22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 1

Electron cloud studies at TU Darmstadt and GSI

O. Boine-Frankenheim, O. Haas, F. Petrov

Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder (TEMF)Computational Electromagnetics Laboratory

TEMF Staff

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 2

Oliver Boine-Frankenheim

Accelerator physicsand GSI Beam physics department

Harald Klingbeil

Accelerator technologyandGSI Ring RF department

Thomas Weiland

Head of the institute

Sebastian Schöps

Comput. Electromagnetics

Irina Munteanu

Finite MethodsandCST AG

Professors:

Research group leaders:

+ 36 Phd students and Postdocs (17 with accelerator related topics)+ 11 external PhD students (3 at CERN)

Wolfgang AckermannHigh frequencies

Erion GjonajCoupled problems

Wolfgang MüllerBeam dynamics

Infrastructure: TEMF Computing Cluster

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 3

172 nodes, 2.064 cores, 21.89 TFlop/s

Fast Quad Data Rate (QDR) Infiniband connections

Used for parallel computing with MPI.

Simulation tools available at TEMFfor electron cloud related studies

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 4

py-orbit (Shishlo, Cousineau, Holmes et al.) o https://code.google.com/p/py-orbit/o Teapot trackingo 2D/3D space charge solverso Parallel implementation (MPI)-> coherent/incoherent e-cloud effectsVORPAL® now VSim® (Tech-X, Boulder, CO)

o 3D EM PIC solvers -> Electron cloud buildup studies-> Microwave transmission studies-> Wake field studies

CST Studio® (CST AG, Darmstadt)o 3D EM and particle solvers-> Microwave transmission studies

Commercial codes: Community maintained codes:

Codes/modules under development at TEMF (see talks by O. Haas/F. Petrov):o Residual gas ionization and SEY modelso Fast 2D/3D Poisson solvers for arbitrary shaped pipes (Python/C++ version on github)o Electron cloud buildup codes (2D PIC with ionization and SEY models) -> githubo Coupling to pyorbit (under development -> talk by O. Haas)

Electron clouds in SIS100electron trapping in intense coasting ion beams

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 5

Fedor Petrov

F. Petrov, O. Boine-F., When do residual gas electron destabilize an ion beam ?NIM A (2013)

BMBF project 06DA9022I (until end of 2012)

Neutralization degree determined by: - e-I Coulomb collision (good vacuum)- two-stream instability (bad vacuum)

Beam dynamics + electron cloud buildup !

Equilibrium neutralization: Coulomb heating vs. electron trapping

Electron clouds in the CERN LHC

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 6

O. Boine-F., F. Petrov, Th. Weiland, G. Rumolo,

Energy loss and longitudinal wakefield of

relativistic short proton bunches in electron cloudsPhys. Rev. ST-AB (2012)

Space charge limited or saturated electron cloud density.

Longitudinal wakefield: Saturated vs. homogeneous cloud

next step -> incoherent tune spread (talk by F. Petrov)

BMBF project 05H12RD7 (until end of 2014)

Stopping powerin a saturated cloud:

Simulation of microwave transmission

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 7

Oliver Haas

F. Caspers, S. Federmann, et al.

O. Haas, O. Boine-F., F. Petrov,Simulations of the electron cloud buildup and its influence on the microwave transmission measurement, NIM A (2013)

Detailed buildup simulations (VORPAL)

Effective electron density:

German government funding for joint projects with CERN

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 8

High energy physics: 4 % for accelerators

ATLAS: 31,8

CMS: 15,8

LHCb: 3,5

Theorie: 3,5

R&D DET.: 0,6

Belle II /NA62OPERA:6,1

R&D Accel: 2,6

64 M€

Marius Groll, PT-DESY, KfB Treffen

in M€

Funding period 2012-2014

Next BMBF call for the funding period 2015-2017: End 2014

TEMF: 0,3 (= 2 projects)

German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)

Projects between CERNand German university groups

-> Discussion of possible joint projects related to electron clouds- simulation code development- specific studies (coherent/incoherent effects)- measurement techniques- interplay: impedances, e-clouds,….

Johanna Wanka (German Minister)

Many thanks for your attention.

22. April 2023 | TU Darmstadt | Fachbereich 18 | Institut Theorie Elektromagnetischer Felder | Oliver Boine-Frankenheim | 9