Elements, Compounds& Mixtures

Elements• An element is a pure substance (only 1 type of

particle) that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.

• http://www.privatehand.com/flash/elements.html

Element

Compounds• A compound is a pure substance composed of 2

or more elements that are chemically combined.

Examples of Compounds

Sodium (Na)+

Chlorine (Cl)NaCl

Hydrogen (H) + Oxygen (O)H2O

Carbon (C) + Oxygen (O)CO2

•Compounds contain elements•The elements combine + lose their original properties•Compounds CAN be separated by chemical means• The elements combine in specific ratios

Mixtures• A mixture is a combination of 2 or more

substances that are not chemically combined.

Examples of Mixtures

chicken noodle soup

pizza – yes, that would be Yoda…salad

Properties of Mixtures:•Each substance in a mixture keeps its identity•You can physically separate them

•They also contain elements, compounds, or both

•And they can be formed using any ratio of components

Mixtures may be homogeneous orheterogeneous

• The prefix “homo” indicates the same• Homogeneous mixtures have the same

appearance and properties throughout the mixture

• The prefix “hetero” indicates difference• Heterogeneous mixtures consist of visibly

different substances

Types of Mixtures

• There are THREE types of mixtures:–Solutions–Suspensions–Colloids

Solutions• A solution is a mixture that appears to be a

single substance, but it is actually composed of 2 or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other.– SOLUTIONS ARE HOMOGENEOUS

carbon dioxide is dissolved in water

sugar & Kool-Aid powder are dissolved in water

salt is dissolved in water

Suspensions• A suspension is a mixture in which particles of a

material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas, but are large enough that they settle out.– SUSPENSIONS ARE HETEROGENEOUS

That water is disgusting!

Italian dressingmuddy water

Colloids• A colloid is a mixture in which the particles are

dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out.– COLLOIDS ARE HOMOGENEOUS

milkmayonnaise

Colloids have properties of both solutions & suspensions.

Comparing Elements, Compounds & Mixtures

Elements Compounds Mixtures

What are they made up of?

Can they be broken down? If yes, how?

Do they keep or lose their original

properties?

Draw what the particles look like.

Identify the following with as many terms as apply

1. Table salt2. Salad3. Mayonnaise4. Italian dressing5. Pepsi6. Oxygen7. Hydrogen8. Water

Mixture

Element

Compound

Suspension

Colloid

Solution

Homogeneous

Heterogeneous