Elementary Study Companion - Ge · your pron /jO:/ ton, ta, tes ... NEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION © Oxford University Press

NEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION© Oxford University Press www.oup.com/elt

3

Liz and John Soars

Elementary Study Companion

for Swiss learners

2Elementary wordlistNEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION

© Oxford University Press www.oup.com/elt

WordlistUnit 1apple n /"&pl/

● pomme � mela � ApfelI eat an apple every day.

bag n /b&g/● sac, sachet � borsa, sacchetto � Tasche, TüteWould you like a bag for your shopping?

because conj /bI"kQz/● parce que � perché � weilI don’t like the sea because I can’t swim.

brother n /"brVD@/● frère � fratello � BruderI have one brother. His name is Michael.

camera n /"kamr@/● appareil photo � macchina fotografica � FotoapparatDid you bring the camera? I’d like to take a picture.

children n pl /"tSIldr@n/● enfants � bambini � KinderHow many children do you have?

cinema n /"sIn@m@/● cinéma � cinema � KinoWe’re going to the cinema tonight to see a film.

country n /"kVntri/● pays � paese � LandWhat country are you from?

day n /deI/● jour � giorno � TagWhich day would you like to meet: Wednesday or Thursday?

dictionary n /"dIkS@nri/● dictionnaire � dizionario � WörterbuchFind the words in the dictionary.

doctor n /"dQkt@/● médecin � dottore, dottoressa, medico � Arzt/ÄrztinI went to see the doctor when I hurt my leg.

evening n /"i:vnIN/● soir � sera � AbendWill you be at home this evening after work?

extension n /Ik"stenS@n/● poste � (numero di telefono) interno � (Neben)anschlussI need your extension so I can call you at work.

fine adj /faIn/● bien � bene � gut‘How’s Jack?’ ‘Oh, he’s fine.’

flat n /fl&t/● appartement � appartamento � WohnungAnna and Richard live in the flat next door.

from prep /frQm/● de, à partir de � da, di � von, ausThey come from China.

goodbye /gUd"baI/● au revoir � arrivederci � auf WiedersehenGoodbye. I’m going home.

have v /h&v/● avoir � avere � habenWe have two cats and a dog.

hello /he"l@U/● bonjour, salut � ciao, salve � halloHello, Anna. How are you?

her pron /h3:/● son, sa, ses, elle, la, l’, lui � la, lei � ihr(e)This is Maria. I work with her.

house n /haUs/● maison � casa � HausThey live in a house in the city.

international adj /%Int@"n&Sn@l/● international � internazionale � internationalIt’s an international company, with offices in many countries.

job n /dZQb/● travail, emploi � lavoro � Job, (Arbeits)stelleI begin my new job on Monday.

key n /ki:/● clé � chiave � SchlüsselThey keep the spare key above the door.

language n /"l&NgwIdZ/● langue � lingua � SpracheWhat language are they speaking?

learn v /l3:n/● apprendre � imparare (a) � lernenWhat did you learn at school today, Bobby?

letter n /"let@/● lettre � lettera � BriefSend me a letter telling me all about your holidays.

live v /lIv/● vivre, habiter � abitare, vivere � leben, wohnenI live in Oxford, in England.

magazine n /"m&g@zi:n/● magazine, revue � rivista � ZeitschriftWould you like a magazine to read?

married adj /"m&rId/● marié � sposato � verheiratetHe’s married with two children.

me pron /mi:/● me, m’, moi � mi, me, io � ich, mir, michI love him, and he loves me.

my pron /maI/● mon, ma, mes � il mio, la mia, i miei, le mie � mein(e)My car is red.

name n /neIm/● nom � nome � Name‘What is his name?’ ‘Allan.’

newspaper n /"nju:speIp@/● journal � giornale � ZeitungHe reads the newspaper every morning.

nice adj /naIs/● gentil, agréable, bon � bello, simpatico � nett, schönThe weather and the people are nice in Spain!

not bad adj infml /%nQt "b&d/● pas mal � niente male � nicht schlecht‘How was the football match?’ ‘Not bad – we won 3–2.’

orange n /"QrIndZ/● orange � arancia � Apfelsine, OrangeOranges are full of vitamin C.

postcard n /"p@UskA:d/● carte postale � cartolina � (Post)karteBianca sent me a postcard from France.

see you v infml /"si: ju:/● à bientôt � ci vediamo, arrivederci � bis baldSee you later!

sister n /"sIst@/● sœur � sorella � SchwesterDoes your sister visit often?

stamp n /st&mp/● timbre � francobollo � BriefmarkeI need a stamp for my letter.

student n /"stju:d@nt/● étudiant, étudiante � studente, studentessa � Student(in)Mary is a student at the university.

teacher n /"ti:tS@/● professeur, enseignant � insegnante � Lehrer(in)The teacher asked for our homework.



telephone number n /"tel@f@Un %nVmb@/● numéro de téléphone � numero di telefono � TelefonnummerWhat’s your telephone number? It’s 01765 346 526.

thank you /"T&Nk ju:/● merci � grazie � danke (schön)Thank you for the lovely flowers.

thanks /T&Nks/● merci � grazie � dankeThanks, Lena. What a nice present!

this /Dis/● ce, cet, cette, celui-ci, celle-ci � questo, questa � diese(r,s)This is my sister.

ticket n /"tIkIt/● billet, ticket � biglietto � (Fahr)karteThe train ticket cost £10.

want v /wQnt/● vouloir � volere � wollenI want a new stereo for my birthday.

where adv /we@/● où � dove � woWhere can I buy the newspaper on Sunday?

your pron /jO:/● ton, ta, tes, votre, vos � il tuo, la tua, i tuoi, le tue � dein(e)What’s your address?

Unit 2accountant n /@"kaUnt@nt/

● comptable � commercialista, ragioniere, ragioniera � Buchhalter(in)My father works as an accountant.

address n /@"dres/● adresse � indirizzo � AdresseEllen’s address is 28 Church Street.

age n /eIdZ/● âge � età � AlterPlease include your age on the form.

anything else n /"enITIN "els/● autre chose � nient’altro, qualcos’altro � sonst noch etwasWould you like anything else with your salad?

apartment n /@"pA:tm@nt/● appartement � appartamento � WohnungWe moved into a new apartment last June.

at home /@t "h@Um/● à la maison, chez soi � a casa � zu HauseI feel very at home here.

aunt n /A:nt/● tante � zia � TanteMy aunt visits every summer.

big adj /bIg/● grand � grande � grossThey have a big house with five bedrooms.

boyfriend n /"bOIfrend/● petit ami � ragazzo, fidanzato � FreundMark is Sarah’s boyfriend.

cake n /keIk/● gâteau � torta � Kuchen, TorteAnna-Marie made a cake for Tom’s birthday.

Can I have …? /%k&n aI "h&v/● Est-ce que je peux avoir …? � Mi dà …? Posso avere …? � Kann ich … haben?Can I have a glass of orange juice, please?

Can I help? /%k&n aI "help/● Je peux vous aider? � Desidera?, Posso aiutarla? � Kann ich(Ihnen/dir) helfen?Can I help you, sir?

cheap adj /tSi:p/● bon marché � economico, a buon mercato � billigThese shoes were very cheap – only £20.

chicken n /"tSIkIn/● poulet � pollo � HuhnDo you like chicken and chips?

chips n pl /tSIps/● frites � patate fritte � Pommes fritesChips are very popular in Britain.

chocolate n /"tSQkl@t/● chocolat � cioccolato � SchokoladeIf you like sweets, you probably like chocolate.

coffee n /"kQfi/● café � caffè � KaffeeI drink coffee to wake me up.

coffee bar n /"kQfi %bA:/● café, cafétéria � caffè, bar � Café, KaffeehausWe meet in the coffee bar every morning.

cold adj /k@Uld/● froid � freddo � kaltIt’s cold here in December.

college n /"kQlidZ/● collège, établissement d’enseignement supérieur � istituto superiore,college � College, InstitutI want to go to college when I leave school.

dancer n /"dA:ns@/● danseur, danseuse � ballerino, ballerina � Tänzer(in)Annie is a dancer with the New York City Ballet.

daughter n /"dO:t@/● fille � figlia � TochterMy daughter is 9 years old now.

different adj /"dIfr@nt/● différent � diverso � andersI’m very different from my brother. He’s tall but I’m short.

difficult adj /"dIfIk@lt/● difficile � difficile � schwierig, schwerMaths is difficult.

drink v /drINk/● boire � bere � trinkenWould you like something to drink?

easy adj /"i:zi/● facile � facile � leicht, einfachThe homework was easy. I got 10/10.

egg n /eg/● œuf � uovo � EiSally has toast and an egg every morning for breakfast.

exciting adj /"Ik"saItIN/● passionnant � emozionante, entusiasmante � aufregend, spannendSnowboarding is an exciting sport.

expensive adj /"Ik"spensIv/● cher � costoso, caro � teuerThat coat is very expensive – it’s £400!

fast adj /fA:st/● rapide � veloce � schnellChris has a fast car.

father n /"fA:D@/● père � padre � VaterMy father and mother are divorced.

first name n /"f3:st neIm/● prénom � nome (di battesimo) � Vorname‘What is your first name?’ ‘John.’

friendly adj /"frendli/● amical � cordiale, amichevole � freundlich, nettThat waitress was very friendly.

girl n /g3:l/● fille � ragazza � MädchenDo you hope to have a boy or a girl?

girlfriend n /"g3:lfrend/● petite amie � ragazza, fidanzata � FreundinI see my girlfriend almost every weekend.

good adj /gUd/● bon � buono � gutThat’s a good book. I really like it.



grandfather n /"gr&n(d)fA:D@/● grand-père � nonno � GrossvaterMy grandfather is almost 80.

grandmother n /"gr&n(d)mVD@/● grand-mère � nonna � GrossmutterMy grandmother lives with my parents.

hamburger n /"h&mb3:g@/● hamburger � hamburger � HamburgerWould you like cheese on your hamburger?

happy adj /"h&pi/● heureux, content � felice, contento � glücklichI’m so happy! I passed my exam.

here adv /hI@/● ici � qui � hierDo you live here?

Here you are. /"hI@ ju: %A:/● Tenez., Voilà. � Tieni., Eccolo. � Hier, bitte (sehr).‘Can I have a beer?’ ‘Yes. Here you are.’

hi /haI/● bonjour, salut � ciao, salve � hallo, hiHi, Sue. It’s Sally.

holiday n /"hQlIdeI/● vacances � vacanza � UrlaubWe usually go on holiday in August.

horrible adj /"hQr@bl/● horrible, affreux � orribile � scheusslich, fürchterlichIt’s raining again. What horrible weather!

hot adj /hQt/● chaud � caldo � heissThis coffee is really hot.

how much? adv /%haU "mVtS/● combien? � quanto? � wie viel?How much does it cost?

how old? adv /%haU "@Uld/● quel âge? � quanti anni? � wie alt?‘How old is your son?’ ‘He’s 12.’

husband n /"hVzb@nd/● mari � marito � (Ehe)mannMy husband and I got married in July.

ice-cream n /"aIskri:m/● glace � gelato � Eis(krem)Would you like ice-cream for dessert?

identity card n /aI"dentIti %kA:d/● carte d’identité � carta d’identità � PersonalausweisYou need to take your identity card.

journalist n /"dZ3:n@lIst/● journaliste � giornalista � Journalist(in)I work as a journalist for a newspaper.

love n /lVv/● amour � amore � LiebeLove is more important than money.

lovely adj /"lVvli/● très agréable, très joli � bellissimo � wunderschön, reizend, herrlichWhat a lovely sweater!

menu n /"menju:/● menu � menu � SpeisekarteThe waiter gave us the menu.

mineral water n /"mIn@r@l %wO:t@/● eau minérale � acqua minerale � MineralwasserI often drink mineral water at restaurants.

morning n /"mO:nIN/● matin � mattina � MorgenWhat time do you get up in the morning?

mother n /"mVD@/● mère � madre � MutterMy mother is the best mum in the world!

new adj /nju:/● nouveau, neuf � nuovo � neuMy bicycle is new. I got it last week.

now adv /naU/● maintenant � ora, adesso � jetztLet’s eat now. I’m hungry.

nurse n /n3:s/● infirmier, infirmière � infermiere, infermiera � Krankenschwester/-pfleger (in)She’s a nurse at the hospital.

old adj /@Uld/● vieux � vecchio, anziano � altMy dictionary’s very old. I need a more modern one.

orange juice n /"QrIndZ %dZu:s/● jus d’orange � succo d’arancia � OrangensaftI don’t like beer. I’d like some orange juice.

pardon? /"pA:dn/● comment? � scusi? scusa? � (wie) bitte?Pardon? Could you please repeat the question?

photo n /"f@Ut@U/● photo � foto � FotoAlex took a photo of the Colosseum.

pizza n /"pi:ts@/● pizza � pizza � PizzaWe had a pizza at the new Italian restaurant.

please /pli:z/● s’il te plaît, s’il vous plaît � per favore � bittePlease don’t wait for me.

policeman n /p@"li:sm@n/● agent de police � poliziotto � PolizistThe policeman arrested them.

pound n /paUnd/● livre � sterlina � PfundIt costs one pound.

practice n /"pr&ktIs/● entraînement � esercizio, pratica � ÜbungWe have football practice every Tuesday night.

price n /praIs/● prix � prezzo � PreisCheck the price before you buy it.

salad n /"s&l@d/● salade � insalata � SalatI’d like soup and a salad for lunch.

slow adj /sl@U/● lent � lento � langsamThe train is very slow. It takes four hours.

small adj /smO:l/● petit � piccolo � kleinI want to buy a small present to take to the party.

snack bar n /"sn&k %bA:/● snack-bar � snack-bar, tavola calda � Imbissbude/-stube, SnackbarWe had lunch in the snack bar.

snow n /sn@U/● neige � neve � SchneeThere’s no snow, so we can’t ski.

snow v /sn@U/● neiger � nevicare � schneienIt usually snows in January.

son n /sVn/● fils � figlio � SohnI have one son and two daughters.

soon adv /su:n/● bientôt, tôt � presto � baldWe need to leave soon or we’ll be late.

speak v /spi:k/● parler � parlare � sprechenWhy does the teacher speak so quickly?

subway n US /"sVbweI/● métro � metropolitana � U-BahnI take the subway to work.

surname n /"s3:neIm/● nom de famille � cognome � NachnameDo you know Michelle’s surname?



tea n /ti:/● thé � tè � TeeWe drink tea in the early afternoon.

tuna n /"tju:n@/● thon � tonno � ThunfischI often have tuna sandwiches for lunch.

uncle n /"Vnkl/● oncle � zio � OnkelMy uncle Dave is my mum’s brother.

understand v /Vnd@"st&nd/● comprendre � capire � verstehenDo you understand the question?

use v /ju:z/● utiliser � usare � benutzenDo you use a dictionary for your homework?

who? pron /hu:/● qui ? � chi? � wer?Who is that?

wife n /waIf/● femme � moglie � (Ehe)frauMy wife is a terrible cook!

write v /raIt/● écrire � scrivere � schreibenHow often do you write to Chris?

young adj /jVN/● jeune � giovane, piccolo � jungHe looks very young. How old is he?

Unit 3a little adj /@ "lItl/

● un peu de � un po’ di � ein bisschenI’d like a little ice-cream.

afternoon n /%A:ft@"nu:n/● après-midi � pomeriggio � NachmittagWe spent the afternoon in the park.

ambulance n /"&mbj@l@ns/● ambulance � ambulanza � KrankenwagenThey took the man to the hospital in an ambulance.

architect n /"A:kitekt/● architecte � architetto � Architekt(in)Our house was designed by an architect.

barman n /"bA:m@n/● barman � barista � Barmann, BarkeeperDan works as a barman in a pub at weekends.

be quiet v /%bi: "kwaI@t/● se taire � silenzio! � leise seinBe quiet. I’m trying to sleep!

beer n /bI@/● bière � birra � BierI often have a cold beer in the evening.

before adv /bI"fO:/● avant � prima di � vorI did my homework before the lesson.

biology n /baI"Ql@dZi/● biologie � biologia � BiologieI’m studying biology because I want to be a doctor.

boat n /b@Ut/● bateau � battello, barca � Boot, SchiffWe took a boat to the island.

breakfast n /"brekf@st/● petit déjeuner � colazione � FrühstückI eat breakfast every morning.

busy adj /"bIzi/● occupé � occupato � (sehr) beschäftigt‘Where’s John?’ ‘He’s busy with his homework.

but conj /bVt/, /b@t/● mais � ma � aberI’d like to come, but I can’t.

centre n /"sent@/● centre � centro � ZentrumI work in the city centre.

city n /"sIti/● ville � città � (Gross)stadtNew York is a big city.

clock n /klQk/● horloge, pendule � orologio � UhrWhat time does the clock say?

collect v /k@"lekt/● ramasser, recueillir � raccogliere � abholen, (ein)sammelnThey collect the letters at 7.00 a.m.

come v /kVm/● venir � venire � kommenCan you come to the film tonight?

deliver v /dI"lIv@/● livrer � consegnare � liefernThey deliver pizzas to your house.

design v /dI"zaIn/● concevoir � progettare � entwerfenI design furniture for a large company.

do the accounts v /%du: Di: @"kaUnts/● faire/tenir les comptes � fare/tenere i conti � die Bücher führenAsk the accountant to do the accounts.

dog n /dQg/● chien � cane � HundWhose dog is that in the garden?

drive v /draIv/● conduire � guidare � fahrenCan you drive a car?

end v /end/● finir � finire � endenHow does the film end?

every day adv /%evrI "deI/● tous les jours � ogni giorno � jeden TagI go to work every day.

Excuse me /Ik"skju:z "mi:/● excusez-moi, pardon � scusi, scusa � EntschuldigungExcuse me. What time is it?

fireman n /"faI@m@n/● pompier � vigile del fuoco � FeuerwehrmannThe fireman told us what to do if there was a fire.

fly v /flaI/● voler � volare � fliegenLet’s fly to Glasgow – the train takes too long.

flying doctor n /%flaIIN "dQkt@/● médecin volant � (in Australia) medico che si reca in volo dal malato� (in Australien) Arzt/Ärztin, der/die mit dem Flugzeug zu seinenPatienten fliegtMoira works as a flying doctor in Australia.

football n /"fUtbO:l/● football � calcio � FussballWe often play football after school.

free time n /%fri: "taIm/● temps libre � tempo libero � FreizeitWhat do you do in your free time?

get up v /%get "Vp/● se lever � alzarsi � aufstehenI get up every morning at 8.00 a.m.

glass n /glA:s/● verre � bicchiere � GlasCould I have a glass of water, please?

go v /g@U/● aller � andare � gehenI want to go to university next year.

go to bed v /%g@U t@ "bed/● se coucher � andare a dormire � ins Bett gehenWhat time do you usually go to bed?

guest n /gest/● invité � ospite � GastThere is only one guest staying at the hotel at the moment.



help v /help/● aider � aiutare � helfenCan you help me to make dinner?

hospital n /"hQspItl/● hôpital � ospedale � KrankenhausThey took the man to the hospital.

How’s (Ann)? adv /haUz/● Comment va (Ann) ? � Come sta (Ann)? � Wie geht’s (Ann)?‘How’s Ann today?’ ‘She’s fine.’

hurry up v /%hVri "Vp/● se dépêcher � sbrigarsi, affrettarsi � sich beeilenHurry up! We’re late!

interpreter n /In"t3:prIt@/● interprète � interprete � Dolmetscher(in)An interpreter translated the President’s speech from French into English.

island n /"aIl@nd/● île � isola � InselHawaii is an island.

late adj /leIt/● en retard � in ritardo, tardi � (zu) spätShe arrived after dinner because her train was late.

like v /laIk/● aimer � piacere � mögenI like listening to music.

listen v /"lIs@n/● écouter � ascoltare � zuhörenListen to the instructions.

look after v /%lUk "A:ft@/● s’occuper de, garder � badare a, guardare � sich kümmern um,aufpassen aufWho will look after the dog while we’re on holiday?

love v /lVv/● aimer � amare � liebenI love my wife.

make v /meIk/● faire, fabriquer � fare, produrre � machenWe make a cake every Sunday.

man n /m&n/● homme � uomo � MannThe man with Emma is her husband.

money n /"mVni/● argent � soldi � GeldI got some money from the bank.

music n /"mju:zIk/● musique � musica � MusikI love classical music.

never adv /"nev@/● (ne) jamais � (non) mai � nie‘Would you like a cigarette?’ ‘No, thanks. I never smoke.’

non-stop adv /"nQn "stQp/● sans arrêt � senza sosta � ohne UnterbrechungThe plane flies non-stop to New York.

north n /nO:T/● nord � nord � NordenThe north of Italy is more industrial.

office n /"QfIs/● bureau � ufficio � BüroI work in an office.

only adv /"@Unli/● seulement, ne … que � solo � nurI only have 50p. I can’t buy it.

ordinary adj /"O:d@nri/● ordinaire � comune, qualsiasi � gewöhnlichIt was an ordinary day.

people n pl /"pi:pl/● personnes, gens � gente, persone � LeuteHow many people were at the party?

perhaps adv /p@"h&ps/● peut-être � forse � vielleichtPerhaps it will snow this afternoon.

petrol n /"petr@l/● essence � benzina � BenzinShe put some petrol in the car.

pilot n /"paIl@t/● pilote � pilota � Pilot(in)The pilot landed the plane.

plane n /pleIn/● avion � aereo � FlugzeugOur plane leaves from Heathrow airport.

play v /pleI/● jouer � giocare � spielenWould you like to play tennis this afternoon?

post n /p@Ust/● poste, courrier � posta � PostThe post arrives at 9.30 a.m.

postman n /"p@Ustm@n/● facteur � postino � Briefträger, PostboteThe postman delivers our letters.

pub n /pVb/● pub � pub � Kneipe, GasthausWe’re going for a drink at the pub this evening.

radio n /"reIdI@U/● radio � radio � RadioDo you often listen to the radio in the car?

school n /sku:l/ ● école � scuola � SchuleI went to primary school when I was 5.

scientist n /"saI@ntIst/● scientifique � scienziato � Naturwissenschaftler(in)Their son is a scientist. He studies genetics.

sell v /sel/● vendre � vendere � verkaufenThey sell postcards in that shop.

serve v /s3:v/● servir � servire � servierenThe waitress will serve you in a minute.

shop n /SQp/● magasin � negozio � Laden, GeschäftThere’s a small shop on the corner that has cigarettes.

shopkeeper n /"SQpki:p@/● commerçant � negoziante � Ladeninhaber(in)Do you know the shopkeeper who has the shop on the corner?

sick adj /sIk/● malade � malato � krankI have been sick for three days.

sit down v /%sIt "daUn/● s’asseoir � sedersi � sich hinsetzenPlease come in and sit down, Linda. It’s great to see you!

skiing n /"skIIN/● ski � (sport dello) sci � Ski laufenKiki loves skiing in the Alps.

summer n /"sVm@/● été � estate � SommerI always go on holiday in the summer.

supper n /"sVp@/● souper � cena � AbendessenWe had chicken and chips for supper last night.

taxi driver n /"t&ksi %draIv@/● chauffeur de taxi � tassista � Taxifahrer(in)I asked the taxi driver to take me to the airport.

television n /"tel@vIzn/● télévision � televisione � FernsehenWe often watch television in the evenings.

tennis n /"tenIs/● tennis � tennis � TennisDo you enjoy playing tennis?

That’s right. /%D&ts "raIt/● C’est exact. � Esatto. � Das stimmt.‘He’s a pilot.’ ‘That’s right. He works for British Airways.’



there adv /De@/● là, là-bas � là � dort, dorthin‘Where’s Peter?’ ‘He’s over there.’

thing n /TIN/● chose � cosa � DingWhat is that thing?

tired adj /"taI@d/● fatigué � stanco � müdeI’m tired. I want to go to bed.

too adv /tu:/● aussi � anche � auch, ebenfallsShe speaks Italian, Spanish, and English too!

tourist n /"tU@rIst/● touriste � turista � Tourist(in)The tourist took a photograph of the Eiffel Tower.

town n /taUn/● ville � città � (Klein)stadtI live in a small town.

translate v /tr&nz"leIt/● traduire � tradurre � übersetzenCan you translate this word into Spanish?

undertaker n /"Vnd@teIk@/● ordonnateur des pompes funèbres � impresario/a di pompe funebri� Leichenbestatter(in)The undertaker came to take the dead man.

vanilla adj /v@"nIl@/● vanille � vaniglia, crema � VanilleDo you like vanilla ice-cream?

walk n /wO:k/● promenade � passeggiata � Spaziergang, WanderungThey took the dog for a walk.

walk v /wO:k/● aller à pied, se promener � andare a piedi, passeggiare � (zu Fuss)gehen, spazierenLet’s walk into the city today.

watch n /wQtS/● montre � orologio da polso � ArmbanduhrAre you wearing a watch? What time is it?

watch v /wQtS/● regarder � guardare � (zu)sehenDid you watch the football match on television yesterday?

week n /wi:k/● semaine � settimana � WocheI start my new job next week.

weekday n /"wi:kdeI/● jour de la semaine, jour ouvrable � giorno feriale � Wochentag, WerktagIt’s a weekday so I have to go to bed early.

wine n /waIn/● vin � vino � WeinDo you drink red or white wine?

winter n /"wInt@/● hiver � inverno � WinterIt often snows in winter.

work v /w3:k/● travailler � lavorare � arbeitenI work for a big company.

world n /w3:ld/● monde � mondo � WeltI’d like to travel the world!

Unit 4a lot pron /@ "lQt/

● beaucoup � un sacco, molto � vielI love books, and I read a lot.

after adv, prep /"A:ft@/● après � dopo � nachAllan arrived just after Liz.

always adv /"O:lweIz/● toujours � sempre � immerWhy is Allan always late?

autumn n /"O:t@m/● automne � autunno � HerbstI hate autumn when it starts to get cold.

bad adj /b&d/● mauvais � cattivo, brutto � schlechtI’m sorry. I have some bad news for you.

bar n /bA:/● bar � bar � BarWe went to a bar for a drink.

baseball n /"beIsbO:l/● base-ball � baseball � BaseballI play baseball for my school.

beach n /bi:tS/● plage � spiaggia � StrandIf the weather is warm, we can go to the beach to swim.

block n /blQk/● pâté de maisons � isolato � (Häuser)blockThe supermarket is on my block.

boring adj /"bO:riN/● ennuyeux � noioso � langweiligMy history lessons are boring.

brown adj /braUn/● marron, brun � marrone, castano � braunI bought a new brown leather bag.

bus n /bVs/● bus, autobus � autobus � BusI take the bus to school.

buy v /baI/● acheter � comprare � kaufenI want to buy a new dress for the party.

called pp /kO:ld/● appelé � chiamato � genannt‘What is she called?’ ‘Amy.’

car n /kA:/● voiture � macchina, auto � AutoMy car is a Fiat.

chat v /tS&t/● bavarder � chiacchierare � plaudern, schwatzenI chat a lot on the phone.

colour n /"kVl@/● couleur � colore � Farbe‘What is your favourite colour?’ ‘Blue.’

computer n /k@m"pju:t@/● ordinateur � computer � ComputerI write e-mails on my computer.

computer game n /k@m"pju:t@ geIm/● jeu électronique, jeu informatique � videogioco per computer� ComputerspielTomb Raider is a popular computer game.

cook v /kUk/● cuisiner, faire la cuisine � cucinare � kochenI cook dinner every Friday night.

dance v /dA:ns/● danser � ballare � tanzenI can’t dance to rock music.

dinner n /"dIn@/● dîner � cena, pranzo � AbendessenWhat do you usually eat for dinner?

do v /du:/● faire � fare � tun‘What do you want to do today?’

domestic adj /d@"mestIk/● domestique, ménager � domestico � häuslichI’m not very domestic. I can’t cook very well.

Don’t worry v /%d@Unt "wVri/● Ne t’en fais pas. Ne vous en faites pas. � Non preoccuparti., Non Sipreoccupi. � Keine Sorge.Don’t worry. We won’t be late.



early adv /"3:li/● tôt, de bonne heure � presto � frühGo to bed early. You have an exam tomorrow.

especially adv /I"speS@li/● surtout, particulièrement � particolarmente � besondersI love flowers, especially roses.

export department n /"ekspO:t dI%pA:tm@nt/● service export � reparto esportazioni � ExportabteilungI work in the company’s export department.

exposure n /ik"sp@UZ@/● pose � posa � Belichtung, BildCan I have a film with 36 exposures?

fall (= autumn) n US /fO:l/● automne � autunno � HerbstOctober is in the fall.

family n /"f&m@li/● famille � famiglia � FamilieMy family lives in New York.

famous adj /"feIm@s/● célèbre, réputé � famoso � berühmtGwyneth Paltrow is a famous actress.

fantastic adj /f&n"t&stIk/● fantastique � fantastico � fantastischWhat a fantastic movie! I love it.

favourite adj /"feIvrIt/● préféré, favori � preferito � Lieblings-Who is your favourite singer?

film n /fIlm/● film, pellicule � pellicola � FilmI need a film for my camera.

flower n /"flaU@/● fleur � fiore � BlumeThis flower is from my garden.

food n /fu:d/● nourriture � cibo � EssenWe like Italian food, especially pasta.

fortunately adv /"fO:tS@n@tli/● heureusement � per fortuna � zum Glück, glücklicherweiseFortunately, I found my keys.

friend n /frend/● ami, amie � amico, amica � Freund(in)Janice is my friend. I really like her.

go out v /%g@U "aUt/● sortir � uscire, andare fuori � ausgehenLet’s go out for dinner this evening.

grey adj /greI/● gris � grigio � grauThe sky is very grey today.

gym n /dZIm/● gymnase � palestra � FitnesscenterI do aerobics at the gym once a week.

headquarters n pl /%hed"kwO:t@z/● siège social � sede centrale � HauptquartierThe police headquarters are in London.

hobby n /"hQbi/● passe-temps, hobby � hobby, passatempo � HobbySanjay’s hobby is playing tennis.

hour n /aU@/● heure � ora � StundeOne hour is sixty minutes.

how? adv /haU/● comment ? � come? � wie?How do I get to the cinema?

I’m sorry. /%aIm "sQri/● Je suis désolé. � Mi dispiace. � Es tut mir Leid.I’m sorry. I can’t go to the film this evening.

ice hockey n /"aIs %hQki/● hockey sur glace � hockey su ghiaccio � EishockeyIce hockey is a popular sport in Canada.

ice-skating n /"aIs %skeItIN/● patinage (sur glace) � pattinaggio/pattinare sul ghiaccio� SchlittschuhlaufenIce-skating is very difficult at first.

interesting adj /"Intr@stiN/● intéressant � interessante � interessantThat is a very interesting question, Anne.

interview v /"Int@vju:/● interview � intervistare � interviewenThey interview politicians on the news.

It doesn’t matter. /It "dVznt "m&t@/● Ça ne fait rien. � Non importa. � Das macht nichts.‘I’m sorry.’ ‘It doesn’t matter. Don’t worry.’

jogging n /"dZQgIN/● jogging � footing, jogging � JoggingI go jogging every day. I like running.

kid n /kId/● enfant, gamin � bambino, bambina � KindDon’t call me a kid! I’m 18.

lake n /leIk/● lac � lago � SeeIn the summer we go swimming in the lake.

leisure activity n /"leZ@(r) &k"tIv@ti/● loisir � attività ricreativa � FreizeitaktivitätGolf is my favourite leisure activity.

long adj /lQN/● long � lungo � langeIt’s a long film: three hours!

meet v /mi:t/● (se) rencontrer � incontrarsi, trovarsi � (sich) treffenCan we meet this afternoon?

near prep /nI@/● près � vicino a � nah(e)My office is near the supermarket.

news programme n /"nju:z %pr@Ugr&m/● informations � telegiornale � NachrichtensendungWhat news programme do you watch in the evening?

next adj /nekst/● prochain � prossimo � nächste(r,s)The next bus arrives in 15 minutes.

of course /@v "kO:s/● bien sûr � certo, naturalmente � natürlichOf course you can visit us!

often adv /"Qf@n/, /"Qft@n/● souvent � spesso � oftI often listen to the radio in the morning.

open v /"@Up@n/● ouvrir � aprire � öffnenThe shop opens at 9.00 a.m.

parents n /"pe@r@nts/● parents � genitori � ElternMy parents visit every weekend.

pop song n /"pQp sQN/● chanson pop � canzone pop � Popsong, SchlagerWhat’s the number one pop song this week?

reading n /"ri:dIN/● lecture � lettura, leggere � LesenI like reading biographies of famous people.

really? /"rI@li/● vraiment? � davvero? � wirklich?‘I don’t like skiing.’ ‘Really? I love it.’

red adj /red/● rouge � rosso � rotHe gave me a red rose.

relax v /rI"l&ks/● se détendre � rilassarsi � sich entspannenShe does yoga to relax.

sailing n /"seIliN/● voile � (sport della) vela � SegelnWe sometimes go sailing on the lake.



say v /seI/● dire � dire � sagenSorry, what did you say?

season n /"si:zn/● saison � stagione � JahreszeitWinter is my favourite season.

short adj /SO:t/● bref, court � breve, corto � kurzShe has very short hair, like a boy.

shy adj /SaI/● timide � timido � schüchternClare is very shy. She doesn’t talk much.

smoke v /sm@Uk/● fumer � fumare � rauchenI smoke a packet of cigarettes a day.

sometimes adv /"sVmtaImz/● quelquefois, parfois � qualche volta � manchmalSometimes I take the bus to work, but usually I walk.

special adj /"speSl/● spécial � speciale � besondere(r,s)Do you have any special plans for Valentine’s Day?

spring n /sprIN/● printemps � primavera � FrühlingI love spring, when it starts to get warm.

start v /stA:t/● commencer � cominciare � anfangenWhen does school start in the morning?

suddenly adv /"sVdnli/● soudain, tout à coup � improvvisamente � plötzlichThe car stopped suddenly.

sunbathing n /"sVnbeITIN/● prendre un bain de soleil � prendere il sole � SonnenbadenI love sunbathing on the beach.

sunny adj /"sVni/● ensoleillé � soleggiato � sonnigIt’s really sunny – let’s have a picnic.

swimming n /"swImIN/● natation � nuoto, nuotare � SchwimmenI often go swimming in the lake.

take v /teIk/● prendre � prendere, portare � nehmenPlease take your umbrella. It’s going to rain.

take photos v /"teIk "f@Ut@Uz/● prendre des photos � fare fotografie � Fotos machenWe always take photos on holiday.

That’s OK. /"D&ts @U%keI/● C’est bon. � Non preoccuparti. Non Si preoccupi. � Okay.That’s OK. I’ll come back tomorrow.

then adv /Den/● alors, à l’époque � allora � damalsWe were much younger then.

traffic n /"tr&fIk/● circulation � traffico � VerkehrSorry we’re late. The traffic is terrible!

tree n /tri:/● arbre � albero � BaumThere’s a big tree in our garden.

usually adv /"ju:Z@li/● d’habitude � di solito � gewöhnlichI usually get home at 5.30 p.m.

visit v /"vIzIt/● visiter � visitare � besuchenWe’re going to visit my grandfather in hospital today.

warm adj /wO:m/● chaud � caldo � warmIt’s warm by the fire.

weekend n /"wi:kend/● week-end � fine settimana, week-end � WochenendeWhat are you doing at the weekend?

wet adj /wet/● mouillé � bagnato � nass, feuchtI got very wet in the rain.

What does … mean? /wQt dVz ... mi:n/● Que signifie …? � Che cosa significa …? � Was bedeutet/heisst …?What does the word serendipity mean?

what time? /wQt "taIm/● à quelle heure ? � a che ora? � um welche Uhrzeit?What time does the train arrive?

what? /wQt/● quoi ? quel …?, qu’est-ce qui …?, qu’est-ce que …? � che cosa? quale?� was?What’s your address?

when? /wen/● quand ? � quando? � wann?When is your birthday?

where? /we@/● où ? � dove? � wo?Where were you born? In Madrid?

why? /waI/● pourquoi ? � perché? � warum?Why did you phone me?

window n /"wInd@U/● fenêtre � finestra � FensterCan we open a window? It’s hot in here.

year n /jI@/● an, année � anno � JahrOne year is 365 days.

yellow adj /"jel@U/● jaune � giallo � gelbBananas are yellow.

Unit 5address book n /@"dres %bUk/

● carnet d’adresses � rubrica degli indirizzi � AdressbuchI need to write your new address in my address book.

air conditioning n /"e@ k@n%dISnIN/● climatisation � aria condizionata � KlimaanlageOur apartment has air conditioning. It’s quite cool in summer.

alone adj /@"l@Un/● seul � da solo � alleinI prefer not to walk home alone after dark.

armchair n /"A:mtSe@/● fauteuil � poltrona � SesselMy dad sits in an armchair when he watches TV.

at the moment adv /%@t D@ "m@Um@nt/● en ce moment � in questo momento � im MomentSorry. I’m busy at the moment. Can I phone you later?

bank n /b&Nk/● banque � banca � BankI changed my money at the bank.

bathroom n /bA:TrUm/● salle de bains � bagno � BadezimmerThe toilet is in the bathroom.

beautiful adj /"bju:tIfl/● beau � bello � schönShe’s a beautiful girl!

bed n /bed/● lit � letto � BettI go to bed at 10.00 p.m. every night.

best adj /best/● le meilleur � il migliore � beste(r,s)The best chocolate is Swiss.

blinds n pl /blaIndz/● stores � veneziane, avvolgibili � Rolladen, JalousieJeff opened the blinds to look out of the window.

bookshelf n /"bUkSelf/● étagère, rayon � ripiano, scaffale � (Bücher)regal, BücherbordI keep all my books on the bookshelf.



both /b@UT/● tous les deux � ambedue, entrambi, tutti e due � beide (n, s)We both love travelling.

briefcase n /"bri:fkeIs/● serviette � cartella � Aktentasche, -mappeThe lawyer takes his briefcase to work each day.

bus ticket n /"bVs %tIkIt/● ticket de bus � biglietto dell’autobus � BusfahrscheinI can’t find my bus ticket. I’ll have to walk home.

cat n /k&t/● chat � gatto � KatzeDo you prefer cats or dogs?

CD n /%si: "di:/● CD � CD � CDWhat CD are you listening to, Pierre?

champagne n /S&m"peIn/● champagne � champagne � ChampagnerWe often drink champagne on New Year’s Eve.

Cheers! /tSI@z/● Santé !, À la tienne/vôtre ! � Salute! Cincin! � Prost!Happy birthday! Cheers!

chemist’s n /kemIsts/● pharmacie � farmacia � ApothekeI got some medicine from the chemist’s.

cockpit n /"kQkpIt/● cabine de pilotage � cabina di pilotaggio � CockpitThe pilot sits in the cockpit of the plane.

coffee table n /"kQfI %teIbl/● table basse � tavolino basso � CouchtischCan you put these flowers on the coffee table, please?

comfortable adj /"kVmft@bl/● confortable � comodo � bequem, gemütlichThat sofa is very comfortable.

cooker n /"kUk@/● cuisinière � cucina, fornello � Ofen, HerdWe have an electric cooker in the kitchen.

cup n /kVp/● tasse � tazza � TasseWould you like a cup of tea?

cupboard n /kVb@d/● placard � armadio, credenza � SchrankThe glasses are in the cupboard.

dishwasher n /"dISwQS@/● lave-vaisselle � lavastoviglie � GeschirrspülmaschineWe have a dishwasher so we don’t have to wash the plates.

door n /dO:/● porte � porta � TürClose the bathroom door.

downstairs adv /%daUn"ste@z/● en bas � al piano di sotto � die Treppe hinunterGo downstairs and open the front door.

emergency exit n /I"m3:dz@nsi %eksIt/● sortie de secours � uscita di sicurezza � NotausgangIf there’s a fire, go out by the emergency exit.

everything pron /"evrITIN/● tout � tutto, ogni cosa � allesI love everything she does.

exactly adv /Ig"z&ktli/● exactement � proprio, esattamente � genauThat’s not exactly what I was thinking.

ex-wife n /%eks"waIf/● ex-femme � ex-moglie � Ex-FrauDo you still speak to your ex-wife?

far adv /fA:/● loin � lontano � weitI don’t live very far from here.

film star n /"fIlm %stA:/● star/vedette de cinéma � stella del cinema � FilmstarJulia Roberts is a film star.

fire n /faI@/● feu, incendie � fuoco, incendio � FeuerWe often have a fire in the winter.

first adj /f3:st/● premier � primo � erste(r,s)‘A’ is the first letter of the alphabet.

first class adj /"f3:st "klA:s/● première classe � prima classe � erster KlasseIt’s expensive to fly first class.

flight attendant n /"flaIt @%tend@nt/● hôtesse de l’air, steward � assistente di volo � Flugbegleiter(in)A flight attendant works on an aeroplane.

floor n /"flO:/● étage � piano � Etage, StockwerkMy bedroom is on the first floor.

fork n /fO:k/● fourchette � forchetta � GabelThe fork goes on the left of the plate.

fridge n /frIdZ/● frigo � frigorifero � KühlschrankThe milk and butter need to go in the fridge.

front door n /%frVnt "dO:/● porte d’entrée � porta d’ingresso � HaustürYou need a key for the front door.

garden n /"gA:dn/● jardin � giardino � GartenShe has many beautiful flowers in her garden.

grandma n /"gr&nmA:/● grand-mère � nonna � OmaMy grandma is very old.

how many? /"haU "meni/● combien ? � quanti? � wie viele?How many people live in the village?

just (= only) adv /dZVst/● juste, seulement � solo � nurThere were just three people at the party.

kitchen n /"kItSIn/● cuisine � cucina � KücheWe always eat dinner in the kitchen.

knife n /naIf/● couteau � coltello � MesserI need a knife for the butter.

lady n /"leIdi/● dame � signora � DameDo you know the lady who lives next door?

lamp n /l&mp/● lampe � lampada � LampeIs there a lamp? It’s dark.

left adv (opp right) /left/● à gauche � a sinistra � linksTurn left at the bank.

living room n /"lIvIN %rUm/● (salle de) séjour � soggiorno � WohnzimmerLet’s sit in the living room.

lots (of books) pron /lQts/● beaucoup de � molto � viel(e)I don’t have many friends but you have lots.

luxury n /"lVkS@ri/● luxe � lusso � LuxusA Ferrari is a luxury.

mirror n /"mIr@/● miroir, glace � specchio � SpiegelI look in the mirror before I go out.

mobile phone n /"m@UbaIl "f@Un/● téléphone portable � cellulare � HandyI’ll call you on your mobile phone.

modern adj /"mQd@n/● moderne � moderno � modernThey live in a modern house.



most of the time /"m@Ust @v D@ %taIm/● la plupart du temps � la maggior parte del tempo � die meiste ZeitI sometimes go to the office, but I work at home most of the time.

neighbour n /"neIb@/● voisin � vicino/a di casa � Nachbar(in)I’ll borrow some sugar from the neighbour.

newsagent’s n /"nju:zeIdZ@nts/● marchand de journaux � edicola � Zeitungshändler(in)I buy the newspaper at the newsagent’s.

notebook n /"n@UtbUk/● carnet, cahier � quaderno, taccuino � Notizbuch, -heftJulie wrote notes in her notebook.

over there adv /%@Uv@ "De@/● là-bas � là, da quella parte � dort (drüben)Look over there – is that James?

park n /pA:k/● parc � parco � ParkThey played football in the park.

party n /"pA:ti/● fête � festa � Party, FeierWe’re having a party to celebrate our graduation.

passport n /"pA:spO:t/● passeport � passaporto � PassYou need your passport to go to the USA.

pen n /pen/● stylo � penna � Stift, Füller, KugelschreiberDo you have a pen? I need to write a note.

picture n /"pIktS@/● tableau � quadro � BildThe gallery has a picture by Picasso.

plant n /plA:nt/● plante � pianta � PflanzeGive the plant some water.

plate n /pleIt/● assiette � piatto � TellerHe ate everything on the plate.

quite (big) adv /kwaIt/● assez, plutôt � abbastanza � ziemlichThis room is quite big.

rain v /reIn/● pleuvoir � piovere � regnenOh no! It’s raining but I don’t have an umbrella.

rich adj /rItS/● riche � ricco � reichI have a rich uncle who lives in Monte Carlo.

right adv (opp left) /raIt/● à droite � a destra � rechtsTurn right at the school.

room n /rUm/, /ru:m/● pièce, salle � stanza � Zimmer, RaumThere are eight rooms in my house.

rug n /rVg/● tapis � tappeto � Teppich, LäuferThere’s a Chinese rug under the coffee table.

sandwich n /"s&nwIdZ/● sandwich � tramezzino � belegtes Brot/BrötchenI often have a ham sandwich for lunch.

second adj /"sek@nd/● deuxième, second � secondo � zweite(r,s)I came to New York once before. This is the second time.

section n /"sekSn/● section � sezione � Abteilung, AbschnittAt the end of the book there’s a grammar section.

shelf n /Self/● étagère � ripiano, mensola � Bord, RegalbrettWe put the pasta on the top shelf.

sofa n /"s@Uf@/● canapé � divano, sofà � SofaI often fall asleep on the sofa while watching TV.

spoon n /spu:n/● cuillère � cucchiaio � LöffelYou eat soup with a spoon.

steps n pl /steps/● marches � scalini, gradini � StufenThere are some steps from my front door down to the street.

stereo n /"steri@U/● chaîne stéréo � stereo � StereoanlageThey listened to the CD on the new stereo.

stop (bus) n /stQp/● arrêt � fermata � (Bus)haltestelleWhich stop do you usually get off the bus at?

supermarket n /"su:p@%mA:kIt/● supermarché � supermercato � SupermarktI need to go to the supermarket to buy some bread.

swimming pool n /"swImIN %pu:l/● piscine � piscina � Swimmingpool, SchwimmbadOur hotel had a swimming pool.

Thanks a lot. /"T&nks @ %lQt/● Merci beaucoup. � Grazie mille. � Vielen Dank.Thanks a lot. The flowers are lovely!

toilet n /"tOIl@t/● toilettes � gabinetto � ToiletteGo to the toilet before we leave.

top n /tQp/● haut, sommet � cima � oberer Teil, GipfelEllen’s room is at the top of the stairs.

upstairs adv /%Vp"ste@z/● en haut � al piano di sopra � die Treppe hinaufGo upstairs and close the window.

wall n /wO:l/● mur � muro � Mauer, WandI put a picture on the wall.

washing machine n /"wQSIN m@%Si:n/● machine à laver � lavatrice � WaschmaschineI can’t wash my clothes because the washing machine doesn’t work.

Unit 6bedtime n /"bedtaIm/

● heure du coucher � ora di andare a letto � Schlafenszeit10.00 p.m. is usually my bedtime.

between prep /bI"twi:n/● entre � tra � zwischenThe post office is between the bookshop and the cinema.

bike n /baIk/● vélo � bici � FahrradI don’t have a car so I ride my bike to work.

brilliant adj /"brIli@nt/● génial � brillante � grossartig, klasseThat’s a brilliant idea!

check v /tSek/● vérifier, contrôler � controllare � (über)prüfenThe man checked my passport.

chess n /tSes/● échecs � scacchi � SchachI sometimes play chess with my grandfather.

concert n /"kQns@t/● concert � concerto � KonzertOur school band has a concert tomorrow night.

conversation n /kQnv@"seISn/● conversation � conversazione � GesprächThey talked for an hour! I wonder what their conversation was about?

do homework v /du: "h@Umw3:k/● faire ses devoirs � fare i compiti � Hausaufgaben machenYou have to do your homework before the lesson tomorrow.

eye n /aI/● œil � occhio � AugeMy eyes hurt if I work at my computer all day.



fall in love v /%fO:l In "lVv/● tomber amoureux � innamorarsi � sich verliebenShe’s fantastic. I’m falling in love with her.

feel v /fi:l/● (se) sentir � sentirsi � (sich) fühlenI feel cold. I’ll get my coat.

genius n /"dZi:ni@s/● génie � genio � GenieTheir son is a genius. He finished university when he was only 15 years old.

hear v /hI@/● entendre � sentire � hörenDid you hear the news? Jack and Crystal are getting married.

his pron /hIz/● son, sa, ses � il suo, la sua, i suoi, le sue � sein(e)Are they his parents?

initial n /I"nISl/● initiale � iniziale � Initiale, AnfangsbuchstabeMy surname is Wilson and my initial is M.

know v /n@U/● savoir, connaître � sapere, conoscere � wissen, kennenDo you know the answer?

large adj /lA:dZ/● grand � grande � grossI’d like a large coffee, please.

last month adv /%lA:st "mVnT/● le mois dernier � il mese scorso � letzten MonatWe went to Brazil last month.

laugh v /lA:f/● rire � ridere � lachenMr Bean makes me laugh.

little adj /"lItl/● petit � piccolo � kleinHer little sister is only five years old.

manager n /"m&nIdZ@/● directeur � direttore, direttrice � Manager(in)My father is a bank manager.

message n /"mesIdZ/● message � messaggio � NachrichtPlease leave a message with my secretary.

our pron /aU@/● notre, nos � il nostro, la nostra, i nostri, le nostre � unser(e)Our house is very small.

paint v /peInt/● peindre � dipingere � malenHe painted a picture of me.

pianist n /"pI@nIst/● pianiste � pianista � Pianist(in)Mozart was a pianist.

piano n /pI"&n@U/● piano � piano � KlavierCan you play the piano?

poetry n /"p@U@tri/● poésie � poesia � Gedichte, LyrikWe studied poetry in our literature class.

poor adj /pU@/, /pO:/● pauvre � povero � armThe government needs to help poor people more.

practise v /"pr&ktIs/● s’exercer à � esercitarsi � übenHow often do you practise the piano?

question n /"kwestS@n/● question � domanda � FrageWhat is the answer to question 8?

really adv /"ri:@li/● vraiment � veramente, davvero � wirklichIt’s fantastic. I really like it.

require v /rI"kwaI@/● demander, exiger � richiedere � erfordern, benötigenThe university requires a good level of English.

sad adj /s&d/● triste � triste � traurigKevin’s friends were sad when he left.

save v /seIv/● économiser � risparmiare � sparenI need to save money so I can travel next year.

sea n /si:/● mer � mare � MeerI like swimming in the sea.

see v /si:/● voir � vedere � sehenDid you see Charlie yesterday?

spell v /spel/● orthographier, épeler � scrivere lettera per lettera � buchstabierenCan you spell the word ‘pneumonia’?

spelling n /"spelIN/● orthographe � ortografia � Schreibweise, Rechtschreibung‘Center’ is the American spelling of ‘centre’.

spend v /spend/● dépenser � spendere � ausgebenHow much money did you spend?

style n /staIl/● style � stile � StilWhat style of house is it: traditional or modern?

sun n /sVn/● soleil � sole � SonneThe sun is at the centre of our solar system.

swim v /swIm/● nager � nuotare � schwimmenI don’t like the sea because I can’t swim.

their pron /De@/● leur, leurs � il/la/i/le loro � ihr(e)Don’t worry. Their dog is very friendly.

think v /TINk/● penser � pensare � denkenI often think about him.

today adv /t@"deI/● aujourd’hui � oggi � heuteToday is Thursday.

travel v /"tr&vl/● voyager � viaggiare � reisenI want to travel round the world.

until conj /Vn"tIl/● jusqu’à � fino a � bisPubs in England only serve drinks until 11.00 p.m.

very adv /"veri/● très � molto � sehrHe got 100%. He’s very intelligent.

very well adv /%veri "wel/● très bien � benissimo � sehr gutYou speak English very well.

was born v /w@z "bO:n/● être né � sono/è nato � bin geborenI was born in 1987.

wear v /we@/● porter � indossare, portare � tragenDo you wear jeans at school?

wedding n /"wedIN/● mariage � matrimonio, nozze � HochzeitTheir wedding is on July 17th in the village church.

well adv /wel/● bien � bene � gutWell done, Paul!

yesterday adv /"jest@deI/● hier � ieri � gesternI worked late yesterday so I’m tired today.

yesterday evening adv /%jest@deI i:vnIN/● hier soir � ieri sera � gestern abendDid you see that programme on channel three yesterday evening?



Unit 7advertising agency n /"&dv@taIzIN %eIdZ@nsi/

● agence de publicité � agenzia pubblicitaria � WerbeagenturThe poster was designed by an advertising agency.

afraid adj /@"freId/● qui a peur � che ha paura � ängstlichI’m afraid of big dogs.

after that adv /%A:ft@ "D&t/● après cela � poi � danachI have some homework to do, but after that we can go to the cinema.

agree v /@"gri:/● être d’accord � essere d’accordo � zustimmen, einverstanden seinI almost always agree with Susan. We like the same things.

army n /"A:mi/● armée � esercito � ArmeeHe was in the army in World War II.

at night adv /@t "naIt/● le soir, la nuit � di sera, di notte � nachtsMy parents make me come home before 11 o’clock at night.

bath n /bA:T/● bain � bagno � BadI want to have a bath and wash my hair before I go out.

become v /bI"kVm/● devenir � diventare � werdenMichael wants to become a pilot.

begin v /bI"gIn/● commencer � cominciare � anfangen, beginnenWhat time does the film begin?

birthday n /"b3:TdeI/● anniversaire � compleanno � GeburtstagWhat did you buy Ursula for her birthday?

bomb v /bQm/● bombarder � bombardare � bombardierenThe city was bombed in 1942, so the buildings are quite modern.

build v /bIld/● construire � costruire � bauenThey’re building a new house.

businessman n /"bIznIsm&n/● homme d’affaires � uomo d’affari � GeschäftsmannThe businessman went to New York for a meeting.

capital n /"k&pItl/● capitale � capitale � HauptstadtParis is the capital of France.

car crash n /"kA: %kr&S/● accident de voiture � incidente d’auto � AutounfallFortunately, no one died in the car crash.

century n /"sentS@ri/● siècle � secolo � JahrhundertWe live in the 21st century.

chemistry n /"kemIstri/● chimie � chimica � ChemieI’m studying chemistry and biology at school.

child n /tSaIld/● enfant � bambino, bambina � KindShe has a two-year-old child.

Christmas n /"krIsm@s/● Noël � Natale � WeihnachtenChristmas Day is on December 25th.

Congratulations! /k@n%gr&tSU"leISnz/● Félicitations! � Congratulazioni! � Herzlichen Glückwunsch!A baby girl? Congratulations!

cotton field n /"kQtn %fi:ld/● champ de coton � campo/piantagione di cotone � BaumwollfeldMy great-grandfather worked in the cotton fields when he was young.

create v /kri"eIt/● créer � creare, fare � schaffen, machenThe new shopping centre will create thousands of new jobs.

die v /daI/● mourir � morire � sterbenThousands of people die of cancer each year.

earn v /3:n/● gagner � guadagnare � verdienenI earn £19,000 a year in my job.

Easter Day n /"i:st@ %deI/● jour de Pâques � giorno di Pasqua � OstersonntagShe had three chocolate eggs on Easter Day.

education n /edZU"keISn/● éducation, études � istruzione � (Hoch)schulbildung, BildungHe had an expensive education at a private school.

end v /end/● finir, se terminer � finire � endenI’ll go to bed when this film ends.

Euro n /"jU@r@U/● euro � Euro � EuroThe Euro is used all over Europe.

event n /I"vent/● événement � avvenimento � Ereignis, VeranstaltungThe Olympics is an international sporting event.

everybody pron /"evrIbQdi/● tout le monde � tutti � alleWe’ll start the meeting when everybody is here.

farm n /fA:m/● ferme � fattoria � (Bauern)hofI lived on a farm as a child but moved to the city to go to university.

farmer n /"fA:m@/● fermier, agriculteur � agricoltore, agricoltrice � Landwirt(in),Bauer/BäuerinThe farmer has 400 pigs.

fight v /faIt/● combattre, se battre � combattere, litigare � kämpfenDid your grandfather fight in the war?

finally adv /"faIn@li/● enfin, finalement � finalmente � schliesslich, endlichThe passengers waited 45 minutes before the train finally left.

first (… next) adv /f3:st/● d’abord, en premier � prima � als erstes, zuerstFirst, do the Maths exercise; then check it again.

funeral n /"fju:n@r@l/● enterrement � funerale � BeerdigungMy grandmother died on Wednesday and the funeral was on Friday.

great grandparents n pl /%greIt "gr&ndpe@r@nts/● arrière-grands-parents � bisnonni � UrgrosselternMy great grandparents died before I was born.

grocer n /"gr@Us@/● épicier � negoziante di alimentari � Lebensmittelhändler(in)The grocer in my street sells, bread, milk etc.

grow v /gr@U/● (faire) pousser � coltivare � züchtenI want to grow roses in the garden this year.

Hallowe’en n /%h&l@U"i:n/● Halloween � vigilia d’Ognissanti, Halloween � der Tag vorAllerheiligen, HalloweenDo your children wear costumes at Hallowe’en?

happen v /"h&pn/● arriver, se passer, se produire � succedere � passieren, geschehenHow did the accident happen?

hate v /heIt/● détester, haïr � odiare, detestare � hassenI hate bad traffic.

have a holiday v /%h&v @ "hQl@deI/● prendre des vacances � fare una vacanza � Urlaub habenWe’re having a three-week holiday in August.

horse n /hO:s/● cheval � cavallo � PferdThe cowboy had a black horse.

immediately adv /I"mi:dI@tli/● tout de suite, immédiatement � immediatamente, subito � sofortIf there’s a problem, call me immediately.

important adj /Im"pO:t@nt/● important � importante � wichtigThe President is an important person.



independence n /IndI"pend@ns/● indépendance � indipendenza � UnabhängigkeitMost teenagers want some independence from their parents.

iron adj /"aI@n/● fer � di ferro � EisenThe doctor gave the woman iron supplements.

kiss v /kIs/● embrasser � baciare � küssenHe kissed her at the end of the film.

later adv /"leIt@/● plus tard � più tardi � späterI can’t talk right now. I’ll call you later.

leader n /"li:d@/● chef, dirigeant � capo, leader � (An)führer(in)He’s the leader of the Democrats.

leave v /li:v/● quitter � lasciare, finire � verlassen, weggehenI’ll leave school when I’m 18.

life n /laIf/● vie � vita � LebenShe was 90 when she died, so she had a long life.

little (money) adj /"lItl/● un peu de � un po’ di � wenigCould I borrow a little money to buy a postcard?

look v /lUk/● regarder � guardare � gucken, sehenLook at that picture. Isn’t it fantastic?

lose v /lu:z/● perdre � perdere � verlierenI hope we don’t lose the game.

lucky adj /"lVki/● qui a de la chance � fortunato � Glück habenThey won the lottery. They’re so lucky!

marry v /"m&ri/● épouser, se marier avec � sposarsi con, sposare � heiratenI want to marry my boyfriend.

midnight n /"mIdnaIt/● minuit � mezzanotte � MitternachtThe party will finish at midnight.

million n /"mIlj@n/● million � milione � MillionA million people live in this city.

moon n /mu:n/● lune � luna � MondNeil Armstrong walked on the moon.

Mother’s Day n /"mVD@z %deI/● la fête des Mères � la Festa della Mamma � MuttertagTomorrow is Mother’s Day. Will you buy your mum some flowers?

need v /ni:d/● avoir besoin de � aver bisogno di � brauchenI need some milk for my coffee.

New Year’s Eve n /%nju: %jI@z "i:v/● la Saint-Sylvestre � capodanno � Silvester(abend)Did you go to a party on New Year’s Eve?

nineties n pl /"naIntiz/● années quatre-vingt-dix � anni novanta � neunziger JahreOasis were a popular rock group in the nineties.

own v /@Un/● posséder � possedere � besitzenMy parents only own one car.

personality n /%p3:s@"n&l@ti/● personnalité, caractère � personalità � Charakter, PersönlichkeitMarie isn’t very beautiful, but she has a great personality.

poem n /"p@UIm/● poème � poesia � GedichtMy boyfriend wrote me a poem for Valentine’s Day.

politician n /%pQl@"tISn/● homme/femme politique � politico, politica � Politiker(in)My father is a politician. He works in the government.

politics n /"pQl@tIks/● politique � politica � PolitikKarl Marx wrote about politics.

present (= birthday) n /"preznt/● cadeau � regalo � GeschenkDid you buy Jo a birthday present?

president n /"prezId@nt/● président � presidente � Präsident(in)Abraham Lincoln was the President of the United States.

prime minister n /%praIm "mInIst@/● Premier ministre � primo ministro � Premierminister(in)In Britain, the prime minister is the most important person in thegovernment.

problem n /"prQbl@m/● problème � problema � ProblemHave you talked to your doctor about this problem?

read v /ri:d/● lire � leggere � lesenI like to read a book on the train when I come home from work.

remember v /rI"memb@/● se souvenir de, se rappeler � ricordarsi di, ricordare � sich erinnern an, sich merkenMy grandmother can remember when she was a child.

resign v /"rIzaIn/● démissionner � dare le dimissioni � zurücktretenI’m going to resign from my job. I hate it.

Same to you. /"seIm t@ "ju:/● Toi/Vous aussi. � Altrettanto a te. � Gleichfalls.‘Happy Christmas.’ ‘Same to you.’

sit v /sIt/● s’asseoir, être assis � sedersi, essere seduto � sitzenI’m very tired. I need to sit down.

slave n /sleIv/● esclave � schiavo, schiava � Sklave/SklavinMany rich Americans had slaves before the Civil War.

sleep v /sli:p/● dormir � dormire � schlafenI didn’t sleep very well last night.

soldier n /"s@UldZ@/● soldat � soldato � Soldat(in)Thousands of soldiers died in the war.

strong adj /strQN/● solide, fort � forte, robusto � stark, stabilDon’t fight him! He’s very strong.

study v /"stVdi/● étudier � studiare � lernen, studierenDid you study a lot for your exam?

subject (school) n /"sVbdZekt/● matière � materia � FachGeography is my favourite subject.

sure adj /SU@/, /SO:/● sûr � sicuro � sicherAre you sure the answer’s correct?

survive v /s@"vaIv/● survivre à, réchapper de � sopravvivere � überlebenNo one survived the bomb.

tear (= cry) n /tI@/● larme � lacrima � TräneShe had tears in her eyes when she said goodbye.

terrorist n /"ter@rist/● terroriste � terrorista � Terrorist(in)The terrorists put a bomb on the plane.

Thank goodness! /"T&Nk "gUdn@s/● Dieu merci! � Grazie al cielo! � Gott sei Dank!You’re OK! Thank goodness!

Thanksgiving n /T&Nks"gIvIN/● aux États-Unis, jour d’actions de grâce � In USA, festa delringraziamento � amerikanisches ErntedankfestThanksgiving is an American festival.



theatre n /"TI@t@/● théâtre � teatro � TheaterI saw ‘Romeo and Juliet’ at the theatre.

tobacco n /t@"b&k@U/● tabac � tabacco � TabakCigarettes are made with tobacco.

together adv /t@"geD@/● ensemble � insieme � zusammenLet’s go to the party together. I hate arriving alone.

tomorrow adv /t@"mQr@U/● demain � domani � morgenShe’s getting married tomorrow.

twin n /twIn/● jumeau, jumelle � gemello, gemella � ZwillingJames and his sister are twins.

university n /%ju:nI"v3:s@ti/● université � università � UniversitätMy brother studies literature at the University of London.

Valentine’s Day n /"v&l@ntaInz %deI/● la Saint-Valentin � (la festa di) San Valentino � ValentinstagMy boyfriend gave me red roses on Valentine’s Day.

video n /"vIdi@U/● cassette vidéo � video � VideoWe bought a video of the film.

war n /wO:/● guerre � guerra � KriegMy grandfather fought in the First World War.

wedding day n /"wedIN %deI/● jour des noces � giorno delle nozze � Tag der HochzeitShe wore a long white dress on her wedding day.

widow n /"wId@U/● veuve � vedova � WitweMy grandmother is a widow. My grandfather died last year.

win v /wIn/● gagner � vincere � gewinnenIf we win this game, we’ll be in the final.

work hard v /%w3:k "hA:d/● travailler dur � lavorare sodo � hart arbeitenFiona worked hard on the school project.

wrong adj /rQN/● mauvais, faux � sbagliato � falschI’m sorry, that answer is wrong.

Unit 8(3 years) ago adv /@"g@U/

● il y a (trois ans) � (3 anni) fa � vor (3 Jahren)We moved to the USA three years ago.

(coffee) break n /breIk/● pause(-café) � pausa per il caffè � (Kaffee)pauseWe often take a break in the afternoon.

arthritis n /A:T"raItIs/● arthrite � artrite � ArthritisMy aunt has arthritis and can’t walk very well.

aspirin n /"&sprIn/● aspirine � aspirina � AspirinI took an aspirin for my headache.

astronaut n /"&str@nO:t/● astronaute � astronauta � Astronaut(in)Do you want to be an astronaut and travel to the moon?

banana n /b@"nA:n@/● banane � banana � BananeBananas are my favourite fruit.

best-selling adj /"best"selIN/● à succès � più venduto � meistverkauft, Erfolgs-John Grisham has written many best-selling books.

blue adj /blu:/● bleu � azzurro, blu � blauThe sea is so blue in Greece.

bottle n /"bQt@l/● bouteille � bottiglia � FlascheThe children drank two bottles of Coca-Cola.

boy n /bOI/● garçon � ragazzo � JungeThe boy’s name was Paul.

chatline n /"tS&tlaIn/● lignes de conversation multiple � chatline � ChatlineTalking on a chatline can be very expensive.

cloth n /klQT/● tissu � stoffa � StoffI’d like 3 metres of this cloth, to make a skirt.

company n /"kVmp@ni/● société � società, compagnia � Unternehmen, FirmaMy father works for a big computer company.

couple n /"kVpl/● couple � coppia � PaarThe couple have two children: one son and a daughter.

date n /deIt/● date � data � Datum‘What’s today’s date?’ ‘It’s October 26th.’

delicious adj /dI"lIS@s/● délicieux � squisito � köstlich, leckerSarah, this cake is delicious!

drug n /drVg/● drogue, médicaments � droga, medicina � DrogeThe doctor gave me some drugs to fight the infection.

e-mail n /"I:meIl/● e-mail � e-mail � E-MailI checked my e-mail on her computer.

exam n /Ig"z&m/● examen � esame � Klausur, Prüfung, ExamenI have to study for an exam this evening.

face n /feIs/● visage, figure � faccia � GesichtLara has a beautiful face. She could be a model.

face to face /"feIs t@ "feIs/● face à face � a quattr’occhi � Auge in Auge, von Angesicht zu AngesichtI prefer to talk face to face than on the phone.

fashionable adj /"f&Sn@bl/● à la mode � di moda � modern, modischI buy my clothes at the most fashionable shop in town.

fax n /f&ks/● télécopie, fax � fax � FaxLeave the fax on my desk.

fisherman n /"fIS@m@n/● pêcheur � pescatore � FischerThe fisherman went to sea in his boat.

funny adj /"fVni/● drôle � divertente, buffo � lustig, witzigThe comedian wasn’t particularly funny.

get engaged v /%get In"geIdZd/● se fiancer � fidanzarsi � sich verlobenWe got engaged on Valentine’s Day. It was very romantic.

get married v /%get "m&rId/● se marier � sposarsi � heiratenWe’re planning to get married in church.

good luck! /%gUd "lVk/● bonne chance! � in bocca al lupo � viel Glück!‘I’m starting a new job on Monday.’ ‘Good luck!’

green adj /gri:n/● vert � verde � grünThe trees are green in spring.

(be) in a hurry /%In @ "hVri/● (être) pressé � (avere) fretta � in EileI’m in a hurry. I’m late.

incredible adj /In"kred@bl/● incroyable � incredibile � unglaublich‘Did you watch that documentary on TV?’‘Yes, what an incredible story!’



Internet n /"Int@net/● Internet � Internet � InternetI bought the CD on the Internet.

invention n /In"venSn/● invention � invenzione � ErfindungThe telephone was a fantastic invention.

jeans n pl /dZi:nz/● jean � jeans � JeansI love your jeans, Jess! Where did you get them?

joke n /dZ@Uk/● blague � barzelletta � WitzThat wasn’t a very funny joke, Yasmine.

leg n /leg/● jambe, patte � gamba, zampa � BeinI broke my leg skiing.

mouth n /maUT/● bouche � bocca � MundDon’t talk with food in your mouth.

nervous adj /"n3:v@s/● anxieux, tendu � apprensivo, ansiosa � nervös, ängstlichI was quite nervous before my exam.

nowadays adv /"naU@deIz/● de nos jours � oggigiorno � heute, heutzutageAlmost everyone has a television nowadays.

painkiller n /"peInkIl@/● analgésique � analgesico � SchmerzmittelThe doctor gave me a painkiller and sent me home.

philosopher n /fI"los@f@/● philosophe � filosofo, filosofa � Philosoph(in)Descartes was a famous philosopher.

phone call n /"f@Un %kO:l/● coup de téléphone � telefonata � (Telefon)anrufIf I miss your phone call, will you leave me a message?

produce v /pr@"dju:s/● produire � produrre � herstellen, produzierenThey produce a lot of wine in Australia.

public holiday n /"pVblIk "hQl@deI/● jour férié � giorno festivo � gesetzlicher FeiertagNew Year’s Day is a public holiday in most countries.

recipe n /"res@pi/● recette � ricetta � RezeptThis cake is delicious. Can you give me the recipe?

record (for music) n /"rekO:d/● disque � disco � SchallplatteI’m sure she has every Elvis Presley record.

ride v /raId/● rouler/monter à � andare in � fahrenI learnt to ride a bicycle when I was 11 years old.

rose n /r@Uz/● rose � rosa � RoseI need one red rose for this vase.

send v /send/● envoyer � mandare � schickenSend me a postcard when you arrive!

term n /t3:m/● trimestre � trimestre � Trimester, HalbjahrOur term ends tomorrow and we have two weeks’ holiday.

them pron /Dem/● les, leur, eux � li, le, (a) loro � sie, ihnenDid you phone them?

throw v /Tr@U/● lancer, jeter � gettare, tirare � werfenHe can throw a ball 100 metres.

transmit v /tr&nz"mIt/● diffuser, transmettre � trasmettere � übertragenThe doctors don’t know how the virus was transmitted.

trousers n pl /"traUz@z/● pantalon � pantaloni � HoseGirls can’t wear trousers at my school.

true adj /tru:/● vrai, exact � vero, fedele � wahr, treuThe film was based on a true story.

true love n /%tru: "lVv/● grand amour � vero amore � wahre LiebeTrue love is difficult to find.

vacuum cleaner n /"v&kju:m %kli:n@/● aspirateur � aspirapolvere � StaubsaugerShe used the vacuum cleaner to clean the rug.

way n /weI/● moyen, façon � modo � Weg, Art, WeiseWhat’s the best way to learn new vocabulary?

women n pl /"wImIn/● femmes � donne � FrauenThere are many more women than men in the world.

workmen n pl /"w3:kmen/, /"w3:km@n/● ouvriers � operai � ArbeiterThe workmen worked all the night to repair the road.

workroom n /"w3:krUm/● atelier � laboratorio, stanza da lavoro � WerkstattThe jeweller has a workroom at the back of his shop.

worried adj /"wVrId/● inquiet � preoccupato � besorgtShe is really late. I’m a little worried about her.

Unit 9a bit n /@ "bIt/

● un peu � un po’ � ein bisschenIt’s a bit cold in here. Is the heating on?

all sorts n pl /"O:l "sO:ts/● toutes sortes � ogni genere, tutti i tipi � alle ArtenThey sell all sorts of things at the shop in my street.

anybody pron /"enibQdi/● personne, n’importe qui � nessuno � (irgend)jemandI didn’t know anybody at the party.

anyway adv /"eniweI/● de toute façon, en tout cas � comunque � jedenfalls, sowiesoShe isn’t beautiful but I love her anyway.

apple juice n /"&pl %dZu:s/● jus de pomme � succo di mela � ApfelsaftWould you like a glass of apple juice, Oliver?

away from adv /@"weI %fr@m/● à … de � lontano da, a distanza da � entfernt vonJanice only lives 2 minutes away from here.

bacon n /"beIk@n/● bacon � pancetta � SchinkenspeckWe often eat bacon for breakfast in Britain.

bar of chocolate n /"bA:(r) @v "tSQkl@t/● tablette de chocolat � tavoletta di cioccolato � SchokoriegelI bought a bar of chocolate on my way home from school.

beer n /bI@/● bière � birra � BierMy dad often has a beer with dinner.

birthday n /"b3:TdeI/● anniversaire � compleanno � GeburtstagMy birthday is on May 12th. I’ll be 21 years old.

biscuit n /"bIskIt/● biscuit � biscotto � KeksWould you like a biscuit with your tea?

black (coffee) adj /bl&k/● noir � nero � schwarzDo you like your coffee black or with milk?

borrow v /"bQr@U/● emprunter � prendere in prestito � leihenCould I borrow your newspaper for five minutes?

bread n /bred/● pain � pane � BrotIs there any bread? I want to make a sandwich.



carrot n /"k&r@t/● carotte � carota � Möhre, KarotteA carrot is a long, orange vegetable.

central adj /"sentr@l/● central � centrale � Mittel-, zentralThe new school is quite central.

cheese n /tSi:z/● fromage � formaggio � KäseBrie is a French cheese.

chopsticks n pl /"tSQpstIks/● baguettes � bastoncini (cinesi) � EssstäbchenWe often use chopsticks when we go to a Japanese restaurant.

cigarette n /sIg@"ret/● cigarette � sigaretta � ZigaretteHe often smokes a cigarette after dinner.

control v /k@n"tr@Ul/● contrôler, maîtriser � tenere sotto controllo � kontrollieren,beherrschenShe can’t control her class. She’s a terrible teacher.

course (of a meal) n /kO:s/● plat � portata, piatto � GangWe had chicken for our main course.

curry n /"kVri/● curry � pietanza al curry � CurryCurry is a popular Indian dish.

dangerous adj /"deIndZ@r@s/● dangereux � pericoloso � gefährlichThe police said the man was dangerous.

depend v /dI"pend/● dépendre � dipendere � abhängig seinBabies depend on their parents for everything.

dessert n /dI"z3:t/● dessert � dessert, dolce � Dessert, NachtischWould you like ice-cream for dessert?

disgusting adj /dIs"gVstIN/● dégoûtant, répugnant � schifoso � widerlich, ekelhaftWhat a disgusting meal! I can’t eat it.

environment n /In"vaIr@nm@nt/● environnement � ambiente � UmweltRecycling paper and bottles can help save the environment.

finger n /"fINg@/● doigt � dito � FingerHe cut his finger on the knife.

fish n /fIS/● poisson � pesce � Fisch(e)Fish and chips is a popular English dinner.

fizzy water n /"fIzi "wO:t@/● eau gazeuse � acqua frizzante/gassata � Wasser mit KohlensäurePerrier is fizzy water.

for example /%f@(r) Ig"zA:mpl/● par exemple � per esempio � zum BeispielI’m not good at some subjects; for example, Latin and Greek.

foreign adj /"fQrIn/● étranger � straniero � ausländisch, fremdDo you like foreign food?

fruit n /fru:t/● fruits, fruit � frutta, frutto � Obst, FrüchteI eat a lot of fruit, especially apples.

full adj /fUl/● plein, bondé � pieno � vollThe restaurant was full, so we went to a different one.

glad adj /gl&d/● content � contento � frohI’m so glad that George is better.

ham n /h&m/● jambon � prosciutto � SchinkenI often have a ham sandwich for my lunch.

herring n /"herIN/● hareng � aringa � HeringHerring is popular in Scandinavia.

history n /"hIst@ri/● histoire � storia � GeschichteMy sister studies history at university.

human adj /"hju:m@n/● humain � umano � menschlichThe police said the accident was the result of human error.

hungry adj /"hVNgri/● qui a faim � affamato, che ha fame � hungrigI’m hungry. Can I have something to eat?

land n /l&nd/● terrain, terres � terreno � LandWe own all the land from the house to the river.

main (meal) adj /meIn/● principal � principale � wichtigste(r,s), Haupt-Most people have their main meal in the evening.

meal n /mi:l/● repas � pasto � Mahlzeit, EssenBreakfast is one of the most important meals of the day.

meat n /mi:t/● viande � carne � FleischVegetarians do not eat meat.

milk n /mIlk/● lait � latte � MilchDo you take milk in your tea?

mushroom n /"mVSrUm/● champignon � fungo � PilzDo you like mushrooms on your pizza?

noodles n pl /"nu:dlz/● nouilles � tagliatelle cinesi � NudelnIt is difficult to eat noodles with chopsticks.

part (of the world) n /pA:t/● région � parte � TeilWhat part of South America are you from?

pass (= give) v /pA:s/● passer � passare � (herüber)reichenGavin, can you pass me the salt?

pasta n /p&st@/● pâtes � pasta � Nudeln, TeigwarenWhen I lived in Italy, we often had pasta for dinner.

pea n /pi:/● petit pois � pisello � ErbsePeas are my favourite vegetable.

pick up v /%pIk "Vp/● relever, prendre dans ses bras, ramasser � tirare su, prendere� aufheben, hochhebenHe picked up the chocolate and put it in his mouth.

pocket n /"pQkIt/● poche � tasca � (Hosen/Jacken)tascheIs the ticket in your pocket?

possible adj /"pQs@bl/● possible � possibile � möglichI’ll try to come as soon as possible.

potatoes n pl /p@"teIt@Uz/● pommes de terre � patate � KartoffelnChips are made from potatoes.

rice n /raIs/● riz � riso � ReisRice is often served with Indian food.

right now adv /%raIt "naU/● tout de suite, maintenant � proprio ora, subito � jetzt, zu diesemZeitpunktSorry, I can’t come right now. Perhaps this afternoon?

salt n /sO:lt/, /sQlt/● sel � sale � SalzI always put salt on my chips.

sardine n /sA:"di:n/● sardine � sardina � SardineSardines are a kind of fish.

sauce n /sO:s/● sauce � salsa, sugo � SosseWe made a tomato sauce for the pasta.



sausages n pl /"sQsIdZIz/● saucisses � salsicce � WürsteMy dad likes to have sausages with his eggs at breakfast.

shopping list n /"SQpIN %lIst/● liste des courses � lista della spesa � EinkaufszettelI usually make a shopping list before I go to the supermarket.

south n /saUT/● sud � sud � SüdenMonte Carlo is in the south of France.

still water n /"stIl "wO:t@/● eau plate � acqua naturale � Wasser ohne Kohlensäure‘Can I get you anything to drink Madam?’‘Just a glass of still water, please.’

strawberry n /"strO:b@ri/● fraise � fragola � ErdbeereWe’re having ice-cream and strawberries for dessert.

sugar n /"SUg@/● sucre � zucchero � ZuckerI don’t want any sugar in my tea, thanks.

table n /teIbl/● table � tavola, tavolo � TischCome on! The dinner is on the table.

terrible adj /"ter@bl/● terrible, affreux � terribile � furchtbar, schrecklichI’ve got a terrible headache.

toast n /t@Ust/● pain grillé � pane tostato � Toast(brot)Would you like some jam on your toast?

tomato n /t@"mA:t@U/● tomate � pomodoro � TomateI hope to grow tomatoes in my garden this year.

transport n /"tr&nspO:t/● moyen de transport � mezzo di trasporto � Transport(mittel),Verkehr(smittel)What form of transport do you prefer: bus or train?

typical adj /"tIpIkl/● typique � tipico � typischJohn is a typical British name.

vegetable n /"vedZt@bl/● légume � verdura � GemüseMy favourite vegetables are carrots.

washing-up n /%wQSIN "Vp/● vaisselle � lavare i piatti � AbwaschYou cooked so I’ll do the washing-up after dinner.

wonderful adj /"wVnd@fUl/● merveilleux � meraviglioso � wunderbarWe had wonderful weather on holiday. It was hot and sunny every day.

yoghurt n /"jQg@t/● yaourt � yogurt � JogurtYoghurt is a popular breakfast food.

Unit 10art n /A:t/

● art � arte � KunstHelen studied art at college. She painted some fantastic pictures.

blues (music) n pl /blu:z/● blues � blues � BluesJohn Lee Hooker played the blues.

bridge n /brIdZ/● pont � ponte � BrückeThey’re building a new bridge across the River Thames.

building n /"bIldIN/● bâtiment � edificio � GebäudeWhat do you think of that modern office building?

car park n /"kA: %pA:k/● parking � parcheggio � ParkplatzI left the car in the station car park.

carnival n /"kA:nIvl/● carnaval � carnevale � KarnevalRio is famous for its carnival.

castle n /"kA:sl/● château � castello � Burg, SchlossThere’s a famous castle in Windsor.

cathedral n /k@"Ti:dr@l/● cathédrale � cattedrale, duomo � KathedraleThe biggest cathedral in the world is St Peter’s in Rome.

cosmopolitan adj /%kQzm@"pQlIt@n/● cosmopolite � cosmopolitano � kosmopolitischLondon is a very cosmopolitan city.

cottage n /"kQtIdZ/● petite maison, cottage � villetta, cottage � Cottage, HäuschenThey live in a little cottage in the country.

country (not city) n /"kVntri/● campagne � campagna � LandDo you prefer the country or the city?

cousin n /"kVz@n/● cousin(e) � cugino, cugina � Cousin(e)My uncle’s son and daughter are my cousins.

cultural centre n /"kVltS@r@l %sent@/● centre culturel � centro culturale � kulturelles ZentrumNew York is the cultural centre of the USA.

dirty adj /"d3:ti/● sale � sporco � schmutzigI need to wash my clothes. They’re dirty.

empire n /"empaI@/● empire � impero � Kaiserreich, ImperiumIndia was part of the British Empire until 1947.

factory n /"f&ktri/● usine � fabbrica � FabrikThey make cars at that factory.

field n /fi:ld/● champ � campo � FeldThere are some horses in the field behind my house.

found (a university) v /faUnd/● fonder � fondare � gründenOur college was founded in 1893.

garage n /"g&rIdZ/, /"g&rA:Z/● garage � garage, box � GarageWe keep the car in the garage in winter.

garden n /"gA:dn/● jardin � giardino � GartenShe has a lovely garden full of flowers.

gateway n /"geItweI/● porte � porta � Tor(bogen)The Internet is a kind of virtual ‘gateway’ to the world.

group n /gru:p/● groupe � gruppo � GruppeU2 are a famous Irish rock group.

hedge n /hedZ/● haie � siepe � HeckeThere’s a hedge between our garden and the street.

hill n /hIl/● colline � collina � HügelYou can see the sea from the top of that hill.

hotel n /h@U"tel/● hôtel � hotel, albergo � HotelWill you stay in a hotel on your holiday?

hymn n /hIm/● hymne � inno sacro � ChoralWe sang a hymn at my grandfather’s funeral.

immigrants n pl /"ImIgr@nts/● immigrés � immigrati, immigranti � EinwandererMany immigrants prefer to live in large cities because there are more jobs.

intelligent adj /In"telIdZ@nt/● intelligent � intelligente � intelligentShe’s so intelligent. She got 98% in the exam.



library n /"laIbr@ri/● bibliothèque � biblioteca � Bibliothek, BüchereiI borrowed the book from the library.

mixture n /"mIkstS@/● mélange � miscuglio � MischungOh no! I didn’t put any sugar in the cake mixture before I cooked it.

mountain n /"maUntIn/● montagne � montagna � BergThe highest mountain in the world is Everest.

museum n /mju:"zI@m/● musée � museo � MuseumOn Ellis Island in New York there’s a museum about the first immigrants.

night club n /"naIt %klVb/● boîte (de nuit) � night club, locale notturno � Nachtklub, DiskothekI don’t like that night club. They only play techno music.

noisy adj /"nOIzi/● bruyant � rumoroso � lautThe children are so noisy. Tell them to be quiet.

orchestra n /"O:kIstr@/● orchestre � orchestra � OrchesterI played the violin in the school orchestra.

passenger n /"p&sIndZ@/● passager � passeggero, passaggera � PassagierThe passenger asked to change to a window seat.

popular adj /"pQpj@l@/● qui jouit d’une grande popularité � popolare, ammirato � beliebtHe’s a good teacher and he’s very popular with the students.

port n /pO:t/● port � porto � HafenThe ship came into the port.

pretty adj /"prIti/● joli � carino/a � hübschLara is a very pretty girl.

quiet adj /"kwaI@t/● tranquille, silencieux � zitto, silenzioso, basso � leiseThe music’s very quiet. I can’t hear it.

restaurant n /"restrQnt/● restaurant � ristorante � RestaurantWe ate in a good Chinese restaurant.

river bank n /"rIv@ %b&Nk/● rive, berge � riva del fiume � FlussuferWe sat on the river bank and threw bread to the fish.

rock group n /"rQk %gru:p/● groupe de rock � gruppo rock � RockbandHave you heard of the rock group Oasis?

safe adj /seIf/● en sécurité � al sicuro � sicherYour secret is safe with me.

ship n /Sip/● bateau, navire � nave � Schiff, BootThe Queen Mary is a famous ship.

song n /sQN/● chanson � canzone � LiedHer favourite song is ‘Imagine’ by John Lennon.

spices n pl /"spaIsIz/● épices � spezie � GewürzeThere are a lot of spices in Indian food.

stand v /st&nd/● être/se tenir debout � stare in piedi � stehenWe had to stand on the bus because it was so full.

street n /stri:t/● rue � strada, via � StrasseWhat street does Danielle live on?

tall adj /tO:l/● grand � alto � grossThe Empire State Building is very tall.

top ten adj /%tQp "ten/● les dix plus importants � i/le dieci più venduti � (die) zehn führendenThey play the week’s top ten songs on the radio on Sunday afternoons.

travel n /"tr&vl/● voyage � viaggio � ReisenI spend most of my money on travel to other countries.

the Underground n /Di "Vnd@graUnd/● le métro � la metropolitana � die U-BahnWe usually take the Underground to travel around London.

unfriendly adj /Vn"frendli/● froid, hostile � antipatico, ostile � unfreundlichWhy was Alice so unfriendly today? Is she angry with me?

village n /"vIlIdZ/● village � paese � DorfThey live in a very small village in the mountains.

wood n /wUd/● bois � bosco � WaldI love walking in the wood in autumn because the trees are so beautiful.

Unit 11baby n /"beIbi/

● bébé � neonato, bambino, bambina � BabyShe’s going to have a baby in June.

baseball cap n /"beIsbO:l %k&p/● casquette de base-ball � berretto da baseball � BaseballmützeThe teacher asked the boy to remove his baseball cap in class.

bloom v /blu:m/● éclore, fleurir � sbocciare, fiorire � blühenMany flowers bloom in spring.

boot n /bu:t/● botte � stivale � StiefelI need a pair of boots for the winter.

bright adj /braIt/● brillant � luminoso, brillante � leuchtend, hellThat light isn’t very bright. I can’t see very well.

changing rooms n pl /"tSeIndZIN %ru:mz/● cabines d’essayage � camerino, cabina di prova � Umkleidekabinen‘Can I try on these jeans?’ ‘Yes, the changing rooms are over there.’

chewing gum n /"tSu:IN %gVm/● chewing-gum � chewing-gum, gomma da masticare � KaugummiI usually have some chewing gum after I drink coffee.

choose v /tSu:z/● choisir � scegliere � (aus)wählen, aussuchenCan you help me choose a present for Lucy?

cigar n /sI"gA:/● cigare � sigaro � ZigarreMy uncle always smokes big cigars.

cry v /kraI/● pleurer � piangere � weinenOur baby’s very good, he doesn’t cry much.

dark adj /dA:k/● sombre � buio, scuro � dunkelIt was a dark night, with no moon.

dress n /dres/● robe � vestito, abito (da donna) � KleidShe wore a beautiful, long dress at her wedding.

eat v /i:t/● manger � mangiare � essenWe often eat fish and chips on a Friday night.

fair (hair) adj /fe@/● blond � biondo, chiaro � hellScandinavians often have fair hair.

fresh adj /freS/● frais � fresco � frischWe buy fresh milk each day.

good-looking adj /%gUd"lUkIN/● beau � bello, piacente � gutaussehend‘Janine’s a good-looking girl!’ ‘Yes, she’s very pretty.’



grey adj /greI/● gris � grigio, bianco � grauMary’s about 65 and her hair’s grey now.

hair n /he@/● cheveux � capelli � Haar(e)Dan has blue eyes and blond hair.

half n /hA:f/● moitié � metà � HälfteThey arrived late, so they only saw the second half of the game.

handsome adj /"h&ns@m/● beau � bellissimo � gutaussehendSally’s new husband is quite handsome.

hat n /h&t/● chapeau � cappello � HutWear your hat to keep your head warm.

jacket n /"dZ&kIt/● veste � giacca � Jacke, JackettI’m going to buy a new denim jacket.

jumper n /"dZVmp@/● pull, pull-over � maglione, maglia � PulloverIf you’re cold, put on your jumper.

musician n /mju:"zISn/● musicien � musicista � Musiker(in)I play the guitar and I want to be a musician when I grow up.

pay v /peI/● payer � pagare � bezahlenMy dad pays me to wash his car every week.

pram n /pr&m/● landau � carrozzina � KinderwagenThe young mother put the baby in the pram to take it to the park.

rainbow n /"reInb@U/● arc-en-ciel � arcobaleno � RegenbogenThere are seven colours in a rainbow.

roller skates n pl /"r@Ul@ %skeIts/● patins à roulette � pattini a rotelle � RollschuheRoller skates were popular in the 1970s, but now roller blades are morefashionable.

run v /rVn/● courir � correre � laufen, rennenI run round the park every day.

shake hands v /SeIk h&ndz/● serrer la main � stringere la mano � schüttelnThe players always shake hands at the beginning of the match.

shiny adj /"SaIni/● brillant � lucido � glänzendDo you use a special shampoo? Your hair is so shiny!

shirt n /S3:t/● chemise � camicia � (Ober)hemdHe wore a smart suit and a shirt and tie to the job interview.

shoe n /Su:/● chaussure � scarpa � SchuhMy new shoes hurt my feet!

shorts n pl /SO:ts/● short � shorts, pantaloncini � kurze HoseI prefer to wear shorts in the summer.

silly adj /"sIli/● bête, stupide � sciocco � blöd, albernThat’s a silly question, Richard. Of course I still want to marry you!

size n /saIz/● taille, pointure � misura � GrösseWhat size are your feet?

skateboard n /"skeItbO:d/● skateboard � skateboard � SkateboardTim broke his wrist when he fell off his skateboard.

skirt n /sk3:t/● jupe � gonna � RockGirls have to wear a skirt at my school.

sky n /skaI/● ciel � cielo � HimmelThere wasn’t a single cloud in the sky.

smile v /smaIl/● sourire � sorridere � lächelnPlease smile for the photo.

sports car n /"spO:ts %kA:/● voiture de sport � macchina sportiva � SportwagenFerrari is the most famous make of sports car.

starry adj /"stA:ri/● étoilé � stellato � sternklarIt was a clear and starry night.

suit n /su:t/● costume, complet � abito, completo � AnzugNigel wore a new suit to the wedding.

sunglasses n pl /"sVnglA:sIz/● lunettes de soleil � occhiali da sole � SonnenbrilleI always take my sunglasses to the beach.

T-shirt n /"ti:S3:t/● tee-shirt � maglietta � T-ShirtI usually wear T-shirts on holiday.

talk v /tO:k/● parler � parlare � redenDid you talk to your mother last night?

trainers n pl /"treIn@z/● tennis, chaussures de sport � scarpe da ginnastica � TurnschuheI didn’t have any football boots, so I wore my trainers.

try on v /%traI "Qn/● essayer � provare � anprobierenI’d like to try on these trousers, please.

umbrella n /Vm"brel@/● parapluie � ombrello � RegenschirmOh no! It’s raining and I left the umbrella in the car!

whose? pron /hu:z/● à qui ? � di chi? � wessen?‘Whose bag is this?’ ‘It’s mine.’

Unit 12accident n /"&ksId@nt/

● accident � incidente � UnfallMy sister was in a car accident at the weekend.

adventure n /@d"ventS@/● aventure � avventura � AbenteuerOur holiday in the States was quite an adventure!

amazed adj /@"meIzd/● émerveillé � sbalordito � erstauntI was amazed by the Colosseum in Rome!

blouse n /blaUz/● chemisier � camicetta � BluseEllie was wearing a black skirt and a white blouse.

championship n /"tS&mpi@nSIp/● championnat � campionato � MeisterschaftManchester United will win the championship next year.

cloudy adj /"klaUdi/● nuageux, couvert � nuvoloso � wolkig, bewölktIt’s cloudy today. I’ll take some photos tomorrow if it’s sunny.

coast n /k@Ust/● côte � costa � KüsteI often drive to the coast to go surfing.

cool adj /ku:l/● frais � fresco, freddo � kühl, kaltTake a jumper if the weather is cool.

corner n /"kO:n@/● coin � angolo � EckeThe cinema is on the corner of Vine Street and Bow Road.

degrees n pl /dI"gri:z/● degrés � gradi � GradIt’s so hot! It’s about 40 degrees!

driving school n /"draIvIN %sku:l/● auto-école � scuola guida � FahrschuleI went to a driving school to learn how to drive.



dry adj /draI/● sec � asciutto � trockenI’ve been out in the rain. I need to put some dry clothes on.

excitement n /Ik"saItm@nt/● excitation � eccitazione, emozione � Spannung, AufregungJasmine was full of excitement as she opened the present from herboyfriend.

feel sick v /%fi:l "sIk/● avoir la nausée � avere la nausea, sentirsi male � sich nicht gut/sichkrank fühlenIf you eat all the chocolate, you’ll feel sick.

float v /fl@Ut/● flotter � galleggiare � treiben, schwimmenI was tired, so I stopped swimming and floated on the water on my back.

foggy adj /"fQgi/● brumeux � nebbioso � nebligIt’s not a good idea to drive when it’s really foggy, because you can’t seewell.

forever adv /f@r"ev@/● (pour) toujours � per sempre � ewigOh, Sam, I’ll love you forever!

forget v /f@"get/● oublier � dimenticare � vergessenDon’t forget your ticket – you’ll need it to get in.

fresh air n /%freS "e@/● air frais � aria fresca, aria aperta � frische LuftI enjoy walking in the country because I love the fresh air.

full-time adj /%fUl"taIm/● à plein temps � a tempo pieno � Vollzeit-I’m a student, so I don’t have a full-time job.

garden shed n /%gA:dn "Sed/● abri de jardin � capanno � GartenhäuschenHe has a garden shed where he keeps everything he needs for the garden.

grow up v /%gr@U "Vp/● grandir, devenir adulte � diventare grande � erwachsen werdenWhen my children grow up, they will leave home.

lion n /"laI@n/● lion � leone � LöweI was afraid when we saw a lion on safari.

motor racing n /"m@Ut@ %reIsIN/● courses automobiles � corse automobilistiche � RennsportMy dad loves motor racing, especially Michael Schumacher.

parachute n /"p&r@Su:t/● parachute � paracadute � FallschirmOpen your parachute after you jump out of the plane.

pyramid n /"pIr@mId/● pyramide � piramide � PyramideThe pyramids are in Egypt.

race v /reIs/● courir, faire la course � correre � rasen, rennenThe two boys raced to the end of the street and Robert won.

racing circuit n /"reIsIN %s3:kIt/● circuit automobile � pista automobilistica � RennbahnLe Mans is France’s most famous racing circuit.

racing driver n /"reIsIN %draIv@/● coureur automobile � pilota da corsa � Rennfahrer(in)Ayrton Senna was a Formula One racing driver.

record n /"rekO:d/● record � record, primato � RekordThe world record for the 100m was broken at the Olympics.

retire v /rI"taI@/● se retirer, prendre sa retraite � ritirarsi � sich zurückziehenI’ll retire when I’m 65.

sky diving n /"skaI %daIvIN/● parachutisme en chute libre � paracadutismo in caduta libera,skydiving � FallschirmspringenSky diving is very expensive because you need a plane.

sneeze v /sni:z/● éternuer � starnutire � niesenI sneeze a lot when I have a cold.

star (TV) n /stA:/● vedette � stella, star � StarSomeday I hope to be a famous TV star.

sunbathe v /"sVnbeID/● prendre un bain de soleil � prendere il sole � sonnenbadenI sunbathe on the beach a lot in the summer.

swimming costume n /"swImIN %kQstju:m/● maillot de bain � costume da bagno � Badezeug, -anzugOh no! I’ve forgotten my swimming costume and now I can’t goswimming!

top marks n pl /"tQp "mA:ks/● la meilleure note � i voti migliori � die beste NoteI hope to get top marks in my English exam.

trouble n /"trVbl/● mal, difficultés � difficoltà � Probleme, SchwierigkeitenI’m having trouble with the car again. I think it needs to go to the garage.

tulip n /"tju:lIp/● tulipe � tulipano � TulpeThe tulip is my favourite spring flower.

view n /vju:/● vue � vista � Sicht, BlickThere’s amazing view from the top of the Empire State Building.

weather n /"weT@/● temps � tempo (atmosferico) � WetterThe weather was terrible. It rained every day.

windsurfing n /"wInds3:fIN/● planche à voile � windsurf � WindsurfingI sometimes go windsurfing on the lake.

windy adj /"wIndi/● de grand vent � ventoso � windigThe washing dried quickly because it was so windy.

Unit 13annoyed adj /@"nOId/

● en colère, agacé � seccato, irritato � ärgerlich, verärgertI will be quite annoyed if Jan and Sue are late again this evening.

arrive v /@"raIv/● arriver � arrivare � ankommenWhat time do you think the guests will arrive?

badly adv /"b&dli/● mal � male � schlechtAlicia did badly in the exam, and only got 21%.

behave v /bI"heIv/● se comporter � comportarsi � sich benehmenHe’s 18, but sometimes he behaves like a child.

behaviour n /bI"heIvI@/● comportement � comportamento � Benehmen, VerhaltenHis behaviour was very aggressive.

burglar n /"b3:gl@/● cambrioleur � ladro, ladra � EinbrecherThe burglar took my TV and video.

carefully adv /"ke@f@li/● attentivement � attentamente � sorgfältig, genauPlease drive carefully in the city.

change (= money) n /tSeIndZ/● monnaie � moneta, spiccioli � Wechselgeld, KleingeldShe gave the homeless man some change.

depart v /dI"pA:t/● partir � partire � abfahren, -fliegenThe next train to London departs in 15 minutes.

elephant n /"elIf@nt/● éléphant � elefante � ElefantAn elephant is a very big animal.



explain v /Ik"spleIn/● expliquer � spiegare � erklärenThe teacher explained the meaning of the word.

gold medal n /"g@Uld "medl/● médaille d’or � medaglia d’oro � GoldmedailleRyan is an excellent swimmer and hopes to win an Olympic gold medal someday.

grass n /grA:s/● herbe, pelouse � erba � GrasWe had a picnic on the grass in the park.

guitar n /gI"tQ:/● guitare � chitarra � GitarreI play the guitar in a rock group.

leather n /"leD@/● cuir � pelle, cuoio � LederAnnie’s new shoes are made of red leather.

marathon n /"m&r@T@n/● marathon � maratona � MarathonlaufIn a marathon you run 42 km.

migrate v /maI"greIt/● migrer � migrare � wegziehen, wegfliegenEvery winter, the birds migrate south to warmer countries.

pin v /pIn/● fixer avec une punaise, épingler � puntare con degli spilli,attaccare con una puntina � heften, mit einer Nadel befestigenThe runner pinned his number to his T-shirt.

platform n /"pl&tfO:m/● quai � binario, banchina � BahnsteigWe waited for the train on platform 6.

please v /pli:z/● plaire, faire plaisir � far piacere � gefallenI studied medicine to please my mother, who’s a doctor.

quietly adv /"kwaI@tli/● silencieusement, doucement � silenziosamente � leiseClose the door quietly so you don’t wake up the baby.

return ticket n /rI"t3:n "tIkIt/● aller retour � biglietto di andata e ritorno � RückfahrkarteI need a return ticket to Manchester, coming back on Friday.

ridiculous adj /rI"dIkj@l@s/● ridicule � ridicolo, assurdo � lächerlichHe looks ridiculous in those horrible pink trousers.

rude adj /ru:d/● impoli, mal élevé � maleducato � unhöflich, unverschämtHe’s so rude. He never says please or thank you.

sheep n /Si:p/● mouton � pecora � SchafThere are lots of cows and sheep on the farm.

shout v /SaUt/● crier � gridare � schreienMeg, please don’t shout! I can hear you!

slowly adv /"sl@Uli/● lentement � lentamente � langsamThe old woman walked slowly down the street.

station n /"steISn/● gare � stazione ferroviaria � BahnhofThe train arrives at the station at 3.00 p.m.

support (a team) v /s@"pO:t/● être supporter de � tifare per � unterstützen, sich einsetzen fürWhich football team do you support?

tell a lie v /%tel @ "laI/● raconter un mensonge � dire una bugia � eine Lüge erzählenHe told a lie and said he was working late, when really he was with anotherwoman.

timetable n /"taImteIbl/● horaire � orario � FahrplanThe timetable says our train leaves in 17 minutes.

well-behaved adj /%wel bI"heIvd/● bien dressé, élevé � che si comporta bene, bravo � wohlerzogenYour children are so well-behaved. They’re wonderful.

whistle v /"wIsl/● siffler � fischiettare � pfeifenThe postman whistled as he delivered the letters.

wolf n /wUlf/● loup � lupo � WolfWolves are dangerous animals like big dogs.

worrying adj /"wVriIN/● inquiétant � preoccupante � beunruhigend, Besorgnis erregend The news was so worrying that we couldn’t sleep.

Unit 14abroad adv /@"brO:d/

● à l’étranger � all’estero � im AuslandI worked abroad for a year in Spain.

airport n /"e@pO:t/● aéroport � aeroporto � FlughafenWhat time do you need to be at the airport to catch your plane?

ambulance driver n /"&mbj@l@ns %draIv@/● ambulancier � autista d’ambulanza � Krankenwagenfahrer(in)The ambulance driver took him to hospital as quickly as he could.

announcement n /@"naUnsm@nt/● annonce � annuncio � AnkündigungWe heard the announcement saying that our plane was late.

arrival hall n /@"raIvl %hO:l/● salon des arrivées � sala arrivi � AnkunftshalleThe girl’s parents met her in the arrival hall.

board v /bO:d/● embarquer � imbarcarsi � einsteigen We boarded the plane and sat down.

boarding pass n /"bO:dIN %pA:s/● carte d’embarquement � carta d’imbarco � BordkarteI had to show my boarding pass when I got on the plane.

boat ride n /"b@Ut %raId/● promenade en bateau � giro in barca � BootsfahrtMy cousin took me for a boat ride across the lake.

business class n /"bIzn@s %klA:s/● classe affaires � business class � BusinessclassYou pay more to fly in business class.

call n /kO:l/● appel � avviso, chiamata � AufrufThey made the final call for two late passengers before the plane left.

certificate n /s@"tIfIk@t/● certificat � certificato � Zeugnis, NachweisDid you receive a certificate when you passed your exam?

check in v /%tSek "In/● se présenter à l’enregistrement � fare il check-in � eincheckenWe need to check in early to get a good seat on the plane.

check-in desk n /"tSek In %desk/● enregistrement � accettazione bagagli, check-in� AbfertigungsschalterThere was a long queue at the check-in desk.

competition n /kQmp@"tISn/● concours, compétition � gara, concorso � WettbewerbI entered the swimming competition but I finished last!

crown n /kraUn/● couronne � corona � KroneThe Queen wears a gold crown on her head on very special occasions.

dawn n /dO:n/● aube � alba � (Morgen)dämmerungI often get up at dawn, at about 5.00 a.m.

delay v /dI"leI/● retarder � far ritardare � aufschieben, verzögernI’m afraid your flight is delayed by two hours, sir.

departures board n /dI"pA:tS@z %bO:d/● panneau des départs � tabellone delle partenze � Abflugtafel‘Do you know if our flight is on time?’‘No. We’ll have to check the departures board.’



departure lounge n /dI"pA:tS@ %laUndZ/● salle d’embarquement � sala partenze � AbflughalleWe waited in the departure lounge for two hours before they announcedwe could board the plane.

double-decker bus n /%dVbl %dek@ "bVs/● autobus à impériale � autobus a due piani � DoppeldeckerbusLondon is famous for its red double-decker buses.

dressmaker n /"dresmeIk@/● couturier, couturière � sarto, sarta � Schneider(in)My mother is a dressmaker. She makes clothes for all the rich women inour town.

engineer n /%endZI"nI@/● ingénieur � ingegnere, tecnico � IngenieurI’m studying to be an engineer. I want to design bridges in the future.

flag n /fl&g/● drapeau � bandiera � Fahne, FlaggeThe British flag is red, white and blue.

flight n /flaIt/● vol � volo � FlugWe found a cheap flight with British Airways.

gate (in an airport) n /geIt/● porte � uscita, gate � FlugsteigPlease go to gate 7 for boarding.

give up (= stop) v /%gIv "Vp/● arrêter de � smettere (di) � aufhören, aufgebenI want to give up smoking.

grandson n /"gr&nd%sVn/● petit-fils � nipote (m) (di nonni) � EnkelMy grandson Tom is my son Jeff ’s son.

heart attack n /"hA:t @%t&k/● crise cardiaque, infarctus � infarto � HerzinfarktHe died of a heart attack when he was 52.

honeymoon n /"hVnimu:n/● lune de miel � luna di miele � FlitterwochenWe’re going to Thailand on honeymoon after the wedding.

horn (on a car) n /hO:n/● klaxon � clacson � HupeThe man blew the horn to make the children get off the road.

jewels n pl /"dZu:@lz/● joyaux, bijoux � gioielli � JuwelenCartier sell jewels to the rich and famous.

jump v /dZVmp/● sauter � saltare � springenHow high can you jump?

last call n /%lA:st "kO:l/● dernier appel � ultimo avviso � letzter AufrufThis is the last call for all passengers for flight 569 to Geneva.

let (sb) down v /%let "daUn/● décevoir � deludere � im Stich lassenHe said he’d meet me there but he let me down and didn’t come.

lottery n /"lQt@ri/● loterie � lotteria � Lotterie, GlücksspielHe won £2 million on the lottery.

loud adj /laUd/● fort � forte, ad alto volume � lautWhat was that loud noise?

luggage n /"lVgIdZ/● bagages � bagagli � GepäckHow much luggage do you have, madam?

lung cancer n /"lVN %k&ns@/● cancer du poumon � cancro del polmone � LungenkrebsSmoking can give you lung cancer.

marmalade n /"mA:m@leId/● confiture d’oranges � marmellata d’arance � OrangenmarmeladeWould you like some marmalade or jam on your toast?

millionaire n /%mIlj@"ne@/● millionnaire � miliardario, miliardaria � Millionär(in)Bill Gates is a millionaire.

miss v /mIs/● manquer � perdere � verpassen I missed the TV programme because I had to work late.

niece n /ni:s/● nièce � nipote (f) (di zii) � NichteMy cousin is my mum’s niece.

now boarding /%naU "bO:dIN/● embarquement immédiat � imbarco immediato � fertig zumEinsteigenAmerican Airlines Flight 323 to Cleveland is now boarding at Gate 5.

pack (a bag) v /p&k/● faire (sa valise) � fare (la valigia) � packenI need to pack my bag before my trip tomorrow.

passport control n /"pA:spO:t k@n"tr@Ul/● contrôle des passeports � controllo passaporti � PasskontrolleAfter we checked in, we went through passport control and then tothe gate.

pipe (to smoke) n /paIp/● pipe � pipa � PfeifeSherlock Holmes smoked a pipe.

pneumonia n /nju:"m@UnI@/● pneumonie � polmonite � LungenentzündungShe had pneumonia after she was out on the mountain all night.

remind v /rI"maInd/● rappeler à � ricordare a � erinnern anPlease remind me to take my passport. I’m worried I might forget it.

rheumatic fever n /ru:"m&tIk "fi:v@/● rhumatisme articulaire aigu � febbre reumatica � rheumatisches FieberThe doctor says I’ve got rheumatic fever.

seat n /si:t/● siège, place � posto � PlatzI’d like a window seat.

secretary n /"sekr@trI/● secrétaire � segretario, segretaria � Sekretär(in)Leave a message with my secretary if I’m out.

serious adj /"sI@ri@s/● sérieux, grave � grave � ernst, schwerJames had a serious car crash last year, and now he can’t walk.

suitcase n /"su:tkeIs/● valise � valigia � KofferI needed a bigger suitcase to pack all of my clothes.

tractor n /"tr&kt@/● tracteur � trattore � Traktor, TreckerThe farmer drove the tractor down the field.

trolley n /"trQli/● chariot � carrello � (Gepäck)wagenWe put our suitcases on a trolley because they were heavy.

24Elementary Grammar ReferenceNEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION


Unit 11.1 Verb to be● Le verbe être � Il verbo be � Das Verb to be

Positive

I am I’m = I am

He He’s = He isShe is She’s = She isIt from the USA. It’s = It is

We are We’re = We areYou You’re = You areThey They’re = They are

Question

am I

heis she

Where it from?

weare you

they

I’m 20.● J’ai vingt ans. � Ho vent’anni. � Ich bin 20 Jahre alt.

I’m 20. NOT I’m 20 years.I’m 20 years old. NOT I have 20 years.

1.2 Possessive adjectives● Les adjectifs possessifs � Aggettivi possessivi� Adjektivisch gebrauchte Possessivpronomen

myyour

What’s his name?her What’s = What isitsour

This is your house.their

1.3 Question words● Les pronoms et adjectifs interrogatifs � Gli interrogativi� Fragewörter

What is your phone number?Where are you from?How are you?

1.4 a/an● L’article indéfini a/an � Gli articoli indeterminativi a/an� Die Verwendung von a/an

ticket.It’s a newspaper.

magazine.

● an s’emploie devant les voyelles a, e, i, o, u.� Si usa an davanti alle vocali a, e, i, o, u.� Vor einem Vokal, z.B. a, e, i, o, u, sagt man an.

apple.It’s an envelope.

English dictionary.

�! ● On emploie toujours a/an devant un nom de métier.� Quando si parla della mestiere di qualcuno, si usa sempre a/an.� Vor Berufsbezeichnungen verwendet man den unbestimmten

Artikel.

I’m a doctor. NOT I’m doctor.I’m a student. NOT I’m student.

1.5 Plural nouns● Le pluriel des noms � Il plurale dei sostantivi� Der Plural der Nomen1● La plupart des noms prennent un -s au pluriel.� La maggior parte dei sostantivi aggiunge -s alla forma del singolare.� Bei den meisten Nomen wird der Plural mit -s gebildet.

stampskeyscameras

2● Si le nom se termine en -s, -ss, -sh, ou -ch, il prend -es au pluriel.� Se il sostantivo termina in -s, -ss, -sh, o -ch, si aggiunge -es.� Wenn das Nomen auf -s, -ss, -sh oder -ch endet, bildet man den

Plural mit -es.

bus busesclass classeswish wishesmatch matches

3● Si le nom se termine par une consonne + -y, -y devient -ies.� Se il sostantivo termina in -y preceduta da consonante, si cambia

-y in -ies.� Wenn das Nomen auf einen Konsonanten + -y endet, wird das -y im

Plural zu -ies.

country countriesparty parties

Mais si le nom se termine par une voyelle + -y, le -y reste.Ma se il sostantivo termina in -y preceduta da vocale, la -y noncambia.Aber wenn das Nomen auf einen Vokal + -y endet, bleibt das -yunverändert.

key keysday days

4● Certains noms ont un pluriel irrégulier. En cas de doute, vérifier dans

le dictionnaire.� Alcuni sostantivi hanno un plurale irregolare. In caso di dubbio, è

meglio controllare sul dizionario.� Manche Nomen sind unregelmässig. Wenn man sich nicht sicher ist,

kann man die Pluralform in einem Wörterbuch nachschlagen.

child childrenperson peoplewoman womenman men

Grammar Reference



1.6 Numbers 1–20● Les nombres de 1 à 20 � I numeri 1–20 � Die Zahlen 1–20

1 one 11 eleven2 two 12 twelve3 three 13 thirteen4 four 14 fourteen5 five 15 fifteen6 six 16 sixteen7 seven 17 seventeen8 eight 18 eighteen9 nine 19 nineteen

10 ten 20 twenty

1.7 Prepositions● Les prépositions from et in � Le preposizioni from e in� Die Präpositionen from und in

Where are you from?I live in a house in Toluca.What’s this in English?

Unit 22.1 Verb to be● Le verbe être � Il verbo be � Das Verb to be

Questions with question words Answers

is her surname? Anderson.What is his job? He’s a policeman.

is her address? 34, Church Street.

is sheWhere are you from? Mexico.

are they

is Lara?Who

is she?She’s Patrick’s daughter.

How oldis he?

Twenty-two.are you?

How much is an ice-cream? One pound 50p.

Yes/No questions Short answers

he Yes, he is.Is she hot? No, she isn’t.

it Yes, it is.

Areyou No, I’m not./No, we aren’t.they

married?Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.

Negative

I’m not I’m = I am not NOT I amn’t

He He isn’t = He is notShe isn’t She isn’t = She is notIt from the States. It isn’t = It is not

We We aren’t = We are notYou aren’t You aren’t = You are notThey They aren’t = They are not

2.2 Possessive ’s● Le ’s marquant la possession � La ’s del caso possessivo� Der s-Genitiv

My wife’s name is Judy.That’s Andrea’s dictionary.

2.3 Numbers 21–100● Les nombres de 21 à 100 � I numeri 21–100� Die Zahlen 21–100

21 twenty-one 30 thirty22 twenty-two 31 thirty-one23 twenty-three 40 forty24 twenty-four 50 fifty25 twenty-five 60 sixty26 twenty-six 70 seventy27 twenty-seven 80 eighty28 twenty-eight 90 ninety29 twenty-nine 100 one hundred

2.4 Prepositions● Les prépositions of, for, at et in � Le preposizioni of, for, at e in� Die Präpositionen of, for, at und in

This is a photo of my family.It’s good practice for you.

I’m at home. My mother and father are at work.I’m at La Guardia Community College.

I’m in New York. I’m in a class with eight other students.I live in an apartment with two American girls.Central Park is lovely in the snow.

Unit 33.1 Present Simple he, she, it● Le présent simple: he, she, it � Il Present Simple: he, she, it� Das Present Simple mit he, she, it1● Le présent simple s’emploie pour exprimer une vérité permanente ou

quasi-permanente.� Il Present Simple si usa per parlare di fatti che sono sempre veri, o di

lunghissima durata.� Das Present Simple beschreibt eine Tatsache, die immer zutrifft oder

ein Dauerzustand ist.

He comes from Switzerland.She works in a bank.

2● Le présent simple s’emploie aussi pour les actions habituelles.� Il Present Simple esprime anche azioni abituali.� Das Present Simple drückt auch eine Gewohnheit aus.

She goes skiing in winter.He never has a holiday.

Positive

HeShe lives in Australia.It

● Have est un verbe irrégulier.� Have è un verbo irregolare.� Have ist ein unregelmässiges Verb.

She has a dog. NOT she haves

Negative

HeShe doesn’t live in France. doesn’t = does notIt



Question

heWhere does she live?

it


he in Australia? Yes, he does.Does she live No, she doesn’t.

it in France? Yes, it does.

3.2 Spelling of the third person singular● La troisième personne du singulier du présent simple� Regole ortografiche per la terza persona singolare� Die Schreibung der dritten Person Singular1● La plupart des verbes prennent un -s à la troisième personne du

singulier.� La maggior parte dei verbi aggiunge -s alla forma base.� Bei den meisten Verben wird die dritte Person Singular mit -s

gebildet.

wear wearsspeak speakslive lives

● Mais les verbes go et do sont différents. Ils prennent -es.� Ma i verbi go e do aggiungono -es.� Aber bei go und do wird die dritte Person Singular mit -es gebildet.

go goesdo does

2● Si le verbe se termine en -s, -sh, ou -ch, il prend -es.� Se il verbo termina in -s, -sh, o -ch, si aggiunge -es.� Wenn das Verb auf -s, -sh oder -ch endet, wird die dritte Person

Singular mit -es gebildet.

finish finisheswatch watches

3● Si le verbe se termine par une consonne + -y, le -y devient -ies.� Se il verbo termina in -y preceduta da consonante, si cambia -y

in -ies.� Wenn das Verb auf einen Konsonanten + -y endet, wird das -y zu -ies.

fly fliesstudy studies

● Mais si le verbe se termine par une voyelle + -y, le -y reste, il prendjuste -s.

� Ma se il verbo termina in -y preceduta da vocale, la -y non cambia. Siaggiunge soltanto -s.

� Aber wenn das Verb auf einen Vokal + -y endet, bleibt das -yunverändert und -s wird einfach angehängt.

play plays

4● Have est un verbe irrégulier.� Have è un verbo irregolare.� Have ist ein unregelmässiges Verb.

have has

3.3 Prepositions● Les prépositions in, on, from, to, for, as, by et about� Le preposizioni in, on, from, to, for, as, by e about� Die Präpositionen in, on, from, to, for, as, by und about

She lives in Switzerland.She goes skiing in her free time.In the evening we have supper.A nurse looks after people in hospital.She likes going for walks in summer.

Get on the bus.He lives on an island in the west of Scotland.

He collects the post from the boat.He delivers the beer to the pub.He drives the children to school.At ten we go to bed.He likes listening to music.He speaks to people on his radio.She’s married to an American.

There’s a letter for you.He makes breakfast for the guests.He writes for a newspaper.

He works as an undertaker.Tourists come by boat.It’s about 6.30.

Unit 44.1 Present Simple● Le présent simple � Il Present Simple � Das Present Simple

Positive

IYouWe

start

They at 6.30.

HeShe startsIt

Negative

IYouWe

don’t

They start at 6.30.

HeShe doesn’tIt

Question

Iyou

do weWhen they start?

hedoes she

it


Doyou

have a camera?No, I don’t./No, we don’t.

they Yes, they do.

he Yes, he does.Does she like Chinese food? No, she doesn’t.

it Yes, it does.



4.2 Adverbs of frequency● Adverbes de temps � Avverbi di frequenza� Häufigkeitsadverbien

0% 50% 100%

never sometimes often usually always

1● En général, les adverbes de temps précèdent le verbe.� Gli avverbi di frequenza di solito precedono il verbo.� Diese Adverbien stehen normalerweise vor dem Hauptverb.

I usually go to bed at about 11.00.I don’t often go swimming.She never eats meat.We always have wine in the evenings.I sometimes play tennis on Saturdays.

2● Sometimes et usually peuvent se trouver soit au début soit à la fin de

la phrase sans en changer le sens.� Sometimes e usually possono anche trovarsi all’inizio o alla fine della

frase. Il significato non cambia.� Sometimes und usually können auch am Anfang oder am Ende des

Satzes stehen. Die Bedeutung ändert sich nicht.

Sometimes we play cards. OR We play cards sometimes.Usually I walk to school. OR I walk to school usually.

3● Never et always ne peuvent jamais se trouver ni au début ni à la fin de

la phrase.� Never e always non possono mai trovarsi all’inizio o alla fine della

frase.� Never und always können nicht am Anfang oder am Ende des Satzes

stehen.

I never go to the theatre.NOT Never I go to the theatre.I always have tea in the morning.NOT Always I have tea in the morning.

4.3 like/love + verb + -ing● like/love + forme en -ing � like/love + forma in -ing� like/love + Verb + -ing● Quand like et love sont suivis d’un verbe, celui-ci prend le plus

souvent la forme en -ing.� Quando like e love sono seguiti da un verbo, di solito si usa la forma

in -ing.� Wenn auf like und love ein Verb folgt, steht es normalerweise in der

-ing Form.

I like cooking.She loves listening to music.They like sailing very much.

4.4 Prepositions● Les prépositions on, at et in � Le preposizioni on, at e in� Die Präpositionen on, at und in

She gets up early on weekdays.He plays football on Friday mornings.They never go out on Friday evenings.Where do you go on holiday?He lives on the next block.He hates watching football on television.

Do you relax at weekends?She gets up at six o’clock.

She gets up early in the morning.We go out in the evening.He takes photos in (the) spring.

Unit 55.1 There is/are● Il y a � There is = C’è, There are = Ci sono� Die Verwendung von There is/are = Es gibt

Positive

Thereis a sofa. (singular)

are two books. (plural)

Negative

Thereisn’t an armchair. (singular)

aren’t any flowers. (plural)


Is a table?Yes, there is.

thereNo, there isn’t.

Are any photos?Yes, there are.No, there aren’t.

5.2 How many . . . ?● Combien ...? � = Quanti? Quante? � Wie viele …?

How many books do you have?

5.3 some/any● Les adjectifs indéterminés some et any� Gli aggettivi indeterminati some e any� Die Verwendung von some und any

Positive

There are some flowers. ● some + nom au pluriel� some + sostantivo plurale� some + Nomen im Plural

Negative

There aren’t any cups. ● any + nom au pluriel� any + sostantivo plurale� any + Nomen im Plural

Question

Are there any books? ● any + nom au pluriel� any + sostantivo plurale� any + Nomen im Plural

5.4 this, that, these, those● Les adjectifs démonstratifs this, that, these, those� I dimostrativi this, that, these, those� Die Verwendung von this, that, these, those● On emploie this = ce/cette/cet et these = ces pour désigner des

personnes ou des choses qui se trouvent à proximité.� Si usano this = questo/a e these = questi/e per riferirsi a persone o

cose vicine.� Man verwendet this und these, wenn man von Menschen oder

Dingen ganz in der Nähe spricht.

I like this ice-cream. ● Cette glace dans ma main.� Questo gelato che ho in mano.� Das Eis, das ich in der Hand halte.

I want these shoes. ● Ces chaussures que je regarde.� Queste scarpe che guardo.� Die Schuhe, die ich sehe.

● On emploie that = ce/cette/cet ...-là et those = ces ...-là pour désignerdes personnes ou des choses qui se trouvent plus éloignées.



� Si usano that = quel, quello, quella e those = quei, quegli, quelle perriferirsi a persone o cose che non sono vicine.

� Man verwendet that und those, wenn man von Menschen oderDingen spricht, die weiter weg sind.

Do you like that picture on the wall?Who are those children outside?

5.5 Prepositions● Les prépositions in, at, under, on, opposite, next to, near et in

front of� Le preposizioni in, at, under, on, opposite, next to, near e in front of� Die Präpositionen in, at, under, on, opposite, next to, near und in

front ofIt’s the best home in the world.The front door is at the top of the steps.There are magazines under the table.

There is a photo on the television.There are two pictures on the wall.The cinema is on the left, opposite the flower shop.

The bank is next to the supermarket.The bus stop is near the park.There is a post box in front of the chemist’s.

Unit 66.1 can/can’t● savoir, pouvoir � Il verbo modale can/can’t� Die Verwendung von can und can’t● Can et can’t ont la même forme à toutes les personnes.

Can n’a pas de forme avec do ou does.Can est suivi de l’infinitif sans to.

� Can e can’t hanno la stessa forma per tutte le persone.Non usano mai do o does.Sono seguiti dalla forma base del verbo = infinito senza to.

� Can und can’t haben in allen Personen die gleiche Form.Do oder does wird nicht verwendet.Nach can steht der Infinitiv ohne to.

I can swim.She can’t drive.Can you speak Japanese?

could/couldn’t● ne pas savoir, ne pas pouvoir� Il verbo modale could/couldn’t� Die Verwendung von could und couldn’t● Could est le passé de can.

Could et couldn’t ont la même forme à toutes les personnes.Could est suivi de l’infinitif sans to.

� Could è il passato di can. Could e couldn’t hanno la stessa forma pertutte le persone.Sono seguiti dalla forma base del verbo = infinito senza to.

� Could ist die Vergangenheit von can. Could und couldn’t haben inallen Personen die gleiche Form.Nach could steht der Infinitiv ohne to.

Positive

IHe/She/ItWe

canswim. NOT We do can swim.

Youcould

They

Negative

IHe/She/It

can’tWe

couldn’tdance. NOT He doesn’t can dance.

YouThey

Question

Iyou

Whatcan

he/she/it do?could

wethey


you No, I can’t./No, we couldn’t.Can

shedrive?

Yes, she can/could.Could

theycook?

Yes, they can/could.

NOT Do you can drive?

6.2 was/were● Le verbe was/were � Il verbo was/were� Die Verwendung von was und were● Was et were sont les formes du passé de am/is/are.� Was e were sono le forme del passato di am/is/are.� Was und were sind die Vergangenheitsformen von am/is/are.

Positive

Iwas

He/She/Itin Paris yesterday.

We in England last year.You wereThey

Negative

Iwasn’t

He/She/Itat school yesterday.

We at the party last night.You weren’tThey

Question

wasI?he/she/it?

Wherewe?

were you?they?


Washe No, he wasn’t.she

at work?Yes, she was.

youat home?

Yes, I was./Yes, we were.Were

they No, they weren’t.



was born● = je suis né/e, il/elle est né/e � = sono/sei/è nato/a� bin/bist/ist geboren

wasshehe

Whereyou

born?

werethey

�! ● Pour dire où ou quand on est né, on emploie toujours was born.� Quando si parla di quando si è nato, si usa sempre was born.� Man sagt immer was born, um zu sagen, wann oder wo man

geboren ist.

I was born in Manchester in 1980. NOT I am born in 1980.

6.3 Prepositions● Les prépositions in, at, to, for et until� Le preposizioni in, at, to, for e until� Die Präpositionen in, at, to, for und until

They were in England in 1998.I was at a party.Yesterday there was a party at my house.Can I speak to you?She sells pictures for $10,000.She paints for two hours until bedtime.

Unit 77.1 Past Simple – spelling of regular verbs● Le prétérit des verbes réguliers� Il Past Simple – regole ortografiche per i verbi regolari� Das Past Simple – die Schreibung bei regelmässigen Verben1● Pour la plupart des verbes, on ajoute -ed à la forme infinitive.� La maggior parte dei verbi aggiunge -ed alla forma base.� Bei den meisten Verben wird -ed angehängt.

worked started

2● Si le verbe se termine en -e, il prend seulement -d.� Se il verbo termina in -e, si aggiunge solo -d.� Wenn das Verb auf -e endet, wird nur -d angehängt.

lived loved

3● Pour les verbes monosyllabiques finissant par une consonne précédée

d’une voyelle, on redouble cette dernière consonne et on ajoute -ed.� Se il verbo è monosillabo e termina con una vocale + una

consonante, si raddoppia la consonante.� Wenn das Verb nur aus einer Silbe besteht und auf einen Vokal und

einen Konsonanten endet, wird der Konsonant verdoppelt.

stopped planned

4● Si le verbe se termine par une consonne + -y, -y devient -ied.� Se il verbo termina in -y preceduta da consonante, si cambia

-y in -ied.� Wenn das Verb auf einen Konsonanten + -y endet, wird -y zu -ied.

studied carried

7.2 Past Simple● Le prétérit � Il Past Simple � Das Past Simple● Le prétérit sert à exprimer une action passée et accomplie.� Si usa il Past Simple per parlare di un’azione conclusa nel passato.� Das Past Simple drückt eine Handlung in der Vergangenheit aus, die

beendet ist.

I lived in Rome when I was 6. ● Je n’habite plus à Rome maintenant.� Non abito a Roma adesso.� Ich wohne jetzt nicht in Rom.

She started work when she was 8.

● Le prétérit a la même forme à toutes les personnes.� Il Past Simple ha la stessa forma per tutte le persone.� Die Form des Past Simple ist in allen Personen gleich.

Positive

IHe/She/ItWe

movedto London in 1985.

Youwent

They

Negative

● On emploie didn’t + infinitif sans to à toutes les personnes.� Si usa didn’t + forma base del verbo per tutte le persone.� Man verwendet didn’t + Infinitiv ohne to in allen Personen.

IHe/She/ItWe didn’t

moveto London.

Yougo

They

Question

● On emploie did + infinitif sans to à toutes les personnes.� Si usa did + forma base del verbo per tutte le persone.� Man verwendet did + Infinitiv ohne to in allen Personen.

IWhen you

did he/she/it go?Where we

they


you No, I didn’t./No, we didn’t.Did she

like the film? Yes, she did.

theyenjoy the party?

No, they didn’t.etc.

● La listes des verbes irréguliers se trouve à la page 38.� La lista dei verbi irregolari è a pag.38.� Eine Liste mit unregelmässigen Verben steht auf S.38.

7.3 Time expressions● Expressions de temps � Espressioni di tempo � Zeitangaben

nightSaturday

last weekmonthyear

morningyesterday afternoon

evening



7.4 Prepositions● Les prépositions about, in, of et from� Le preposizioni about, in, of e from� Die Präpositionen about, in, of und from

She thinks about her past life.She died in a car crash.He was tired of politics.People were afraid of her.Politics was the love of her life.Who is the card from?She worked from 6.00 until 10.00.

Unit 88.1 Past Simple● Le prétérit � Il Past Simple � Das Past Simple

Negative

● La forme négative du prétérit est la même à toutes les personnes.� La forma negativa del Past Simple è uguale per tutte le persone.� Die verneinte Form des Past Simple ist in allen Personen gleich.

IHe/She go outWe didn’t see Tom last night.You watch TVThey

ago● = il y a � = fa � vor

ten yearsI went to the USA two weeks ago.

a month

8.2 Time expressions● Expressions de temps � Espressioni di tempo � Zeitangaben

the twentieth century1924

inthe 1990swinter/summerthe evening/the morningSeptember

10 October

onChristmas DaySaturdaySunday evening

seven o’clockat weekends

night

8.3 Prepositions● Les prépositions on, at et of� Le preposizioni on, at e of� Die Präpositionen on, at und of

What’s on television this evening?I’m on a mobile phone.We spoke for an hour on the phone.Some people try to find love on the Internet.We didn’t laugh at his joke.There was a knock at the door.Today’s the third of April.

Unit 99.1 Count and uncount nouns● Noms dénombrables et non dénombrables� Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili� Zählbare und nicht zählbare Nomen● Les noms dénombrables désignent des choses que l’on peut compter.� I sostantivi numerabili indicano cose che si possono contare.� Manche Nomen sind zählbar. Man kann sie zählen.

a book two booksan egg six eggs

● Les noms non dénombrables désignent des choses que l’on ne peutpas compter.

� I sostantivi non numerabili indicano cose che non si possonocontare.

� Manche Nomen sind nicht zählbar. Man kann sie nicht zählen.

bread rice

● Certains noms peuvent être à la fois dénombrables et nondénombrables selon le contexte.

� Alcuni sostantivi possono essere sia numerabili che non numerabili,secondo il contesto.

� Manche Nomen sind beides, je nach dem Zusammenhang.

Do you like ice-cream? ● la glace en général� il gelato in genere� Eis allgemein

We’d like three ice-creams, please. ● trois glaces� tre gelati� drei einzelne Eistüten

9.2 would like● Le verbe would like � Il verbo would like� Die Verwendung von would like● Would a la même forme à toutes les personnes. On emploie would

like pour proposer ou demander quelque chose.� Would è uguale per tutte le persone. Si usa would like per offrire

o chiedere qualcosa in modo cortese.� Would ist in allen Personen gleich. Man verwendet would like für

Angebote und Bitten.

Positive

IYouHe/She/It ’d like a drink. ’d = wouldWeThey


youYes, please.

Would he/she/it like a biscuit?No, thank you.

they

9.3 some and any● some et any � Gli aggettivi indeterminati some e any� Die Verwendung von some und any● On emploie some, dans une phrase affirmative, avec les noms non

dénombrables et les noms au pluriel.� Si usa some nelle frasi affermative con sostantivi non numerabili e

con sostantivi plurali.� Man verwendet some in Aussagesätzen mit nicht zählbaren Nomen

und Nomen im Plural.

There issome

breadon the table.

There are oranges



● On emploie some dans les questions, pour demander ou proposerquelque chose.

� Si usa some nelle domande quando si fa una richiesta o un’offerta.� Man verwendet some in Fragesätzen, wenn man um etwas bittet oder

etwas anbietet.

Can I have some coffee, please? ● (Je sais qu’il y a du café.)� (Lo so che c’è del caffè.)� (Ich weiss, dass Kaffee da ist.)

Would you like some biscuits? ● (Je sais qu’il y a des biscuits.)� (Lo so che ci sono dei biscotti.)� (Ich weiss, dass Kekse da sind.)

● On emploie any dans les questions et les phrases négatives, avec lesnoms non dénombrables et les noms au pluriel.

� Si usa any nelle domande e nelle frasi negative con sostantivi nonnumerabili e con sostantivi plurali.

� Man verwendet any in Fragesätzen und verneinten Sätzen mit nichtzählbaren Nomen und Nomen im Plural.

Is there any water? ● (Je ne sais pas s’il y a de l’eau.)� (Non so se c’è dell’acqua.)� (Ich weiss nicht, ob es Wasser gibt.)

Does she have any children? ● (Je ne sais pas si elle a des enfants.)� (Non so se ha bambini.)� (Ich weiss nicht, ob sie Kinder hat.)

I can’t see any rice.There aren’t any people.

9.4 How much . . . ? and How many . . . ?● Combien ...?� I pronomi interrogativi How much…? e How many…?� Die Verwendung von How much…? und How many…?● On emploie How much … ? avec les noms non dénombrables.� Si usa How much = Quanto/a con sostantivi non numerabili.� Man verwendet How much … ? mit unzählbaren Nomen.

How much rice is there? There isn’t much rice.

● On emploie How many … ? avec les noms dénombrables.� Si usa How many = Quanti/e con sostantivi numerabili.� Man verwendet How many … ? mit zählbaren Nomen.

How many apples are there? There aren’t many apples.

9.5 Prepositions● Les prépositions by et with � Le preposizioni by e with� Die Präpositionen by und with

I’ve got a book by John Grisham.Help me with my homework.

Unit 1010.1 Comparative and superlative adjectives● Les adjectifs comparatifs et superlatifs� Il comparativo e il superlativo degli aggettivi� Die Steigerung der Adjektive

Adjective Comparative Superlative

● Adjectifs mono- old older the oldestsyllabiques safe safer the safest

� Aggettivi monosillabi big bigger the biggest� Einsilbige Adjektive hot hotter the hottest

● Les adjectifs qui se terminent par une voyelle suivie d’une consonneredoublent cette dernière consonne à la forme comparative etsuperlative.

� Se l’aggettivo termina con una vocale + una consonante, si raddoppiala consonante.

� Bei Adjektiven, die auf einen Vokal und einen Konsonanten enden,wird im Komparativ und Superlativ der Konsonant verdoppelt.

Adjective Comparative Superlative

● Adjectifs en -y noisy noisier the noisiest� Aggettivi terminanti in -y dirty dirtier the dirtiest� Adjektive, die auf -y

enden

● Adjectifs de deux syllabes boring more boring the mostou plus boring

� Aggettivi di due o più beautiful more the mostsillabe beautiful beautiful

� Zwei- oder mehrsilbige Adjektive

● Adjectifs irréguliers good better the best� Aggettivi irregolari bad worse the worst� Unregelmässige Adjektive far further the furthest

You’re older than me.New York is dirtier than Paris.Prague is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe.

10.2 have got and have● have got et have � have got e have� Die Verwendung von have got und have● Lorsqu’il exprime la possession, have got a le même sens que have.

have got est utilisé plus souvent dans l’anglais parlé que dans l’anglaisécrit.

� Quando si parla di possesso, have got e have hanno lo stessosignificato, ma le loro costruzioni sono diverse. Have got si usa spessonella lingua parlata e non tanto nella lingua scritta.

� Um auszudrücken, dass jemand etwas besitzt, kann man have gotoder have sagen. Have got wird oft im gesprochenen Englischverwendet, seltener im geschriebenen Englisch.

�! ● Les formes sont complètement différentes.� Le forme sono completamente diverse.� Die Formen sind ganz unterschiedlich.

have got havePositive Positive

I IYou have You haveWe a cat. WeThey got They a cat.

He a garden. He a garden.She has She hasIt It

Negative Negative

I IYou haven’t You don’tWe a dog. We a dog.They got They have

He a garage. He a garage.She hasn’t She doesn’tIt It

Questions Questions

I IHave you Do you

we any money? we any money?they got they have

he a sister? he a sister?Has she Does she

it it

How many children have they got? How many children do they have?



Short answers Short answers

Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. Yes, I do./No, I don’t.Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t. Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.

● have et have got deviennent had au passé.� Il passato di have e di have got è sempre had.� Die Vergangenheitsform von have und von have got ist had.

I had a dog but it died. NOT I had got a dog but it died.

10.3 Prepositions● Les prépositions than, from, in, of, along, over, past, up, down,

across, through et into� Le preposizioni than, from, in, of, along, over, past, up, down,

across, through e into� Die Präpositionen than, from, in, of, along, over, past, up, down,

across, through und intoThe country is quieter than the city.The house is 50 metres from the sea.Everest is the highest mountain in the world.He spends his time on the banks of the river.She came out of the garage.He drove along the road.They ran over the bridge.I walked past the pub.He walked up the hill.He ran down the hill.The boat went across the river.The cat ran through the hedge.He jumped into the lake.

Unit 1111.1 Present Continuous● Le présent progressif� Il Present Continuous� Das Present Continuous1● On emploie le présent progressif pour décrire une action qui se

déroule au moment où l’on parle.� Il Present Continuous esprime un’azione che avviene in questo

momento, o un’azione temporanea.*� Das Present Continuous beschreibt, was jetzt gerade stattfindet.

She’s wearing jeans.I’m studying English.

�! � L’uso del Present Continuous in questo caso è obbligatorio. Invecein italiano si possono usare sia il presente sia ‘stare + gerundio’.I’m reading a book. = Leggo un libro./Sto leggendo un libro.

2● On emploie aussi le présent progressif pour décrire une action qui va

se dérouler dans un futur proche. Il s’agit en général d’un projetpersonnel et définitif.

� Il Present Continuous può anche esprimere un’azione in unimmediato futuro, di solito un impegno o programma personaleprestabilito.

� Das Present Continuous kann auch beschreiben, was bald stattfindensoll. Dabei handelt es sich normalerweise um ein festes Vorhabenoder eine Abmachung.

I’m playing tennis this afternoon.Jane’s seeing her boyfriend tonight.

Positive and Negative

I am

HeShe isIt (not) going outside.

WeYou areThey

Question

am I

is he/she/itWhere

wegoing?

are youthey


Are you having a good time? Yes, we are.Is my English getting better? Yes, it is.Are they having a party? No, they aren’t.

Spelling of verb + -ing● La forme en -ing� Regole ortografiche per la forma in -ing� Die Schreibung von Verben in der ing-Form1● Pour la plupart des verbes, on ajoute -ing à l’infinitif.� La maggior parte dei verbi aggiunge -ing alla forma base.� Bei den meisten Verben wird einfach -ing angehängt.

wear wearinggo goingcook cookinghold holding

2● Si l’infinitif se termine en -e, le -e est remplacé par -ing.� Se la forma base del verbo termina in -e, si elimina -e e si aggiunge

-ing.� Wenn der Infinitiv auf -e endet, wird das -e weggelassen und dann

-ing angehängt.

write writingsmile smilingtake taking

3● Pour les verbes monosyllabiques qui se terminent par une consonne

précédée d’une voyelle, on redouble la consonne finale et on ajoute -ing.

� Se il verbo è monosillabo e termina con una vocale + unaconsonante, si raddoppia la consonante.

� Wenn ein verb nur aus einer Silbe besteht und auf einenKonsonanten endet, wird der Konsonant verdoppelt und dann -ing angehängt.

sit sittingget gettingrun running



11.2 Present Simple and Present Continuous● Le présent simple et le présent progressif� Confronto tra il Present Simple e il Present Continuous� Present Simple und Present Continuous1● Le présent simple est utilisé pour décrire des vérités permanentes ou

de longue durée.� Il Present Simple si usa per parlare di fatti che sono sempre veri, o di

lunghissima durata.� Das Present Simple beschreibt eine Tatsache, die immer zutrifft oder

ein Dauerzustand ist.

I come from Switzerland. He works in a bank.

2● Le présent progressif est utilisé pour décrire une action qui se déroule

au moment où l’on parle ou une action temporaire.� Il Present Continuous esprime un’azione che avviene in questo

momento, o un’azione temporanea.� Das Present Continuous beschreibt Aktivitäten, die gerade stattfinden,

und vorübergehende Aktivitäten.

Why are you wearing a suit? You usually wear jeans.We’re watching a lot of TV these days.

11.3 Whose + possessive pronouns● Whose + pronom possessif� Whose + i pronomi possessivi� Whose + Possessivpronomen● On emploie Whose … ? = à qui pour demander à qui appartient

quelque chose.� Si usa Whose … ? = Di chi per chiedere a chi appartiene una cosa.� Whose … ? fragt nach dem Besitz.

Subject Object Adjective Pronoun

I me my mineYou you your yoursHe him his hisShe her her hersWe us our oursThey them their theirs

mine.yours.

Whose is this book?hers.

Whose book is this? It’shis.

Whose is it?ours.theirs.

�! ● Attention! Ne pas confondre who’s = qui est? et whose = à qui est?� Attenzione a non confondere who’s = chi è? e whose = di chi è?� Vorsicht! Die beiden Wörter who’s und whose kann man leicht

verwechseln. Who’s ist die Kurzform von who is. Whose fragt nachdem Besitz.

11.4 Prepositions● Les prépositions in, to, with, for et by� Le preposizioni in, to, with, for e by� Die Präpositionen in, to, with, for und by

I read in bed.We’ve got this jumper in red.He’s talking to Mandy.There’s a girl with fair hair.I’m looking for a jumper.I always pay by credit card.

Unit 1212.1 going to● going to (futur)� going to per esprimere il futuro� Die Verwendung von going to1● On emploie going to pour exprimer des projets ou intentions futurs.� Si usa going to per esprimere progetti e intenzioni per il futuro.� Going to beschreibt die Pläne und Absichten für die Zukunft, die

jemand hat.

She’s going to be a ballet dancer when she grows up.We’re going to stay in a villa in France this summer.

2● Souvent going to et le présent progressif peuvent s’utiliser

indifféremment pour exprimer un projet ou une intention.� Sia going to che il Present Continuous esprimono progetti e intenzioni

per il futuro, spesso senza differenza di significato. Si può usareentrambi le forme.

� Oft besteht kein Unterschied zwischen going to and dem PresentContinuous, wenn man über Pläne und Absichten für die Zukunftspricht. Man kann beide Formen verwenden.

I’m seeing Peter tonight.I’m going to see Peter tonight.

3● On emploie going to lorsqu’une action va avoir lieu de façon certaine.� Si usa going to quando si vede o si sa che qualcosa succederà di sicuro.� Man verwendet going to auch, wenn man jetzt schon absehen kann,

dass etwas ganz bestimmt in der Zukunft geschehen wird.

Careful! That glass is going to fall! ● Je vois bien maintenant qu’il va tomber.

� Vedo che sta per cadere.� Ich kann jetzt sehen, dass es

bestimmt herunterfallen wird.

Positive and negative

I am

He/She/It is

We(not) going to

have a break.

You arebe at home.

They

Question

am I

is he/she/ithave a break?

Whenwe

going tobe at home?

are youthey

● Avec les verbes to go et to come, c’est le présent progressif qui estutilisé et non pas going to pour exprimer les projets futurs.

� Con i verbi to go e to come di solito si usa il Present Continuous nongoing to per esprimere progetti per il futuro.

� Mit den Verben to go and to come verwendet man normalerweise dasPresent Continuous nicht going to, wenn es um Pläne für die Zukunftgeht.

We’re going to Paris next week.Joe and Tim are coming for lunch tomorrow.



12.2 Infinitive of purpose● L’infinitif pour exprimer le but� L’infinito di scopo� Der Infinitiv zur Beschreibung des Zwecks● L’infinitif peut servir à exprimer le but ou la raison d’une action.� L’infinito può esprimere la ragione o lo scopo per cui si fa qualcosa.� Der Infinitiv kann den Zweck oder Grund beschreiben, warum

jemand etwas tut.

I’m saving my money to buy a CD player.

● = parce que je veux acheter un lecteur de CD� = perché voglio comprare un lettore di CD� = weil ich einen CD–Spieler kaufen will

We’re going to Paris to have a holiday.

● = parce que nous voulons prendre des vacances� = perché vogliamo fare una vacanza� = weil wir Urlaub machen wollen

NOTI’m saving my money for to buy a CD player.I’m saving my money for buy a CD player.

12.3 Prepositions● Les prépositions in, at, of, like et on� Le preposizioni in, at, of, like e on� Die Präpositionen in, at, of, like, und on

I’m going to Florida in a year’s time.He’s interested in flying.She’s good at singing.She was afraid of cars.What’s the weather like?What’s on TV tonight?There’s a film on Channel 4.What’s on at the cinema?

Unit 1313.1 Question forms● La forme interrogative : pronoms et adjectifs interrogatifs� Formazione delle domande � Fragen

When did Columbus discover America?Where are the Andes?Who did she marry?Who was Mother Teresa?How do you get to school?What do you have for breakfast?What happens at the end of the story?Why do you want to learn English?

How many people are there in the class?How much does she earn?How far is it to the centre?What sort of car do you have?Which newspaper do you read?

13.2 Adjectives and adverbs● Adjectifs et adverbes� Aggettivi e avverbi� Adjektive und Adverbien● Les adjectifs servent à décrire les noms.� Gli aggettivi descrivono un sostantivo.� Adjektive beschreiben Nomen.

a big doga careful driver

● Les adverbes servent à décrire les verbes.� Gli avverbi descrivono un verbo.� Adverbien beschreiben Verben.

She ran quickly.He drives too fast.

● Les adverbes réguliers se forment en ajoutant -ly à l’adjectif.� Gli avverbi regolari si formano aggiungendo -ly all’aggettivo.� Um ein regelmässiges Adverb zu bilden, hängt man -ly an das

Adjektiv an.

● Si l’adjectif se termine en -y, le -y devient -i, puis on ajoute -ly.� Se l’aggettivo termina in -y, si cambia -y in -i e si aggiunge -ly.� Wenn das Adjektiv auf -y endet, macht man aus dem -y ein i und

hängt dann -ly an.

Adjective Adverb

quick quicklybad badlycareful carefullyimmediate immediatelyeasy easily

● Certains adverbes sont irréguliers.� Alcuni avverbi sono irregolari.� Manche Adverbien sind unregelmässig.

Adjective Adverb

good wellhard hardearly earlyfast fast

13.3 Prepositions● Les prépositions about, at, of et from� Le preposizioni about, at, of e from� Die Präpositionen about, at, of und from

What’s the story about?What happens at the end of the story?The train leaves from platform 9.

Unit 1414.1 Present Perfect1

● Le Present Perfect � Il Present Perfect � Das Present Perfect● On emploie le Present Perfect pour exprimer une action qui s’est

déroulée à un moment indéterminé dans le passé. On utilise souventle Present Perfect pour parler d’expériences passées.

� Il Present Perfect si usa per esprimere un’azione avvenuta in unpassato non specificato. Si usa anche per parlare delle esperienze cheabbiamo fatto.

� Das Present Perfect bezieht sich auf eine Handlung, die irgendwann inder Vergangenheit stattgefunden hat. Man verwendet das PresentPerfect oft, um über Erlebnisse, die man früher einmal hatte, zusprechen.

She’s travelled to most parts of the world.Have you ever been in a car accident?

2● Si l’on veut dire quand ces actions ont eu lieu, l’utilisation du prétérit

est obligatoire.� Se si dice quando è successa un’azione passata, è obbligatorio usare il

Past Simple.� Wenn man sagen will, wann diese Handlungen stattfanden, muss

man das Past Simple verwenden.



She went to Russia two years ago.NOT She has been to Russia two years ago.

I was in a crash when I was 10.NOT I have been in a crash when I was 10.

3● Avec le prétérit on utilise les expressions de temps suivantes.� Con il Past Simple si usano queste espressioni di tempo.� Beachten Sie die Zeitangaben, die mit dem Past Simple verwendet

werden.

last night.yesterday.

I left in 1990.at three o’clock.on Monday.

�! ● On n’emploie jamais le Present Perfect pour des actions qui ont eulieu dans le passé et qui sont terminés.

� Attenzione! Non si usa il Present Perfect per un’azione specificaconclusa nel passato.

� Das Present Perfect wird nicht für eine in der vergangenheitabgeschlossene Handlung verwendet.

I went to school yesterday. = ● Je suis allé à l’ecole hier.� Sono andato a scuola ieri.� Ich bin gestern zur Schule gegangen.

They saw a boring film. = ● Ils ont vu un film ennuyeux.� Hanno visto un film noioso.� Sie haben einen langweiligen Film

gesehen.

Positive and negative

I I’ve been = I have beenYou

haveYou’ve been = You have been

We We’ve been = We have beenThey (not) been to the States. They’ve been = They have been

He He’s been = He has beenShe has She’s been = She has beenIt It’s been = It has been

Question

Ihave you

weWhere they been?

shehas he

it


Have you been to Russia? Yes, I have.No, I haven’t.

ever and never● ever et never � ever e never� Die Verwendung von ever und never● On emploie ever dans les questions et never dans les phrases

négatives. Remarquer la place d’ever et de never dans la phrase.� Si usa ever = mai nelle domande e never = non mai nelle frasi

negative. Si noti la loro posizione nella frase.� Man verwendet ever in Fragesätzen und never in verneinten Sätzen.

Vorsicht bei der Stellung von ever und never im Satz.

Have you ever been to Russia?I’ve never been to Russia.

14.2 yet and just● yet et just � yet e just� Die Verwendung von yet und just● On emploie just = juste dans les phrases affirmatives. On emploie yet

= pas encore dans les phrases négatives et interrogatives = déjà.� Si usa just = appena nelle frasi affermative. Si usa yet nelle frasi

negative = non ancora e nelle domande = già.� Man verwendet just in Aussagesätzen. Man verwendet yet in

verneinten Sätzen und Fragen.

Have you done your homework yet?

I haven’t done it yet. ● mais je vais le faire� ma li farò� aber ich werde sie noch machen

I have just done it. ● je viens juste de le finir il y a très peu de temps

� li ho finito guisto un attimo fa� ich bin gerade damit fertig geworden

14.3 been and gone● been et gone � been e gone� Die Verwendung von been und gone

She’s gone to Portugal. ● elle y est toujours� ed è ancora là� und sie ist immer noch dort

She’s been to Portugal. ● elle y est allée et en est revenue� c’è stata ed è tornata� früher einmal, aber jetzt ist sie wieder hier

14.4 Prepositions● Les prépositions for, by et on � Le preposizioni for, by e on� Die Präpositionen for, by und on

She works for a big company.Hamlet is a play by Shakespeare.Brad and Marilyn are on honeymoonWait for me!

36Elementary Irregular verbsNEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION


Irregular verbsBase Formbe ● être � essere � seinbecome ● devenir � diventare � werdenbegin ● commencer � cominciare � beginnenbreak ● casser � rompere � (zer) brechenbring ● amener � portare � bringenbuild ● construire � costruire � bauenbuy ● acheter � comprare � kaufencan ● pouvoir � potere � könnencatch ● attraper � prendere � fangenchoose ● choisir � scegliere � wählencome ● venir � venire � kommencost ● coûter � costare � kostencut ● couper � tagliare � schneidendo ● faire � fare � tun, machendrink ● boire � bere � trinkendrive ● conduire � guidare � fahreneat ● manger � mangiare � essenfall ● tomber � cadere � fallenfeel ● sentir � sentire � fühlenfight ● combattre � lottare � kämpfenfind ● trouver � trovare � findenfly ● voler � volare � fliegenforget ● oublier � dimenticare � vergessenget ● obtenir � ottenere, diventare, arrivare (a) � bekommengive ● donner � dare � gebengo ● aller � andare � gehengrow ● grandir, pousser � crescere � wachsenhave ● avoir � avere � habenhear ● entendre � sentire � hörenhit ● frapper � colpire � schlagenkeep ● garder � tenere � behaltenknow ● savoir � sapere, conoscere � wissen, kennenlearn ● apprendre � imparare � lernenleave ● laisser, partir � lasciare, partire � lassen, gehenlose ● perdre � perdere � verlierenmake ● faire � fare � machenmeet ● rencontrer � incontrare � (sich) treffenpay ● payer � pagare � (be) zahlenput ● mettre � mettere � tun, legen, stellenread ● lire � leggere � lesenride ● monter à cheval, aller à cheval, vélo, etc � andare (in bici, a cavallo) � reiten, fahrenrun ● courir � correre � laufensay ● dire � dire � sagensee ● voir � vedere � sehensell ● vendre � vendere � verkaufensend ● envoyer � mandare � schickenshut ● fermer � chiudere � schliessensing ● chanter � cantare � singensit ● (s’) asseoir, être assis � sedersi � sitzensleep ● dormir � dormire � schlafenspeak ● parler � parlare � sprechenspend ● dépenser, passer � spendere, passare � ausgebenstand ● se lever, être debout � stare in piedi, sopportare � stehensteal ● voler � rubare � stehlenswim ● nager � nuotare � schwimmentake ● prendre � prendere � nehmentell ● raconter � dire, raccontare � sagen, erzählenthink ● penser � pensare � denkenunderstand ● comprendre � capire � verstehenwake ● (se) réveiller � svegliare, svegliarsi � weckenwear ● porter (un habit) � indossare � tragenwin ● gagner � vincere � gewinnenwrite ● écrire � scrivere � schreiben

Past Simplewas/werebecamebeganbrokebroughtbuiltboughtcouldcaughtchosecamecostcutdiddrankdroveatefellfeltfoughtfoundflewforgotgotgavewentgrewhadheardhitkeptknewlearned/learntleftlostmademetpaidputreadroderansaidsawsoldsentshutsangsatsleptspokespentstoodstoleswamtooktoldthoughtunderstoodwokeworewonwrote

Past Principlebeenbecomebegunbrokenbroughtbuiltboughtbeen ablecaughtchosencomecostcutdonedrunkdriveneatenfallenfeltfoughtfoundflownforgotgotgivenbeen/gonegrownhadheardhitkeptknownlearned/learntleftlostmademetpaidputreadriddenrunsaidseensoldsentshutsung satsleptspokenspentstoodstolenswumtakentoldthoughtunderstoodwokenwornwonwritten

38 Elementary Verb patterns 37Elementary Grammar ReferenceNEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION


Verbs + ing

likeloveenjoy swimminghate cookingfinishstop

Verbs + to + infinitive

choosedecideforgetpromiseneedhelp

to go

hopeto work

trywantwould likewould love

Verbs + -ing or to + infinitive

beginraining/to rain

start

Modal auxiliary verbs

cancould

goshall

arrivewillwould

Verb patterns

38Elementary Phonetic symbolsNEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION


Consonants

1 /p/ as in pen /pen/

2 /b/ as in big /bIg/

3 /t/ as in tea /ti:/

4 /d/ as in do /du:/

5 /k/ as in cat /k&t/

6 /g/ as in go /g@U/

7 /f/ as in four /fO:/

8 /v/ as in very /"veri/

9 /s/ as in son /sVn/

10 /z/ as in zoo /zu:/

11 /l/ as in live /lIv/

12 /m/ as in my /maI/

13 /n/ as in near /nI@/

14 /h/ as in happy /"h&pi/

15 /r/ as in red /red/

16 /j/ as in yes /jes/

17 /w/ as in want /wQnt/

18 /T/ as in thanks /T&Nks/

19 /D/ as in the /D@/

20 /S/ as in she /Si:/

21 /Z/ as in television /"telIvIZn/

22 /tS/ as in child /tSaIld/

23 /dZ/ as in German /"dZ3:m@n/

24 /N/ as in English /"INglIS/

Phonetic symbols

Vowels

25 /i:/ as in see /si:/

26 /I/ as in his /hIz/

27 /i/ as in twenty /"twenti/

28 /e/ as in ten /ten/

29 /&/ as in stamp /st&mp/

30 /A:/ as in father /"fA:D@/

31 /Q/ as in hot /hQt/

32 /O:/ as in morning /"mO:nIN/

33 /U/ as in football /"fUtbO:l/

34 /u:/ as in you /ju:/

35 /V/ as in sun /sVn/

36 /3:/ as in learn /l3:n/

37 /@/ as in letter /"let@/

Diphthongs (two vowels together)

38 /eI/ as in name /neIm/

39 /@U/ as in no /n@U/

40 /aI/ as in my /maI/

41 /aU/ as in how /haU/

42 /OI/ as in boy /bOI/

43 /I@/ as in hear /hI@/

44 /e@/ as in where /we@/

45 /U@/ as in tour /tU@/

Documents

Elementary Study Companion - Ge · your pron /jO:/ ton, ta, tes ... NEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION © Oxford University Press