using various simulation software


Course Description

Lay the foundation of signal and power integrity

To cover various fundamental signal and power integrity issues involved in IC, package and printed circuit board environments.

Started with basic circuitsTransmission line analysisVarious interconnectionsPower integrity issuesSystem level channel simulationsSystem level timing considerationsEMI/EMC

Simulation skills

Results interpretation


Course Schedule


Course Schedule


Some Useful Information

Simulation Tools:HSPICE, Ansoft, Fastcap, Fasthenry (www.fastfieldsolvers.com)PSPICE (www.pspice.com), Berkeley SPICEwww.engr.scu.edu/mourad/cadtools.html

Reference books:• Howard Johnson and Martin Graham, High Speed Digital Design and High Speed

Signal Propagation: Advanced Black Magic• By Dally and Poulton, Digital System Engineering• Brian Young, Digital Signal Integrity• Ramo, Whinnery, Van Duzer, Field and Waves in Communication Electronics• David M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering

Si-List


Course Miscellaneous


Basic Circuit Component (R, C, L, M) Properties Review

Resistor

Ohms law V = IR

Power loss = I2R = V2/R+ V -

I

Energy loss = RdttidttpTT

)()( 2∫=∫∞−∞− i

Slope =1/R

v



Resistor (several notes)









Capacitor

+ V -

I

∫+=

=

tdi

Cvtv

dtdvCti

0;)(1)0()(

;)(

ττQ Slope =C

vQ=CV; i(t) = dq/dt

2

21)()()()( CVdttv

dtdvCdttvtidttp

TTT=∫=∫=∫

∞−∞−∞−Energy =



Capacitor (several notes)









Capacitor (several notes)Capacitance with multiconductor






Inductor

+ V -

I

∫+=

=

tdv

Liti

dtdiLtv

0;)(1)0()(

;)(

ττ

Lλ Slope =L

iψ=LI; v(t) = dψ/dt

2

21)()()()( LIdt

dtdiLtidttvtidttp

TTT=∫=∫=∫

∞−∞−∞−Energy =



Inductor (several notes)






Mutual Inductor

Loop1 Loop2

21

21121

122 ;

LLMK

MMMdtdiMV

=

===

K can be positive or negative

K negativeK positive



















Partial inductancePartial Element Equivalent Circuit


Basic RC, RL, and RLC circuit analysis



+ +- -

R

c

V0

C V

t=0

0

)1()(

0

0

0

0

RCt

c

cc

cc

eVtv

RCV

RCv

dtdv

dtdvC

RVv

−

−=

=+

=+−

V0

vc(t)


t

t=RC

vc(t) = 0.63V0

Kirchoff’s current lawused; algebraic sum ofcurrents at node = 0




+ +- -

R

vL

t=0

0

V0

RLt

L

LL

t

LL

eVtv

LRv

dtdv

dvLR

Vv

/0

0

0

)(

0

0)(1

−

=

=+

=∫+− ττ


t

t=RC

vL(t) = 0.37V0

V0

vL(t)


+

-

R

t=0

0

+ -vLV0

0

1

2

2

0

=++

=∫++

LCi

dtdi

LR

dtid

VidtCdt

diLRi + vci(t)

-

tt BeAeti 21)( αα +=where

Solution of the form

Kirchoff’s voltage lawused; algebraic sum ofvoltages around mesh = 0 LCL

RL

R 122

,2

21 −⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛±−=αα



tt BeAeti 21)( αα +=where LCL

RL

R 122

,2

21 −⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛±−=αα

012

012

012

2

2

2

<−⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛

>−⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛

=−⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛

LCLR

LCLR

LCLR

( ) teBAti α+=)( Critical damped

Over dampedTwo real roots

tt BeAeti 21)( αα +=

Under dampedTwo complex roots

tt BeAeti 21)( αα +=



Solution of the form Initial ConditionsAt t=0, i=0At t=0, Ldi/dt=V0

2

2

21

),sincos()(

⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛−=

+=−

LR

LC

wheretBtAeti LR

ω

ωω

⎥⎥⎥

⎦

⎤

⎢⎢⎢

⎣

⎡−−=

−−=

=

−−

−

tetLReV

iRdtdiLVtv

tVL

eti

LRL

R

c

LR

ωωω

ωω

cossin2

1

)(

sin)(

22

0

0

0

2

V0

vc(t)


t


An application

+

-

R

t=0

0

+ -vLV0

Chip

VRM + vci(t)

-

LCLR

LR 1

22,

2

21 −⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛±−=αα

2

2

21

),sincos()(

⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛−=

+=−

LR

LC

wheretBtAeti LR

ω

ωω


SPICE Circuit Simulation

Time

0s 5ns 10ns 15ns 20ns 25ns 30ns 35ns 40nsV(C1:2) V(V1:+)

0V

0.2V

0.4V

0.6V

0.8V

1.0V

1.2V

V1 1 0 pulse (0 1 0 1n 1n 1 1 )R1 1 2 1L1 2 3 1nC1 3 0 1n


Homework

1. Try to recall or flash your memory on the step response of RC, RL and RLC circuit, you may find you old text book, or google that on the internet. (You don’t need to hand in anything, but it is highly recommend you do this ☺ )

2. Prepare a SPICE simulator for yourself, if you already have SPICE simulator available, you may skip this ☺

3. Use SPICE to perform circuit simulation on the circuit showing in previous slide with following parameters:R L C1 Ohm 1 nH 1 nF

Try to make three cases showing the over, critically and under –damped.Also try to make the connection between the waveforms and the RLC values, such as by using the equation on page 35.

Please plot the results together

For the Step function, also, there are two cases, rising time can be 10 ps, 1ns.

Please comment on the simulation results based on:1) Signal spectrum, you may want to plot the spectrum of the two step functions2) Components value, which means the simulation model might be simplified, such as ignore the inductor

Which is only the RC circuit, and also compare the results with the RLC circuit.


Documents

ELEN 624 Signal Integrity - · PDF fileELEN 624 Signal Integrity Jin Zhao ... High Speed Digital Design and High Speed Signal Propagation: Advanced Black Magic