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ELEMENTS
• An element is…
• A pure substance• Single kind of matter that has a
specific makeup and properties• Cannot be broken down into any other
substances by physical or chemical means• It is the SIMPLEST of substances!!!
WHEN ELEMENTS COMBINE
• Atom – Basic particle from which all elements are made.• Chemical bond – force of attraction
between two atoms• Molecules – groups of two or more atoms
held together by chemical bonds.
WHEN ELEMENTS COMBINE
•Two atoms of the same type can form a molecule!
•Oxygen we breathe is •Nitrogen in the ground (and air) is
COMPOUND• Compound is a pure substance made of
two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio.• Water = • (2 Hydrogen to 1 Oxygen or 2:1)
• Carbon Dioxide = • (1 Carbon to 2 Oxygen)
• Sugar = (12 Carbon, 22 Hydrogen, 11
Oxygen) …or 12:22:11
“DIATOMIC” MOLECULES
• There are seven elements that form diatomic molecules.
•Hydrogen (H2)•Nitrogen (N2)•Oxygen (O2)• Fluorine (F2)• Chlorine (Cl2)• Iodine (I2)• Bromine (Br2)
MIXTURE
•Mixture – Made of two or more substances (elements or compounds or both) that are together in the same place but…
NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED
MIXTURES• 2 types of Mixtures•Heterogeneous & Homogeneous
•Heterogeneous = You can see the individual parts•Homogeneous = So evenly mixed you cannot see the individual parts!
MIXTURES
• I want EXAMPLES of Heterogeneous Mixtures!!!
•Now I want EXAMPLES of Homogeneous Mixtures!!!
SEPARATION ANXIETY
•How can we separate a mixture?•Manually remove•Magnetic attraction• Filtration•Distillation• Evaporation
REVIEW…
The simplest structure that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means is…
1) Mixture2) Compound3) Element4) Substance
REVIEW…
A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio is called…
1) Mixture2) Compound3) Element4) Substance
REVIEW…
This is made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but not chemically combined…
1) Mixture2) Compound3) Element4) Substance
REVIEW…
• A mixture where you can see the individual parts is called…
1) Solution2) Homogeneous Mixture3) Compound4) Heterogeneous Mixture