ELEMENTS, ISOTOPES, IONS & BONDS

MAIN IDEAS1. ATOMS VS.

ELEMENTS2. ATOMIC

VARIATIONS3. TYPES OF

CHEMICAL BONDS

Objective Identify and define

Elements, Isotopes, Ions &

Chemical Bonds on IaN pg. 25 utilizing Venn diagrams on

IaN pg. 24 to compare and

contrast them.I am not a product of my circumstances. I am a product of my decisions.

Stephen Covey

IaN pg. 25

Ions vs. Isotopes & Covalent vs Ionic

IaN pg. 24Ions

Isotopes

Covalent Bond

Ionic Bond

ELEMENTS

Pure substanceOne type of atomElements are unique because of the number of protons in the nucleus of their atoms•79 protons = gold•6 protons = carbon•17 protons = chlorine

ISOTOPES

•Isotopes are atoms of the same kind, except they have different numbers of neutrons than “normal”.

•Same protons and electrons, but different mass (amu).

ION

•An atom with a charge•Atoms can gain or lose electrons to become an ion.

CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

•Two or more elements combine in a specific proportion to form a new substance with different properties.

•Chemical & Physical Properties of elements change when the same elements are combined in a compound

Compound: meaning

“to put together”

Latin

•Molecules with regions that are more + or – (H2O)

•Known as POLARITY•Covalent compounds that share electrons unevenly

•Caused by the structure atoms within compounds

•Results in COHESION between the same molecules &/or ADHESION between different molecules.

VAN DER WAALS FORCES

ADHESIONCOHESION

•Molecules with regions that are more + or – (H2O)

•Known as POLARITY•Covalent compounds that share electrons unevenly

•Caused by the structure atoms within compounds

•Results in COHESION between the same molecules &/or ADHESION between different molecules.

VAN DER WAALS FORCES

POLARITY DEMONSTRATION

Chemical Bonds• The “glue” that holds compounds

together by electrons being shared or transferred between atoms• Form to fill VALENCE SHELL = Atomic Stability• 2 Main Types

• Ionic Bonds• Covalent Bonds

IONIC BONDS

•Atoms transfer (give and take) electrons to form ions

•Ions are atoms with a + or – charge due to a different # of electrons than “normal”

•Cations = + charge atom ( Protons > Electrons)

•Anions = - charge atom ( Protons < Electrons)

•Oppositely charged ions attract to form ionic compounds

COVALENT BONDS

•Atoms share one or more electrons = covalent bond

•Single Covalent Bond = 1 pair of shared electrons (H2)

•Double Covalent Bond = 2 pairs of shared electrons (O2)

•Triple Covalent Bond = 3 pairs of shared electrons (N3)

•O2 Double Covalent Bond = 2 pairs of electrons shared

•N3 Triple Covalent Bond = 3 pairs of electrons shared

Ions vs. Isotopes & Covalent vs Ionic

IaN pg. 24Ions

Isotopes

Covalent Bond

Ionic Bond