2014 Spring Elementary Chinese IIReview SheetLesson 11 1. Comparative Sentences with 1) AB+Adj. e.g. ___________________________2) AB+Adj. + //e.g. /His Chinese is a bit better than mine. _________________________________________________His Chinese is much better than mine. _______________________________________________3) Comparative sentence (indicating the difference)1000Dell__________________________________4) AB/+Adj. e.g. _________________________________________________________________________5) A/B+Adj. e.g. APrincetonHarvardB________________________________________________________________________________________2020_________________________________________________6) Comparative Sentence with e.g. is used to indicating a high degreeA: B_____________________________________________________________________________________* AB vs. ABDIFFERENCE: ___________________________________________________________________________

2. (1)Sentence-Final : change of state. e.g. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(2)Completed action ____________________________________________________________________________(ate again)

(3)Adj./Psy-V.() ____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________(miss my family)

(4)Its 11:00 p.m., and he hasnt got back home. _____________________________________________________________I have already read the text for ten times, I dont want to read it any more. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(5)(indicating earliness of the action VS )8_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________()

3. (1) Sub. Sub.1Sub.2 e.g. A.Grammatical meaning: __________________________________ _________________ B.()Grammatical meaning: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

(2) indicates small quantity (VS )e.g. ______________________________________________________Wrong: Correct:

(3) /sub.e.g. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. : indicates an anticipated event or actione.g. AB________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Adverb indicates recurrence of an actione.g. ___________________________________________________________________________* Please differentiate between and DIFFERENCE: ___________________________________________________________________________

6. Adj. /V.++ Adj. /V./e.g. A B__________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 12 1. //not at all; not even one(Emphasizing negation)e.g. (object is countable) (object is uncountable) (Topic-comment structure) (not Adj. at all)

(1) ________________________________________________________________________(2) ______________________________________________________________(3) supermarket_________________________________________________________

2. /+Verbe.g. ____________________________________________________________Wrong:

3. vs. e.g. DIFFERENCE:

1. Different Parts of Speech

2. In negation sentences

3. Use of

4. Used with time duration

___________________________

Lesson 13 1. Direction and Location Wordse.g. There-be structure: indicating the locatione.g. There is a hospital next to the library. ________________________________________________ My friend is outside the classroom. ___________________________________________________

Stative V.++location (The agent of the action is attached to the place.)I am sitting on the chair. I am lying in bed. ____________________________I am standing in the front of the classroom. _______________________________________I am sleeping in the sofa. _______________________________I live in New York. _____________________________________*Compare: I usually study in the library. ________________________________

2. The Dynamic Particle indicating experience e.g. _____________________________________Joes Shanghai_____________________________________

3. Reduplication of Verbs (=V=VV)e.g. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 141. indicating an action in progress (colloquially) (, , )e.g. ()()AB________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Attributive Verb Phrase++Noun.e.g. The Chinese class taught by Teacher LiThe person who I met yesterday bought me a bunch of flowers. __________________________________________________________________________________________This is the best class I have ever taken in NYU. __________________________________________________________________________________________

3. inquiring about the details of a past event that is known to the speaker. e.g. A B

AB___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. (1) -Still e.g. __________________________(2) +V. also, in addition to _______________________________(3) -still (the action or state remain the same regardless of the change of condition/situation denoted by the previous statements.) ____________________________________________________________(4) -or When do you want to go? Today or tomorrow? _____________________________________________(5) AB Im so busy today. Lets go tomorrow. ______________________________________________

Lesson 15 1. Times of Actions: e.g. _____________________________________________________________________ /___________________________________I have listened to the audio files for three times. ___________________________________________________________

2. Constructione.g. I just finished doing the homework. ___________________________________________________________________You wrote this character (but it was wrong). ____________________________________________________________Please move the desk next to the bed. ____________________________________________________________________Please put your cell phone into your bag. ________________________________________________________________Question: When do we use-construction? ______________________________________________________ 3. +adj./Psy-V. e.g. ______________________________*NO additional adj. modifier WRONG:

Lesson 16 1. Descriptive Complements (1) Descriptive Complements(DC) to describe the degree of an adjective e.g._______________________________________

(2)DC to describe an action e.g. Michael Phelps / Li You does very well in the exam. ____________________________________________ I get up very early. ____________________________________________

(3) DC to indicate the result of an action e.g.() ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________(I was so happy that I started to laugh.)

2. Resultative Complements: ( learn and master)e.g. ________________________________________________________, _____________

3. Directional ComplementsA. Simple directional complements1) S+V+Place Word/NP+/e.g. place word 2) S+V+/+Ne.g. ___________________________3) S+V+Simple DC+Place Word/Noune.g. ____________________________________________B. Compound directional complements1) S+V+Simple DC+Place Word/N+/e.g. If you are in the classroom and see the teacher walk in, you could say: Place Word____________________________________________2) S+V+Simple DC+/+Ne.g. ___________________

Extended meanings of some directional complements:C. indicating continuation of an action/a state which is already in progresse.g. _________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________D. V-/VO indicating the beginning of an action/statee.g. /________________________________________________________________________

4. Potential Complements (VCVCVV) or is placed between a verb and a resultative or directional complement to indicate whether the result of a certain action can possibly be realized under certain conditions.e.g. A/ B A: ______________________________? B: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

Lesson 17 1. / ( cannot be used in affirmative sentences)e.g. ____________________________________________________________________________

2. indicating an approximate numberIf the noun is NOT divisible: +MWIf the noun is divisible: 1) NOT ten or multiple of ten: MW+2) Ten or multiple of ten: (10-20) vs. (10-11)

3. Question Pronouns(/+mw) with / (all inclusive; all exclusive)e.g. ____________________________________________________ A B________________________________________________________

Lesson 18 1. Time Duration (till a past time point)e.g. / AB_________________________________________________________2. Time Duration (till now) A/ B____________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. Time Duration (routine)e.g. AB/ AB_________________________________________________________ AB______________________________________

4. Duration of non-actione.g. (till now)(till a past time point, there is no at the end of sentence) * Connotation: The speaker thinks that three days is too long for not taking shower.

A: or B________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Verb ++ Numeral +Measure word + Noun+ indicating quantity is enough:e.g. _____________________________________________________

6. V1V2 / V1++O+V2.V1: accompanying action V2: main actione.g. A_______________________________________________________

7. // in passive-voice sentences (indicating an unpleasant situation)e.g. ______________________________________

Lesson 19 1. Question Pronouns as indefinite references (Whoever, whatever, etc.)e.g. AB_________________________________________________________________________________________AB_________________________________________________________________________________________One way to check your sentence is to replace the Question Word with a regular word and see if the sentence makes sense. E.g.

2. Summary: Degree of Adjectives(The degree of Chinese is less than the English very)(The structure can also carry a negative connotation, e.g.)Adj. + Adj. + (usually should be used with negative adjectives)Adj++: *One modifier at one time. Wrong:

3. Chinese expressions of (50% off), (25% off), sth.(sth. is on sale.)

Lesson 20 1. The particle Attribute ++NAdverbial++VV/Adj.++complement

____________________________(program), ______