Electrification, Energy Efficiency and Power from ShoreEnergy+Efficiency+and+Power.pdf · Electrification Energy Efficiency and Power From Shore ... offshore HVAC

© ABB GroupJune 28, 2012 | Slide 1

ElectrificationElectrification, Energy Efficiency and Power from Shore

Håvard Devold, Tor-Eivind Moen, ABB Oil and Gas, Esbjerg 31 05 2012

© ABB GroupJune 28, 2012 | Slide 2© ABB Inc. June 28, 2012 | Slide 2

Electrification Energy Efficiency and Power From Shore

Why Electrification and Energy Efficiency

How to Electrify?

Power from Shore

References

Summary

Contents


Electrification:

Is there an alternative fuel that can deliver a fast solution while at the same time being economically viable?Yes, and it is not about the environment:It’s about

• Using less energy for the same tasks• Reduced Product Losses• Higher Stability better Safety• Reduced Maintenance• AND Lower emissions

Good for your wallet, good for the environment


Reducing losses along the energy chainLosses

Primary energy Transport Generation T&DIndustrial processes

Industrial production

80% of energyis lost

Avai

labl

e en

ergy

12% In the industry


Primary energy Transport Generation T&DIndustrial processes

Industrial production

Avai

labl

e en

ergy

ABB technology can reduce losses by 20-30%

More efficient fuel combustion

Higher pipeline flows

Improved well efficiency

Power generationTransportAll electric

Lower line losses, higher substation

efficiencyImproved

productivity

More efficient motors & drives

Drives &motors

ProcessAutomation

Marine & pipelines

Power plantautomation

Gridoperation

Processautomation

Reducing losses along the energy chainPotential increases in efficiency


Nowhere is this more visible in ME vs Europe

Source: Jim Crane, Cambridge University


Subsidies

Source: Jim Crane, Cambridge University

Energy Efficiency in the Oilfield

© ABB GroupJune 28, 2012 | Slide 9© ABB Group June 28, 2012 | Slide 9

Classical Powering ChallengesTypical power consumption

10-100 MW for new production field>100 MW for oil sand/shales250 MW new 7.5 MTPA LNG Plant300 MW for large compressor stations

(6->25 MPa, 150 Mscm/d)Typical power source

Local generation – EmissionsPower from grid – AvailabilityPower from shore - Cost


Energy Efficiency:Finding the toasters in your process

“The Toaster”Runs continuously 06:00-10:00, 2 kWAir conditioned area, so 3 kW to cool down again50% efficiency => (2+3)/0,5 * 4 h = 40 kWh thermalConventional: Two loafs/2 min each 5 min @1kW gives (1+1,5)*(2/5)/0,5 *4 = 4 kWh thermal

So what are the “toasters” in your process ?PumpsCompressorsProcess Instabilities (all variations drain energy)Heat lossMaintenances issues (wear, friction, scaling…)


Asset management and Energy efficiency

Electrical: Drive power, speed, torque, stallProcess: Flow, Temperature, Pressure, VibrationDiagnostics:

Wheel wear, Scaling, Motor electrical faults, EfficiencyWhy ?

Eliminate in operation failures (3-10 additional uptime days per year)Reduce periodic maintenance costs by 15-30%Extend equipment lifetime by 10-30%

“The worlds of automation and electrification are becoming increasingly entwined due to the substantial potential for energy savings, increased reliability and uptime, and reduced maintenance costs. ABB’s ability to integrate the process control, process electrification, and power distribution and management portions of a plant with System 800xA , leveraging the IEC61850 standard, offers end users significant operational benefits,” said Larry O'Brien, Research Director for Process Industries, ARC. “Typical savings can result in a 20 percent reduction in CAPEX (capital expenditures) and OPEX (operating expenditures).” (ARC 02 nov 2010)

© ABB Group June 28, 2012 | Slide 11


Improved Control

Compressor anti-surge control tuning - 20% reduced fuel gas consumption (North Sea Field) – realized due to very tight client/ABB integration

Reduced Fuel Gas Consumption by Controller Tuning

Before After


Why Electrification ?


HS(E)Reduced local pollution (NOX)Impoved Safety for personell

Less heavymanintanenceLess heavy liftsReduced ingnitionsourcesStability

Reduced offshore personellLess helicopter traffic

Reduced vibration and audiblenoice

Question Who carries the cost of HSE, in particular long term effects on people

TechnologyReduced delivery timeEasier, simpler installationReduced size and weight ofoffshore installationStability and Uptime

EconomyReduced maintainance and operating costs -OPEXHigher availability (uptime)More gas left to sell


Electrification by Power From ShoreWhy Electrification?


(HS)EReduced climate pollution (CO2)Improved Energy efficiency

Question Who’s responsibility is this.Cost benefit analysis

TechnologyOffshore Gas Turbine Power Plant

25-30% turbine efficiency35-40% with waste heat recovery

Onshore Gas Turbine Turbine Power Plant40% turbine efficiency60% with combined cycle80%+ with waste heat recovery

Net ResultUtilization of the gas resource can be twice as good with Power from Shore (including transmission losses) as with offshore power plants.

Key questions Infra structure offshore versus infrastructure onshoreSingle project versus area wide electrification




ABB-Technology for Power from Shore projects are already saving more than 1 Million tonn CO2 per year!

Field CO2 NOX

Troll 230 000 230

Valhall 400 000 250

Gjøa 250 000 200

Goliat 90 000 88

Troll 2 250 000 200

SUM: 1 220 000 ton 969 ton

Northstream (lost) 1800 000 ton C 1500 ton




Power from ShoreHow and Where ?


Application Areas for Electrification

ACHVDC

HVDC

ACHVDC

AC

Power from shore

Offshore Power Distribution

FPSO e-house solutions

Subsea drives solutions

Large Drives solutions

Packaged Drilling Drives

Onshore Power Distribution


Electrification

Statoil: Troll A, phase 1 (HVDC/70 km/2x41 MW/60 kV) Statoil: Troll A, phase 2 (HVDC/70 km/2x50MW/60 kV)

Worlds largest gas production platform, was also the first to be powered with HVDC power from shore. Production capacity maintained with gas compressors, which are compensating for the reduced resorvoir pressure to ensure pressure and flow in pipeline back to onshore facility at Kolsnes, Norway. ABB-delivery:

HVDC converter stations on- and off-shore. AC and DC cables. High voltage motors for the compressors allowing direct operation by HVDC converter.

ABBs “world’s first” electrification references



BP Norway: Valhall (HVDC/292 km/78 MW/150 kV)HVDC converter stations on- og offshore, sea cable by NexansAll electrification of the fieldA world’s first offshore brown field conversion to electrification.

GDF Suez: Gjøa (HVAC/98 km/40 MW/90 kV)Transformerstation, static and dynamic sea cable, all HV and MV electrical equipment on-board.

”Partial electrification”First floating vessel/platform with power cable from shore.

ENI: Goliat (HVAC100 km/75 MW/123 kV)Sea cable (static and dynamic), electrical system onboard, land station by SiemensHVAC, 100 km from Hammerfest, ”Partial electrification”Not enough electrical power in Hammerfest for full electrification - -yet.


ElectrificationABBs “world’s first” electrification references


“Classic” (Radial Feed) Power from (to) Shore

onshore

OnshoreSub Station

Oil PlatformHVDC

OnshoreConverter

Wind farm

offshore

HVAC<150MW<150km

Oil PlatformHVAC

HVDC>50MW>150km

HVDCStation

OnshoreConverter

HVDC>200MW>100km

Gjøa, Goliat, Halul, + +

Troll, Valhall, Luva, + +

E-On


Offshore Grid Multi-terminal HVDC Light solution (Ring Net)

onshore

PlatformDC

OnshoreConverter

PlatformDC

OnshoreConverter

PlatformDC

PlatformAC Platform

AC

Hosted on platform or buoy

Wind farm

Wind farmWave farm


Power From Shore

DeliveredStatoil Troll, HVDC-Light 1&2 Compressor drives, 2x40MW, ca. 80kmStatoil, Troll, 20MW AC Cable, 80kmStatoil Gjøa, AC Power, 40MW, 100km, 90kV, dynamic 400m depthE.On Windpower hub, HVDC, 350MW, ca 200km incl onshore (power to shore!)

Under DeliveryENI-Goliat, 60, 90km, HVAC, dynamic 400m depthBP-Vallhall redevelopment, HVDC, 78MW, 292km (Revamp)Troll, HVDC-Light 3&4 Compressor drives, 2x45MW, ca. 80kmStatoil, Troll, 20MW AC Cable, 80km

In FEED, or later stagesTotal Hild, 55MW, 170kmStatoil Utsira High, 300MW, 220km HVDC + AC distribution to five platformsConoco phillips, Ekofisk, retrofit (xxMW, xxkm, )


Technology Selection: GT vs. AC vs. DC

Power(MW)

Distance(miles)

AC

Tra

nsm

issi

on

DC Transmission

Gas Turbines

An Example ofEconomical Window ofOpportunity for Power From / To Shore


GT vs. AC vs. DC

”Old Decision Rule”:xMW+ (1.4)ykm<350

AC

xMW+ (1.4)ykm<450 HVDC

Onsite Generation most likely. except where government demands

electrification or field wide electrification

HVDC Solution Chosen

AC Solution Chosen

Halul

Goliat

Dagny

Mariner option

Total Hild 55MW, 170km

Utsira (Statoil, Lundin) 300MW, 220km, HVDC


Dynamic Cable Technology – GeneralExample from PFS

Long static cable (qualified to 1000m)Short dynamic cable (qualified to 700m)Transition jointDynamic cable in a configuration

Transition joint


Future development

HVDC ClassicImpregn paper cable system

HVAC SeaExtruded AC cables

HVDC LightExtruded DC cables

HVAC land

Sea Land

Driving forces for increased development efforts are higher voltage and deeper water depths

Development in steps (Voltage, depth, dynamic forces, turret/swivel development, etc.)Test and qualify each step of the developmentDevelop together with clients to find solutions to their specific applicationsStarting 900-1000m deep application development in 2011 for Shell’s Ormen Lange project. Static cable with subsea terminations.Next step would be to qualify a dynamic part for Ormen Lange


Strategies and StudiesTechnology, Economy and Environment


Business Process – Early Involvement / Studies

Product suppliers responds to RFQ here

System approachearly start

FeasibilityConcept

Market Shift to system approach

Pre Feed FeedBasic/

Detailed Design/FAT

Installation/Commissioning

Start-up Operation

All Electricdecision

Products and services

Procurement Philosophy

The most critical decisions are made early

Secure best information for optimal decisions


Recent Power From Shore Studies

2006: Shell Draugen redevelopment, HVDC or AC, 60MW, 60km2007: Statoil -Halten Banken electrification, HVDC and HVAC2008: Statoil Mariner & Bressney, HVDC and HVAC2010: Statoil, Gudrun (Platform to Platform, i.e. Sleipner to Gudrun) –ABB Inputs to EPC2010: Statoil, Sleipner (50/60Hz converter –Platform to platform) ––ABB Inputs to EPC2008: ENI-Goliat, 60-120MW, 90km, HVAC2008-2009: Qatar Petroleum, Halul Oil Terminal, 100-130MW, AC –ABB Inputs to EPC 2008-2010: QP-NFA, 36MW, 80km, 66kV (AC) –Feasibility and FEED electrical studies –inputs to EPC2010-2011: ADMA OPCO/ Tebodin, Assess Study - Electrification infrastructure for all ADMA offshore installations in Abu Dhabi 2014-20302011: Statoil Lundin/DNO Dagny –Luno/Draupne 150MW, 220km HVDC + 2x30km HVAC Feasibility/Pre-FEED2011: Statoil+ + Utsira High –Pre-FEED/Feasibility2012 Petronas – Offshore electrification, multiple platforms



Agree on Base Parameters

Characteristic Gas Turbines Electric Drive

Weight and space Light unit but space and weight consumingauxiliaries

Similar to that for gas turbines

Minor maintenance cycle 2,500 - 4,000 hours (flashing) 25,000 hours (cleaning)

Major maintenance cycle 20,000 hrs 100,000 hrs

Minor maintenance duration^) 6-10 days 1-2 days

In operation system MTBF 4,000 hours > 25,000 hours

Control Response Slow Medium to quick

Efficiency Narrow peak range High over wide range

Logistics Delivery time 3-4 years Delivery 1-2 years

Average operational efficiency of system 25-38% 97% Drive ++ 95% HVDC Transmission typ+ 60-80% generation

© ABB GroupJune 28, 2012 | Slide 32© ABB Inc. June 28, 2012 | Slide 32


Gas Turbine Characteristics

Typ 37 % at “ISO conditions”More like 25% at off peak


Then we populate the model


Reference Case – Gas compression, HVDC

CharacteristicDrive and compressor

A.Electric Drive (actual)

B.Gas Turbines (theoretical)

Difference (Column B –Column A)

Dimensioning capacityDaily full capacity volumeNormalized full capacity days/yearRequired compression powerInstalled capacity

Inlet 65 bar, out 250 bar 150 Mscm/day

250 days287 000 MW

6 x 50 MW

Inlet 65 bar, out 250 bar 150 Mscm/day

250 days287 000 MW

7 x 50 MW

Energy cost energyCO2 quota credit (Emerging Economy)

18.6 €/MWh24.0 €/Ton

0,0667 €/scm24,0 €/Ton

Capex costsInterrest rate calculatoricAnnual interrest and write down

260 700 000 €11%

40 years 35.200.000 €

122.500.000 €11%

20 years 19.600.000 €

- 138.200.000 €

-15.600.000 €

Average annual OPEX costs:Cost of energy/fuel gasLost capacity valueMaintancance costs

34.951.000 €15 000 €

1.066 000 €SUM: 36 033 000 €

27.232.000 €19.159.000 €

8.155.000 €SUM: 54.546.000 € 18 513 000 €

Total cost of ownership/year

Additional export gas (if available) Income from CO2 quota sales

71.200.000 €

-75 606 000 €14 700 000 €

74.146.000 € 2 946 000 €

Balanced cost -19.080 000 € 74.146.000 € 93 226 000 €

Fuel gas consumption - 408 mmSCM 408 mmSCM

CO2 emissions - 612 000 tons 612 000 tons


MythbustersJust in Norway ?


SFNY GOSP-1

TP-20

TP-18TP-18

230 kV

115kV

69 kV69 kV

15 kV

Offshore

Onshore

940930 348 470

656

910

Aux

243

275

TP-19TP-17GOSP 4

Submarine Cables

36

TY

© ABB GroupJune 28, 2012 | Slide 37© ABB Group December 08 | Slide 37

Cable Projects in Qatar

Halul IslandRas Lafan

NFA(QP)36MW

50/60 HZ

66kV

100 MWHVAC132 kV

80-90 km100 km

Al-Morjan(Qxy)Existing Cable

PS 2QP

PS 3QP

Al-KhalijTotal

FutureCables

Handled by ABB NOO&G as a system delivery


Possible Main Grid solutions offshore Abu Dhabi


References power from shore


ReferenceTroll A – powering the compressors

Month DD, Year | Slide 40© ABB Group

FIELD100 km NW of Bergen, Norway and onshore

gas plantWater depth 400 meters, power and pipeline

to shoreOne Gravity base plus subsea tie insRecompression & HVDC Light offshore Upgraded to 146,5 mill Sm3/Day 2006

Benefit by using HVDC 200.000 ton CO2

OPEX reduced by 19 mill USDAdditional saving of fuel gas


Off shore power supply .. Troll

Troll, HVDC-Light Pre-Compressors 1 & 2:

2x40MW, ca. 80kmIn operation 2005

Pre Compressors 3 & 42x50MW, ca 80kmSold 2011(Operation 2013)


DescriptionOne HVDC light station off-shore and one on-shore292 km HVDC Cable

Main dataP = 78 MWUDC = 150 kV

StatusOnshore station in operationOffshore module being installed Commercial operation 2010

Valhall

Lista

Valhall


ReferenceValhall


Valhall

Lista

FIELD300 km south of Stavanger, NorwayWater depth 70-75 meters128.000 barrels oe per day, Gas to Ekofisk, Oil to

Teeside (UK).

BP Field of the future concept: Onshore Control Room

First time HVDC is used to supply an entire platform

HVDC Light 292 km 78 MWAC Voltage: 300 kV / 11 kV DC Voltage: 150 kVAdvantages

High availability 98.5-99 %Increased life length 40 yearsIncreased efficiencyReduced maintenance and Shorter maintenance shutdownsFibre optical communication in cableEnvironment – savings:

300.000 ton CO2250 ton NOx


TransformerTransformer ValvesValves

Phase ReactorsPhase Reactors

Valhall – PFS – Technical solution


Gjøa

High Voltage AC40MW, 100kmIn operation 2010


Field98 km PEX SeaCable1,5 km is Dynamic CableUse of AC

BenefitsEmissions: 250.000 tons CO2 Reduction (100.000 cars), (NOX) and volatile organic compounds (VOC). Power to satellites fieldsPower from shore from day 1

ChallengeThe seabed is uneven and steep and part of the cable need to be flexible due to the floaterThe flexibility is made by corrugated copper. This makes the cable look and function like a vacuum pipe.

ReferenceGjøa - floater



ABB EICT scope for the Goliat FPSO:

Power from shore Electrical equipment and power system

Instruments & valves

Safety & Control equipment, system applications and interfaces

40 mechanical packages

Telecommunication systems

Remote collaboration facilities

Facilities for condition based maintenance

Industrial networks & Information security infrastructure

Goliat FloaterElectrical, Instrumentation, Control and Telecommunication


Power from shore to Utsira High -Concept

~=

DCland cable

DC subsea cable200 km

Hub platform Inverter

Draupne Luno

Aldous / Avaldsnes Field center

A

Aldous / AvaldsnesB

Dagny

AC subsea cables0 - 60 km

Aldous / AvaldsnesC

Future

SubstationRectifier

Futurewindfarm

Onshore grid300 kV incomers

Kårstø

Power from shore to Utsira High – rating 250 MW +

= ~

Power Hub PWH

Utsira High – Power from shore ProjectA strategic step towards electrification of the NCS

Opportunity: • Statoil will select an

Electrical EPC, ABB competing with Siemens only

• Contract > $500 M, 70-80% ABB content

NCS: Norwegian Continental Shelf


Further applicationsWindpower, Supergrid


EON 2 off shore cluster

75 km land cable

128 km sea cable

400 MW off shoreconvertor

400 MW convertor


Supergrid concept (Vision)Main concept, combine:

Integration of renewable energyInterconnections for tradingSecurity of supply

BenefitsReduced investmentIncreased trading capacityBack-up power, e.g. hydro power can support wind powerLarge geographic area gives more stable production


Wind Generation - Offshore gridVision 2020 – an offshore grid enabling

Offshore wind parksPower supply to oil fieldsEnergy exchange between marketsAncillary services (freq control ++)

TaskDescribe technology statusDescribe ambitions towards an off shore gridDescribe R&D challenges


Electrification

Oil and Gas exploration can be executed with substatntially lower CO2 and NOx emmissionsElectrification gives value creation and competencies which are useful for other areas such as subsea systems and offshore renewablesIncreased power needs offshore can in many regions be covered by renewable energy

Summary


Electrification requires:Political will and supportProgressive approach to new

technologies and system solutions


Documents

Electrification, Energy Efficiency and Power from ShoreEnergy+Efficiency+and+Power.pdf · Electrification Energy Efficiency and Power From Shore ... offshore HVAC