ElectronDatasheet(v006)

Functionaldescription

TheElectronisatinydevelopmentkitforcreatingcellular-connectedelectronicsprojectsand

products.ItcomeswithaSIMcard(Nano4FF)[1]andanaffordabledataplanforlow-bandwidth

things.Plusit'savailableformorethan100countriesworldwide!

ItalsocomeswithParticle'sdevelopmenttoolsandcloudplatformformanagingandinteracting

withyournewconnectedhardware.

U-bloxSARA-U260/U270(3Gwith2Gfallback),G350(2G),orR410M(LTECatM1)cellularmodule

STM32F205RGT6120MHzARMCortexM3microcontroller

1MBflash,128KBRAM

BQ24195powermanagementunitandbatterycharger

MAX17043fuelgauge

RGBstatusLED

30mixed-signalGPIOandadvancedperipherals

Opensourcedesign

Real-timeoperationsystem(RTOS)

FCC,CEandICcertified

[1]TheLTEmodelusesaMFF2SMDParticleSIMinsteadofaphysicalSIMcard.TheElectronLTEis

onlyavailabletoexistingenterprisecustomerswhohavedeployedanElectron2G/3Gsolutionand

wouldliketoupgradetoLTE.Itisonlyavailableintrayquantities.Newdesignsshouldusethe

BoronLTEorBSeriesB402SoM.ItcanonlybeusedintheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicoat

thistime.

OVERVIEW

FEATURES

Interfaces

TheElectroncanbepoweredviatheVIN(3.9V-12VDC)pin,theUSBMicroBconnectororaLiPo

battery.

USB

MostUSBportscansupplyonlyamaximumof500mA,buttheu-BloxGSMmoduleonthe

Electronalonecanconsumeapeakof800mAto1800mA(2G/3G)or490mA(LTE)ofcurrent

duringtransmission.Inordertocompensateofthisdeficit,onemustconnecttheLiPobatteryatall

timeswhenpoweringfromatraditionalUSBportfor2G/3G.TheElectronwillintelligentlysource

powerfromtheUSBmostofthetimeandkeepthebatterycharged.Duringpeakcurrent

requirements,theadditionalpowerwillbesourcedfromthebattery.Thisreducesthecharge-

dischargecycleloadonthebattery,thusimprovingitslongevity.

VIN

TheinputvoltagerangeonVINpinis3.9VDCto12VDC.WhenpoweringfromtheVINpinalone,

makesurethatthepowersupplyisratedat10W(forexample5VDCat2Amp).Ifthepowersource

isunabletomeetthisrequirement,you'llneedconnecttheLiPobatteryaswell.Anadditionalbulk

capacitanceof470uFto1000uFshouldbeaddedtotheVINinputwhentheLiPoBatteryis

disconnected.Theamountofcapacitancerequiredwilldependontheabilityofthepowersupply

todeliverpeakcurrentstothecellularmodem.

TheElectronLTE(ELC402,LTECat1)canbepoweredwithaslittleas550mAat5V.

LiPoBattery

WhenpoweredfromaLiPobatteryalone,thepowermanagementICswitchesofftheinternal

BLOCKDIAGRAM

POWER

regulatorandsuppliespowertothesystemdirectlyfromthebattery.Thisreducestheconduction

lossesandmaximizesbatteryruntime.ThebatteryprovidedwiththeElectronisaLithium-Ion

Polymerbatteryratedat3.7VDC1,800mAh.Youcansubstitutethisbatterywithanother3.7VLiPo

withhighercurrentrating.Remembertoneverexceedthisvoltageratingandalwayspayattention

tothepolarityoftheconnector.

Typicalcurrentconsumptionisaround180mAandupto1.8Atransientsat5VDC.Indeepsleep

mode,thequiescentcurrentis130uA(poweredfromthebatteryalone).

Li+

ThispinisinternallytiedtothepositiveterminaloftheLiPobatteryconnector.Itisintentionallyleft

unpopulated.PleasenotethatanincorrectusageofthispincanrendertheElectronunusable.

Li+pinservestwopurposes.YoucanusethispintoconnectaLiPobatterydirectlywithouthaving

touseaJSTconnectororitcanbeusedtoconnectanexternalDCpowersource(andthisiswhere

oneneedstotakeextraprecautions).WhenpoweringitfromanexternalregulatedDCsource,the

recommendedinputvoltagerangeonthispinisbetween3.6Vto4.4VDC.Makesurethatthe

supplycanhandlecurrentsofatleast2Amps.

ThisisthemostefficientwayofpoweringtheElectronsincethePMICby-passestheregulatorand

suppliespowertotheElectronviaaninternalFETleadingtolowerquiescentcurrent.

VUSB

ThispinisinternallyconnectedtoUSBsupplyrailandwilloutput5VwhentheElectronisplugged

intoanUSBport.Itisintentionallyleftunpopulated.ThispinwillNOToutputanyvoltagewhenthe

ElectronispoweredviaVINand/ortheLiPobattery.

3V3Pin

Thispinistheoutputoftheon-board3.3Vswitchingregulatorthatpowersthemicrocontrollerand

theperipherals.Thispincanbeusedasa3.3Vpowersourcewithamaxloadof800mA.3.3Vwill

alsobeavailableonthatpinwhilethedevicebeingindeepsleep.UnlikethePhotonortheCore,

thispinCANNOTbeusedasaninputtopowertheElectron.

VBAT

SupplytotheinternalRTC,backupregistersandSRAMwhen3V3isnotpresent(1.65to3.6VDC).

ThePinisinternallyconnectedto3V3supplyviaa0ohmresistor.IfyouwishtopowerVBATviaan

externalsupply,you'llneedtoremovethisresistorwithadesolderingiron.Contactusifyouwishto

requesttraysofelectronswiththisjumperdepopulated.

PoweringtheElectronwithoutabattery

ThemostforgivingwaytopowertheElectronwithoutabatteryisviatheVINinput seeVINabove.

PowermayalsobeappliedseparatelytotheLi+pinorLiPoJSTconnectorseeLi+above.

AntennaType Manufacturer MFG.Part# Gain

2G/3GPCBantenna Taoglas PC104.07.0165C 1dBi~2.39dBi

LTEflexantenna Taoglas FXUB63.07.0150C 5.00dBipeak

FCCAPPROVEDANTENNAS

PeripheralType Qty Input(I)/Output(O) FT[1]/3V3[2]

Digital 30 I/O FT/3V3

Analog(ADC) 12 I 3V3

Analog(DAC) 2 O 3V3

UART 3 I/O 3V3

SPI 2 I/O 3V3

I2S 1 I/O 3V3

I2C 1 I/O FT

CAN 2 I/O 3V3[4]

USB 1 I/O 3V3

PWM 133 O 3V3

Notes:[1]FT=5.0Vtolerantpins.AllpinsexceptA3andDACare5Vtolerant(whennotinanalog

mode).Ifusedasa5Vinputthepull-up/pull-downresistormustbedisabled.

[2]3V3=3.3Vmaxpins.

[3]PWMisavailableonD0,D1,D2,D3,B0,B1,B2,B3,A4,A5,WKP,RX,TXwithacaveat:PWMtimer

peripheralisduplicatedontwopins(A5/D2)and(A4/D3)for11totalindependentPWMoutputs.For

example:PWMmaybeusedonA5whileD2isusedasaGPIO,orD2asaPWMwhileA5isusedas

ananaloginput.HoweverA5andD2cannotbeusedasindependentlycontrolledPWMoutputsat

thesametime.

[4]Technicallythesepinsare5.0Vtolerant,butsinceyouwouldn'toperatethemwitha5.0V

transceiverit'spropertoclassifythemas3.3V.

PinD3throughD7areJTAGinterfacepins.ThesecanbeusedtoreprogramyourElectron

bootloaderoruserfirmwareimagewithstandardJTAGtoolssuchastheST-Linkv2,J-Link,R-Link,

OLIMEXARM-USB-TINI-H,andalsotheFTDI-basedParticleJTAGProgrammer.Ifyouareshorton

availablepins,youmayalsouseSWDmodewhichrequireslessconnections.

ElectronPin JTAG SWD STM32F205RGT6Pin DefaultInternal[1]

D7 JTAG_TMS SWD/SWDIO PA13 ~40kpull-up

D6 JTAG_TCK CLK/SWCLK PA14 ~40kpull-down

D5 JTAG_TDI PA15 ~40kpull-up

D4 JTAG_TDO PB3 Floating

D3 JTAG_TRST PB4 ~40kpull-up

3V3 Power

GND Ground

RST Reset

Notes:[1]DefaultstateafterresetforashortperiodoftimebeforethesepinsarerestoredtoGPIO

(ifJTAGdebuggingisnotrequired,i.e. USE_SWD_JTAG=y isnotspecifiedonthecommandline.)

PERIPHERALSANDGPIO

JTAGANDSWD

MemoryMap

Bootloader(16KB)

DCD1(16KB),storeskeys,mfginfo,systemflags,etc..

DCD2(16KB),swapareaforDCD1

EEPROMemulationbank1(16KB)

EEPROMemulationbank2(64KB)

DeviceOS(512KB)[256KBcomms+256KBhal/platform/services]

Factorybackup,OTAbackupanduserapplication(384KB)[3x128KB]

TheDCDareaofflashmemoryhasbeenmappedtoaseparateDFUmediadevicesothatwecan

incrementallyupdatetheapplicationdata.Thisallowsoneitem(say,serverpublickey)tobe

updatedwithouterasingtheotheritems.

DCDlayoutin release/stable foundhereinfirmware.

Region Offset Size

systemflags 0 32

version 32 2

deviceprivatekey 34 1216

devicepublickey 1250 384

ipconfig 1634 120

featureflags 1754 4

countrycode 1758 4

claimcode 1762 63

claimed 1825 1

ssidprefix 1826 26

devicecode 1852 6

versionstring 1858 32

dnsresolve 1890 128

reserved1 2018 64

serverpublickey 2082 768

padding 2850 2

flashmodules 2852 100

productstore 2952 24

antennaselection 2976 1

cloudtransport 2977 1

altdevicepublickey 2978 128

altdeviceprivatekey 3106 192

altserverpublickey 3298 192

altserveraddress 3490 128

deviceid 3618 12

radioflags 3630 1

modebuttonmirror 3631 32

STM32F205RGT6FLASHLAYOUTOVERVIEW

DCDLAYOUT

ledmirror 3663 96

ledtheme 3759 64

reserved2 3823 435

Note:Writing0xFFtooffset3106(DEFAULTkeyusedonElectron)willcausethedevicetore-

generateanewprivateUDP/ECCkeyonthenextboot.TCPkeysarecurrentlyunsupportedonthe

Electronbutwouldbelocatedatoffset34.Youshouldnotneedtousethisfeatureunlessyourkeys

arecorrupted.

//RegenerateAlternateKeys(Default)echo-en"\xFF">fillbyte&&dfu-util-d2b04:d00a-a1-s3106-Dfillbyte//RegenerateTCPKeys(Unsupported)echo-en"\xFF">fillbyte&&dfu-util-d2b04:d00a-a1-s34-Dfillbyte

Region StartAddress EndAddress Size

Bootloader 0x8000000 0x8004000 16KB

DCD1 0x8004000 0x8008000 16KB

DCD2 0x8008000 0x800C000 16KB

EEPROM1 0x800C000 0x8010000 16KB

EEPROM2 0x8010000 0x8020000 64KB

Before0.6.0firmware

Region StartAddress EndAddress Size

SystemPart1 0x8020000 0x8040000 128KB

SystemPart2 0x8040000 0x8060000 128KB

Application 0x8080000 0x80A0000 128KB

FactoryReset/ExtendedApplication 0x80A0000 0x80C0000 128KB

OTABackup 0x80C0000 0x80E0000 128KB

Decompressregion 0x80E0000 0x8100000 128KB

Since0.6.0firmware

Region StartAddress EndAddress Size

SystemPart2 0x8020000 0x8040000 128KB

SystemPart3 0x8040000 0x8060000 128KB

SystemPart1 0x8060000 0x8080000 128KB

Application 0x8080000 0x80A0000 128KB

FactoryReset/ExtendedApplication 0x80A0000 0x80C0000 128KB

OTABackup 0x80C0000 0x80E0000 128KB

Decompressregion 0x80E0000 0x8100000 128KB

MEMORYMAP(COMMON)

MEMORYMAP(MODULARFIRMWARE-DEFAULT)

Region StartAddress EndAddress Size

Firmware 0x8020000 0x8080000 384KB

FactoryReset 0x8080000 0x80E0000 384KB

Unused(factoryresetmodular) 0x80E0000 0x8100000 128KB

MEMORYMAP(MONOLITHICFIRMWARE-OPTIONAL)

Pinandbuttondefinition

PINMARKINGS:

Pin Description

VIN

Thispincanbeusedasaninputoroutput.Asaninput,supply5VDCto12VDCtopowertheElectron.WhentheElectronispoweredviatheUSBport,thispinwilloutputavoltageofapproximately4.8VDCduetoareversepolarityprotectionseriesSchottkydiodebetweenVUSBandVIN.Whenusedasanoutput,themaxloadonVINis1Amp.

RSTActive-lowresetinput.On-boardcircuitrycontainsa10kohmpull-upresistorbetweenRSTand3V3,and0.1uFcapacitorbetweenRSTandGND.

VBAT

SupplytotheinternalRTC,backupregistersandSRAMwhen3V3isnotpresent(1.65to3.6VDC).ThePinisinternallyconnectedto3V3supplyviaa0ohmresistor.IfyouwishtopowerVBATviaanexternalsupply,you'llneedtoremovethisresistorwithadesolderingiron.Contactusifyouwishtorequesttraysofelectronswiththisjumperdepopulated.

3V3Thispinistheoutputoftheon-boardregulator.WhenpoweringtheElectronviaVINortheUSBport,thispinwilloutputavoltageof3.3VDC.Themaxloadon3V3is800mA.ItshouldnotbeusedasaninputtopowertheElectron.

WKPActive-highwakeuppin,wakesthemodulefromsleep/standbymodes.WhennotusedasaWAKEUP,

thispincanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIO,ADCinputorPWM[1].Canbereferredtoas A7 whenusedasanADC.

DAC12-bitDigital-to-Analog(D/A)output(0-4095),referredtoas DAC or DAC1 insoftware.CanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIOorADC.Canbereferredtoas A6 whenusedasanADC.

RX PrimarilyusedasUARTRX,butcanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIOorPWM[1].

TX PrimarilyusedasUARTTX,butcanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIOorPWM[1].

D0-D7

DigitalonlyGPIO. D0,D1,D2,D3 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.

A0-A7

12-bitAnalog-to-Digital(A/D)inputs(0-4095),andalsodigitalGPIOs.A6andA7arecodeconveniencemappings,whichmeanspinsarenotactuallylabeledassuchbutyoumayusecodelikeanalogRead(A7) . A6 mapstothe DAC pinand A7 mapstothe WKP pin. A3 isalsoasecondDAC

outputusedas DAC2 or A3 insoftware. A4 and A5 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.

B0-B5

B0 and B1 aredigitalonlywhile B2,B3,B4,B5 are12-bitA/DinputsaswellasdigitalGPIOs. B0,B1,B2,B3 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.

C0-C5

DigitalonlyGPIO. C4 and C5 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.

VUSBThispinisinternallyconnectedtoUSBsupplyandwilloutput5VwhentheElectronispluggedintoanUSBport.Itisintentionallyleftunpopulated.

Li+ThispinisinternallyconnectedtothepositiveterminaloftheLiPobattery.Itisintentionallyleftunpopulated.

Notes:

[1]PWMisavailableonD0,D1,D2,D3,B0,B1,B2,B3,A4,A5,WKP,RX,TXwithacaveat:PWMtimer

peripheralisduplicatedontwopins(A5/D2)and(A4/D3)for11totalindependentPWMoutputs.For

example:PWMmaybeusedonA5whileD2isusedasaGPIO,orD2asaPWMwhileA5isusedas

ananaloginput.HoweverA5andD2cannotbeusedasindependentlycontrolledPWMoutputsat

thesametime.

PINDESCRIPTION

ChargestatusLED

State Description

ON Charginginprogress

OFF Chargingcomplete

Blinkat1Hz Faultcondition[1]

Rapidblinking Batterydisconnected[2]

Notes:

[1]Afaultconditioncanoccurduetoseveralreasons,forexample,batteryover/undervoltage,

temperaturefaultorsafetytimerfault.Youcanfindtherootcausebyreadingthefaultregisterof

thepowermanagementICinfirmware.

[2]YoucanstopthisbehaviorbyeitherpluggingintheLiPobatteryorbydisablingchargingusing

firmwarecommand: PMIC().disableCharging(); .

SystemRGBLED

ForadetailedexplanationofdifferentcolorcodesoftheRGBsystemLED,pleasetakealook here.

YoucandownloadahighresolutionpinoutdiagraminaPDFversionhere.

LEDSTATUS

PINOUTDIAGRAM

TechnicalSpecifications

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

SupplyInputVoltage VIN-MAX +17 V

SupplyOutputCurrent IIN-MAX-L 1 A

BatteryInputVoltage VLiPo +6 V

SupplyOutputCurrent I3V3-MAX-L 800 mA

StorageTemperature Tstg -30 +75 °C

ESDSusceptibilityHBM(HumanBodyMode) VESD 2 kV

[1]Stressesbeyondthoselistedunderabsolutemaximumratingsmaycausepermanentdamage

tothedevice.Thesearestressratingsonly,andfunctionaloperationofthedeviceattheseorany

otherconditionsbeyondthoseindicatedunderrecommendedoperatingconditionsisnotimplied.

Exposuretoabsolute-maximum-ratedconditionsforextendedperiodsmayaffectdevicereliability.

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

SupplyInputVoltage VVIN +3.88[1] +12 V

SupplyOutputVoltage VVIN +4.8 V

SupplyOutputVoltage V3V3 +3.3 V

LiPoBatteryVoltage VLiPo +3.6 +4.4 V

SupplyInputVoltage VVBAT +1.65 +3.6 V

SupplyInputCurrent(VBAT) IVBAT 19 uA

OperatingCurrent(uCon,CellularON) IVINavg 180 250 mA

2G/3GPeakCurrent(uCon,CellularON) IINpk 800[2] 1800[3] mA

LTEPeakCurrent(uCon,CellularON) IINpk 550 mA

OperatingCurrent(uCon,CellularOFF) IVINavg 47 50 mA

SleepCurrent(4.2VLiPo,CellularOFF) IQs 0.8 2 mA

DeepSleepCurrent(4.2VLiPo,CellularOFF) IQds 110 130 uA

OperatingTemperature Top -20 +60 °C

HumidityRangeNoncondensing,relativehumidity 95 %

Notes:

[1]Theminimuminputvoltageissoftwaredefinedwithauserselectablerangeof3.88Vto5.08Vin

80mVincrements.Outofthebox,theminimuminputvoltageissetto4.36VinorderfortheLiPo

batterytobeabletoproperlycharge.

[2]3Goperation

[3]2Goperation

ABSOLUTEMAXIMUMRATINGS[1]

RECOMMENDEDOPERATINGCONDITIONS

TheElectronisavailableinfourdifferentversions:A2Gversionbasedonu-bloxG350cellular

module,two3GversionsbasedonU260andU270modules,andaLTECatM1model(R410M-02B).

Somecountrieshavealreadystoppedsupporting2G,includingAustralia,Japan,Korea,Singapore,

andTaiwan.ThecellularcarrierusedbytheElectronnolongersupports2GinNewZealandand

Switzerland.TheG350cannotbeusedinthesecountries.

Thedifferencebetweenthe3Gversionsistheiroperatingfrequencybandwhichdiffersbasedon

thecountry.AllofthesecellularmodulesareGSMonlyanddonotsupportCDMAnetworks.Both

3Gmodelscanfallbacktousing2Ginareasthatsupport2Gandnot3G.

NotethatLTEisLTECatM1,notthestandardLTE(LTECat1)usedbyyourmobilephone.Itisalow-

powerandlow-data-ratevariationofLTEforusewithIoTdevices.

Electron3GModule CompatibleCountries

U260UnitedStates,Australia,Argentina,Brazil,Canada,Chile,Colombia,CostaRica,DominicanRepublic,ElSalvador,Guatemala,Honduras,Mexico,NewZealand,Nicaragua,Panama,Paraguay,Peru,Venezuela

U270

Austria,Bahrain,Belarus,Belgium,Bulgaria,China,Congo,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Ecuador,Egypt,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Ghana,Gibraltar,Greece,HongKong,Hungary,Iceland,India,Indonesia,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Japan,Jersey,Kenya,RepublicofKorea,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,RepublicofMacedonia,Malaysia,RepublicofMoldova,RepublicofMontenegro,Netherlands,Nigeria,Norway,Pakistan,Philippines,Poland,Portugal,Qatar,Reunion,Romania,RussianFederation,Rwanda,SaudiArabia,RepublicofSerbia,Seychelles,SierraLeone,Singapore,Slovakia,Slovenia,SouthAfrica,Spain,SriLanka,Swaziland,Sweden,Switzerland,Taiwan,UnitedRepublicofTanzania,Thailand,Turkey,Uganda,Ukraine,UnitedArabEmirates,UnitedKingdom,Uruguay,Zambia

R410M UnitedStates,Canada,Mexico

Pleasebesuretoorderaboardthatworksinthecountrywhereyouwanttodeployyourproject.

2GcellularcharacteristicsforG350,U260,andU270modules:

Parameter SARA-U260 SARA-U270 SARA-G350

Protocolstack

3GPPRelease7 3GPPRelease7 3GPPRelease99

MSClass ClassB ClassB ClassB

Bands GSM850MHzPCS1900MHzE-GSM900MHzDCS1800MHz

GSM850MHzE-GSM900MHzDCS1800MHzPCS1900MHz

PowerClass

Class4(33dBm)for850bandClass1(30dBm)for1900band

Class4(33dBm)for900bandClass1(30dBm)for1800band

Class4(33dBm)for850/900bandsClass1(30dBm)for1800/1900bands

3GcellularcharacteristicsforU260,andU270modules:

Parameter SARA-U260 SARA-U270

Protocolstack 3GPPRelease7 3GPPRelease7

UEClass ClassA ClassA

Bands BandV(850MHz)BandII(1900MHz) BandVIII(900MHz)BandI(2100MHz)

PowerClass Class3(24dBm)forallbands Class3(24dBm)forallbands

LTEcellularcharacteristicsfortheSARA-R410M-02-Bmodule

Parameter Value

Protocolstack 3GPPRelease13

RADIOSPECIFICATIONS

RAT LTECatM1Half-Duplex

LTEFDDBands Band12(700MHz)

Band17(700MHz)

Band28(700MHz)

Band13(750MHz)

Band20(800MHz)

Band26(850MHz)

Band18(850MHz)

Band5(850MHz)

Band19(850MHz)

Band8(900MHz)

Band4(1700MHz)

Band3(1800MHz)

Band2(1900MHz)

Band25(1900MHz)

Band1(2100MHz)

LTETDDbands Band39(1900MHz)

Powerclass Class3(23dBm)

ThesespecificationsarebasedontheSTM32F205RGT6datasheet,withreferencetoElectronpin

nomenclature.

Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

StandardI/Oinputlowlevelvoltage VIL -0.30.28*(V3V3-

2)+0.8V

I/OFT[1]inputlowlevelvoltage VIL -0.30.32*(V3V3-

2)+0.75V

StandardI/Oinputhighlevelvoltage VIH0.41*(V3V3-

2)+1.3V3V3+0.3 V

I/OFT[1]inputhighlevelvoltage VIH V3V3>2V0.42*(V3V3-

2)+15.5 V

VIH V3V3≤2V0.42*(V3V3-

2)+15.2 V

StandardI/OSchmitttriggervoltage

hysteresis[2]Vhys 200 mV

I/OFTSchmitttriggervoltagehysteresis[2] Vhys 5%V3V3[3] mV

Inputleakagecurrent[4] IlkgGND≤Vio≤V3V3

GPIOs±1 µA

Inputleakagecurrent[4] Ilkg RPUVio=5V,I/O

FT3 µA

Weakpull-upequivalentresistor[5] RPU Vio=GND 30 40 50 kΩ

Weakpull-downequivalentresistor[5] RPD Vio=V3V3 30 40 50 kΩ

I/Opincapacitance CIO 5 pF

DACoutputvoltage(buffersenabledbydefault)

VDAC 0.2 V3V3-0.2 V

DACoutputresistiveload(buffersenabledbydefault)

RDAC 5 kΩ

DACoutputcapacitiveload(buffersenabledbydefault)

CDAC 50 pF

Notes:

[1]FT=Five-volttolerant.InordertosustainavoltagehigherthanV 3V3+0.3theinternalpull-up/pull-

downresistorsmustbedisabled.

[2]HysteresisvoltagebetweenSchmitttriggerswitchinglevels.Basedoncharacterization,not

testedinproduction.

[3]Withaminimumof100mV.

[4]Leakagecouldbehigherthanmax.ifnegativecurrentisinjectedonadjacentpins.

[5]Pull-upandpull-downresistorsaredesignedwithatrueresistanceinserieswithswitchable

PMOS/NMOS.ThisPMOS/NMOScontributiontotheseriesresistanceisminimum(~10%order).

I/OCHARACTERISTICS

MechanicalSpecifications

Width=0.8"

Height=0.65"

Length=2.05"

Weight=10grams

TheElectroncanbemountedwith(qty2)18-pinsinglerow0.1"femaleheaders.Typicallytheseare

0.335"(8.5mm)tall,butyoumaypickatalleroneifdesired.Whenyousearchforpartsliketheseit

canbedifficulttonavigatethethousandsofpartsavailableonlinesohereareafewgoodchoices

fortheElectron:

Description MFG MFGPartNumber Distributor

18-pin0.1"(2.54mm)FemaleHeader(Tin) SullinsConnectorSolutions PPTC181LFBN-RC DigiKey

18-pin0.1"(2.54mm)FemaleHeader(Tin) 3M 929974-01-18-RK DigiKey

18-pin0.1"(2.54mm)FemaleHeader(Tin) Harwin M20-7821846 Mouser

Youmayalsouseothertypes,suchasreversemounted(bottomsideSMT)femaleheaders,low

profiletypes,etc..

TheElectroncanbemountedwith0.1"18-pinfemaleheaderreceptaclesusingthefollowingPCB

landpattern:

AnElectronpartforEAGLEcanbefoundintheParticleEAGLElibrary

DIMENSIONSANDWEIGHT

MATINGCONNECTORS

RECOMMENDEDPCBLANDPATTERN

Schematic

AlloftheElectronhardwaredesignfilesareopensourceandavailableunderaCreativeCommons

PublicLicense.TheschematicandPCBdesignsweremadeusingEAGLECAD.Youcanaccess

thesefileshere.

Note:CloneorDownloadthecompleterepositoryasaZIPfiletoavoidcorrupteddatainEaglefiles.

TheUSBdatalinesareterminatedwith22Ohmresistors.Thesedatapinsarealsoexposedvia

smallthroughholesnexttotheUSBconnectorandarelabeledD+andD-.TheVBUS(+5VDCVCC

oftheUSBport)isfedtothePMICviaa3AmpSchottkydiode(SS3P3).TheVBUSpinisalso

availableviatheunpopulatedheaderholeonthetop-rightsideoftheElectron.

TheElectronusesTI'sBQ24195asthepowermanagementandchargingunit.ThisPMIC

intelligentlysourcespowerfromeithertheVINpin,theUSBportand/ortheLiPobattery.Whenall

USB

PMIC(POWERMANAGEMENTINTEGRATEDCIRCUIT)

thepowersourcesasconnected,theunittriestosourcepowerfromtheUSBorVINasdefaultand

continuestochargetheLiPobattery.Whenthebatteryiscompletelycharged,thepoweristhen

sourcedfromUSB/VINalone.Ifthereisapowerdeficit(whichgenerallyoccursduringcellularradio

transmission),theadditionalpoweristhensourcedfromthebatteryasrequired.Theunitcanalso

seamlesslyswitchbacktothebatterywhenothersourcesofpoweraresuddenlyremoved.

TheDPdatapinoftheUSBisusedbythePMICtodetectthepresenceofaUSBpowersource.It

thenadjuststhechargecurrentandthelimitbasedonthetypeofUSBpowersourceitdetects.

ThisdoesnotalwayshappensuccessfullysincetherearealotofUSBhubsandchargersoutthere

thatdonotmeettheUSBdesignguidelines.Ifthedetectionisunsuccessful,thePMICdefaultstoa

500mAcurrentlimit.Ausercanalwaysadjusttheseparametersviasoftware.

ThemicrocontrollercommunicateswiththePMICviaanI2Cinterface(pinsPC9andPA8).This

interfaceallowsthemicrocontrollertoreadthestatusofthePMICandsetitsvariousparameters.

TheElectronusesSTMicroelectronics'sSTM32F205RGT6ARMCortexM3microcontrollerrunning

at120MHz.

MICROCONTROLLER

Theu-bloxcellularmoduletalkstothemicrocontrolleroverafull-duplexUSARTinterfaceusinga

standardsetofATcommands.TheSIM(Nano4FF)cardisdirectlyconnectedtotheu-blox.The

powertotheSIMcardisalsoprovidedbythecellularmodule.

U-BLOXCELLULARMODULE

Sinceu-bloxmodule'scommunicationinterfaceoperatesat1.8VDC,whiletheSTM32F205RGT6

microcontrolleroperatesat3.3VDC,weneedvoltagetranslatorsin-betweenthem.Thisisachieved

withtwoSN74AVC4T245non-invertingbuffers.ThedefaultstateoftheUSARTpinsissetwiththe

helpofpull-upandpull-downresistors,andtheunusedinputpinsaretiedtoGND.

Theoutput(3.8Vnet)ofthePMICisfeddirectlytotheu-bloxcellularmoduleanda3.3VDChigh

efficiencyswitchingregulator(TPS62290).This3.3VDCregulatorhelpspowerthemicrocontroller,

fuelgaugeandthebuffers.

TheElectronemploysaMAX17043fuelgaugetomonitortheLiPobatteryvoltageandit'sstateof

charge.ThemicrocontrollercommunicateswithitoveranI2Cinterface(samechannelasthe

PMIC).

BUFFERS

3.3VREGULATORANDFUELGAUGE

Layout

TheElectronusesafourlayercircuitboard.Toplayerconsistsofasignallayerfollowedbyground

(GND),3.3Vpower(3V3),andbottomsignal.

BillofMaterials

QTY Device Value Package Designator Manufacturer MFG.Part#

14 CAPACITOR0.1uF,6.3V,10%

0402

C14,C17,C18,C19,C2,C20,C21,C22,C29,C30,C31,C6,C8,C9

Fenghua 0402B104K160NT

2 CAPACITOR10nF,6.3V,10%

0402 C1,C38 Fenghua 0402B103K500NT

5 CAPACITOR10uF,6.3V,10%

0603C23,C24,C27,C40,C41

Yageo CC0603KRX5R5BB106

2 CAPACITOR12pF,6.3V,10%

0402 C33,C34 Fenghua 0402CG120J500NT

1 CAPACITOR15pF,6.3V,10%

0402 C16 Fenghua 0402CG150J500NT

2 CAPACITOR1uF,6.3V,10%

0402 C37,C39 Fenghua 0402X105K6R3NT

1 CAPACITOR1uF,25V,10%

0603 C4 Yageo CC0603KRX5R8BB105

2 CAPACITOR2.2uF,6.3V,10%

0402 C32,C35 Yageo CC0402KRX5R5BB225

2 CAPACITOR20pF,6.3V,10%

0402 C26,C28 Fenghua 0402CG200J500NT

1 CAPACITOR22uF,6.3V,10%

0603 C5 Samsung CL10A226KQ8NRNE

1 CAPACITOR220uF,6.3V,10%

2312(6032metric)

C3 AVX TAJC227K006

1 CAPACITOR4.7uF,6.3V,10%

0402 C36 Samsung CL05A475KQ5NRNC

1 CAPACITOR4.7uF,6.3V,10%

0603 C25 Yageo CC0603KRX5R5BB475

1 CAPACITOR47nF,6.3V,10%

0402 C7 Fenghua 0402B473K160NT

4 CAPACITOR47pF,6.3V,10%

0402 C10,C11,C12,C13 Fenghua 0402CG470J500NT

1 CAPACITOR68pF,6.3V,10%

0402 C15 Fenghua 0402CG680J500NT

1 CONNECTOR 2-pinSMD,2-pin,Vertical

JP4 Kaweei CW2001-02T-M01-D

1 CONNECTOR 1x181x18,0.1"pitch"

JP1 Kaweei CP25411-18G-S116A-A

1 CONNECTOR 1x181x18,0.1"pitch"

JP2 Kaweei CP25411-18G-S116B-A

1 CONNECTOR

USB-MICROB-SLOT-HOLE

X1 Kaweei CMCUSB-5BFM2G-01-D

1 CONNECTOR SMD J2 Kaweei P1163-0140R

1 CONNECTOR10mmx12.3mm

J1 Kaweei CSIM2545-06S-D

1 CRYSTAL26MHz,<±20ppm

4-SMD,5.0x3.2mm

Y2 SongJi SJSMD5026M00018F20

1 CRYSTAL32.768KHz,<±20ppm

2-SMD,1.5x3.2mm

Y1 SongJi SJFC1332K012F520P

1 DIODE 30V,3A DO-220AA U$3 Vishay SS3P3-M3/84A

2 IC-Buffer SC-70-5 U5,U6TexasInstruments

SN74LVC1G07DCKR

1IC-FuelGauge

TDFN-8 U4 Maxim MAX17043G+T

1IC-CellModule

16x26x3mm

U1 u-bloxSARA-G350SARA-U260SARA-U270

2 IC-Buffer 16-UQFN U2,U8TexasInstruments

SN74AVC4T245RSVR

1IC-Microcontroller

LQFP64 U3STMicroelectronics

STM32F205RGT6

1 IC-PMIC 24VQFN U$1TexasInstruments

BQ24195RGER

1 IC-MOSFET SC70-5 U9TexasInstruments

TPS22942DCKR

1 IC-3V3Reg 1A6-SON(2x2)

U$5TexasInstruments

TPS62291DRVR

1 INDUCTOR2.2uH,1.5A,20%

3.0mmx3.0mm

U$6 TaiyoYuden NR3015T2R2M

1 INDUCTOR 2.2uH,4A4.45mmx4.06mm

U$4 Bourns,Inc. SRP4020TA-2R2M

1 LED Blue 0603 LED1 Everlight 19-217/BHC-ZL1M2RY/3T

1 LED Red 0603 LED3 Everlight 19-217/R6C-AL1M2VY/3T

1 LED RGB4-PLCC(3.2mmx2.8mm)

LED2 CreeCLMVB-FKA-CFHEHLCBB7A363

1 RESISTOR 0R,1/16W 0201 R32 Fenghua

1 RESISTOR100k,1/16W,5%

0402 R1 Fenghua RC-02W104JT

14 RESISTOR10K,1/16W,5%

0402

R3,R8,R15,R16,R17,R19,R21,R24,R25,R27,R28,R29,R30,R31

Fenghua RC-02W103JT

1 RESISTOR150R,1/4W,1%

0603 R22 Vishay CRCW0603150RFKEAHP

1 RESISTOR1K,1/16W,5%

0603 R23 Fenghua RC-03K102JT

4 RESISTOR1K,1/16W,5%

0402 R10,R11,R12,R9 Fenghua RC-02W102JT

1 RESISTOR2.2K,1/16W,5%

0402 R4 Fenghua RC-02W222JT

2 RESISTOR22R,1/16W,1%

0402 R5,R6 Fenghua RC-02W22R0FT

1 RESISTOR330R,1/16W,1%

0402 R2 Fenghua RC-02W3300FT

2 RESISTOR4K7,1/16W,5%

0402 R13,R14 Fenghua RC-02W472JT

1 RESISTOR5.49K,1/16W,1%

0402 R18 Fenghua RC-02W5491FT

2 SWITCH 160gF3.6mmx3.1mm

MODE,RESET Haoyu TS-1185A-C

Orderinginformation

Electronsareavailablefromstore.particle.ioinsinglequantitiesin2G,and3Gversions.

ProductHandling

TheElectroncontainshighlysensitiveelectroniccircuitryandisanElectrostaticSensitiveDevice

(ESD).HandlingaElectronwithoutproperESDprotectionmaydestroyordamageitpermanently.

ProperESDhandlingandpackagingproceduresmustbeappliedthroughouttheprocessing,

handlingandoperationofanyapplicationthatincorporatesElectrons.ESDprecautionsshouldbe

implementedontheapplicationboardwheretheElectronismounted.Failuretoobservethese

precautionscanresultinseveredamagetotheElectron!

TherearethreeconnectorsontheElectronthatwillgetdamagedwithimproperusage.TheJST

connectoronthecircuitboard,whereyouplugintheLiPobattery,isverydurablebutthe

connectoronthebatteryitselfisnot.Whenunpluggingthebattery,takeextraprecautiontoNOT

pulltheconnectorusingthewires,butinsteadholdtheplugatitsbasetoavoidputtingstresson

thewires.Thiscanbetrickywithbarehands-nosepliersareyourfriendhere.

ThemicroBUSBconnectorontheelectronissolderedonthePCBwithlargesurfacepadsaswell

ascoupleofthroughholeanchorpoints.Despitethisreinforcement,itisveryeasytoripoutthe

connectoriftoomuchstressisputonintheverticaldirection.

TheU.FLantennaconnectorisnotdesignedtobeconstantlypluggedandunplugged.The

antennapinisstaticsensitiveandyoucandestroytheradiowithimproperhandling.Atinydabof

ESDPRECAUTIONS

CONNECTORS

glue(epoxy,rubbercement,liquidtapeorhotglue)ontheconnectorcanbeusedsecurelyhold

thepluginplace.

ThebreadboardprovidedwiththeElectronisspecificallydesignedtorequirelowinsertionforce.

ThismakesiteasytoplugtheElectroninandoutofthebreadboard.Ifyouendupusingadifferent

breadboard,rememberthatitmayrequiremoreforce.Inthiscase,alwaysremembertopinch-

holdyourpreciousElectronbythesides(alongtheheaderpins)whenplugging-unpluggingand

notbytheUSBconnector(don'tbethisperson).

BREADBOARDING

Defaultsettings

TheElectroncomespre-programmedwithabootloaderandauserapplicationcalledTinker.This

applicationworkswithaniOSandAndroidappalsonamedTinkerthatallowsyoutoveryeasily

toggledigitalpins,takeanaloganddigitalreadingsanddrivevariablePWMoutputs.

Thebootloaderallowsyoutoeasilyupdatetheuserapplicationviaseveraldifferentmethods,USB,

OTA,SerialY-Modem,andalsointernallyviatheFactoryResetprocedure.Allofthesemethods

havemultipletoolsassociatedwiththemaswell.

YoumayusetheonlineWebIDEParticleBuildtocode,compileandflashauserapplicationOTA

(OverTheAir).ParticleWorkbenchisafull-featureddesktopIDEforWindows,Mac,andLinux

basedonVSCodeandsupportsbothcloud-basedandlocalgcc-armcompiles.TheParticleCLI

providesacommand-lineinterfaceforcloud-basedcompilesandflashingcodeoverUSB.

Glossary

Term Definition

SMPS SwitchModePowerSupply

SIM SubscriberIdentityModule(Size:Nano4FF)

RF RadioFrequency

SMT SurfaceMountTechnology(oftenassociatedwithSMDwhichisasurfacemountdevice).

LED LightEmittingDiode

RGBLED RedgreenandblueLEDscombinedanddiffusedinonepackage.

USB UniversalSerialBus

Quiescentcurrent Currentconsumedinthedeepestsleepstate.

FT Five-tolerant;Referstoapinbeingtolerantto5V.

3V3 +3.3Volt;Theregulated+3.3Vsupplyrail.Alsousedtonoteapinisonly3.3Vtolerant.

PMIC PowerManagementIntegratedCircuit

LiPo Lithium-ionPolymerBattery

GSM GlobalSystemforMobileCommunications

CDMA CodeDivisionMultipleAccess

OTA OverTheAir;describinghowfirmwareistransferredtothedevice.

uC Microcontroller

FCCICCEWarningsandEndProductLabelingRequirements

FederalCommunicationCommissionInterferenceStatementThisequipmenthasbeentested

andfoundtocomplywiththelimitsforaClassBdigitaldevice,pursuanttoPart15oftheFCC

Rules.Theselimitsaredesignedtoprovidereasonableprotectionagainstharmfulinterferenceina

residentialinstallation.Thisequipmentgenerates,usesandcanradiateradiofrequencyenergy

and,ifnotinstalledandusedinaccordancewiththeinstructions,maycauseharmfulinterference

toradiocommunications.However,thereisnoguaranteethatinterferencewillnotoccurina

particularinstallation.Ifthisequipmentdoescauseharmfulinterferencetoradioortelevision

reception,whichcanbedeterminedbyturningtheequipmentoffandon,theuserisencouraged

totrytocorrecttheinterferencebyoneofthefollowingmeasures:

Reorientorrelocatethereceivingantenna.

Increasetheseparationbetweentheequipmentandreceiver.

Connecttheequipmentintoanoutletonacircuitdifferentfromthattowhichthereceiveris

connected.

Consultthedealeroranexperiencedradio/TVtechnicianforhelp.

FCCCaution:Anychangesormodificationsnotexpresslyapprovedbythepartyresponsiblefor

compliancecouldvoidtheuser'sauthoritytooperatethisequipment.Thisdevicecomplieswith

Part15oftheFCCRules.Operationissubjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:

1. Thisdevicemaynotcauseharmfulinterference,and

2. Thisdevicemustacceptanyinterferencereceived,includinginterferencethatmaycause

undesiredoperation.

FCCRadiationExposureStatement:ThisequipmentcomplieswithFCCradiationexposurelimits

setforthforanuncontrolledenvironment.Thistransmittermodulemustnotbeco-locatedor

operatinginconjunctionwithanyotherantennaortransmitter.ThisEndequipmentshouldbe

installedandoperatedwithaminimumdistanceof20centimetersbetweentheradiatorandyour

body.

IMPORTANTNOTE:Intheeventthattheseconditionscannotbemet(forexamplecertainlaptop

configurationsorco-locationwithanothertransmitter),thentheFCCauthorizationisnolonger

consideredvalidandtheFCCIDcannotbeusedonthefinalproduct.Inthesecircumstances,the

OEMintegratorwillberesponsibleforre-evaluatingtheendproduct(includingthetransmitter)

andobtainingaseparateFCCauthorization.

EndProductLabelingThefinalendproductmustbelabeledinavisibleareawiththefollowing:

ContainsFCCID:

XPYSARAG350(For2GElectronusingtheG350module)

XPYSARAU260(For3GElectronusingtheU260module)

XPYSARAU270(For3GElectronusingtheU270module)

XPY2AGQN4NNN(ForLTEElectronmoduleusingtheR410module)

ManualInformationtotheEndUserTheOEMintegratorhastobeawarenottoprovide

informationtotheenduserregardinghowtoinstallorremovethisRFmoduleintheuser’s

manualoftheendproductwhichintegratesthismodule.

CanadaStatementThisdevicecomplieswithIndustryCanada’slicence-exemptRSSs.Operationis

subjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:

1. Thisdevicemaynotcauseinterference;and

2. Thisdevicemustacceptanyinterference,includinginterferencethatmaycauseundesired

operationofthedevice.

LeprésentappareilestconformeauxCNRd’IndustrieCanadaapplicablesauxappareilsradio

exemptsdelicence.

L’exploitationestautoriséeauxdeuxconditionssuivantes:

1. l’appareilnedoitpasproduiredebrouillage;

2. l’utilisateurdel’appareildoitacceptertoutbrouillageradioélectriquesubi,mêmesilebrouillage

estsusceptibled’encompromettrelefonctionnement.

CautionExposure:Thisdevicemeetstheexemptionfromtheroutineevaluationlimitsinsection

2.5ofRSS102anduserscanobtainCanadianinformationonRFexposureandcompliance.Le

dispositifrépondàl'exemptiondeslimitesd'évaluationderoutinedanslasection2.5deRSS102et

lesutilisateurspeuventobtenirdesrenseignementscanadienssurl'expositionauxRFetlerespect.

Thefinalendproductmustbelabelledinavisibleareawiththefollowing:TheIndustryCanada

certificationlabelofamoduleshallbeclearlyvisibleatalltimeswheninstalledinthehostdevice,

otherwisethehostdevicemustbelabelledtodisplaytheIndustryCanadacertificationnumberof

themodule,precededbythewords“Containstransmittermodule”,ortheword“Contains”,or

similarwordingexpressingthesamemeaning,asfollows:

ContainstransmittermoduleIC:

8595A-SARAG350(For2GElectronusingtheG350module)

8595A-SARAU260(For3GElectronusingtheU260module)

8595A-SARAU270(For3GElectronusingtheU270module)

8595A-2AGQN4NNN(ForLTEElectronmoduleusingtheR410module)

ThisEndequipmentshouldbeinstalledandoperatedwithaminimumdistanceof20centimeters

betweentheradiatorandyourbody.Cetéquipementdevraitêtreinstalléetactionnéavecune

distanceminimumde20centimètresentreleradiateuretvotrecorps.

Theendusermanualshallincludeallrequiredregulatoryinformation/warningasshowninthis

manual.

Foranin-depthreviewoncertifications,pleaseclickhere.

Revisionhistory

Revision Date Author Comments

v00120-

Jan-2016

MB Initialrelease

v00224-

March-2016

MBAdded:Memorymap,DAClimits,SIMcardsize,SWDpinlocations.Updated:Powersection,pindiagram,blockdiagram,operatingconditions.

v00312-

Sept-2016

BWErrorinCellularoffoperatingcurrent,changedfrom2-15mAto47-50mA.AlsoqualifiedthesecurrentreadingswithuCon/off.UpdatedthePinDescriptionsection.UpdatedMatingconnectorssection.

v00427-

Oct-2016

BWReplacedoneSTM32F205RGY6withSTM32F205RGT6,andreplacedallSTM32mentionswithfullpartnumberSTM32F205RGT6

v00514-

Aug-2017

BW

UpdatedDCDlayoutandMemoryMap,renamedSPI1_/SPI3_tomatchParticleAPIinsteadofSTM32pinnamestoavoidconfusion(nowSPI,SPI1andSPI2),updatedthePinDescriptionsectionandaddedhighresolutionpinoutPDF,updatedLEDStatussection,VBATinfo,addedPowertheElectronwithoutabatterysection

v00631-Jul-

2019RK AddedLTEinformation

KnownErrata

Wearetrackingknownerratawiththisdatasheethere.Theseissues/errorsinthedatasheetwillbe

resolvedinsubsequentrevisions.

Contact

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