ElectricityElectricity

Investigation 2 ReviewInvestigation 2 Review

CircuitsCircuits

A circuit is a pathway through which A circuit is a pathway through which electric current flows. A circuit must electric current flows. A circuit must be complete to work properly.be complete to work properly.

A circuit must be complete in order A circuit must be complete in order to work. to work.

Can you tell what is wrong with each of these circuits?Can you tell what is wrong with each of these circuits?

This circuit needs a wire from the bulb to the negative side of the battery.

Energy only flows from the positive and negative ends of the battery, not from the side.

This wire from the negative end should connect to the other end of the bulb.

This circuit needs onewire from the bulb to go to the positive side of the battery.

Electricity ReceiversElectricity Receivers

A light bulb is a receiver that A light bulb is a receiver that produces light.produces light.

A motor is a receiver that produces A motor is a receiver that produces motion. motion.

ComponentsComponents

A D-cell is one component (part) of a A D-cell is one component (part) of a circuit. It is the SOURCE of the circuit. It is the SOURCE of the electricity.electricity.

SwitchesSwitches

A switch is used to open and close a circuit.

InsulatorsInsulators

An insulator is a material that An insulator is a material that prevents electricity from flowing prevents electricity from flowing through the circuit. through the circuit.

Some examples of insulators are: Some examples of insulators are: plastic, cardboard, magnetite, and plastic, cardboard, magnetite, and wood.wood.

ConductorsConductors A conductor is a material that allows electricity to A conductor is a material that allows electricity to

flow through the circuit. (It drives the electricity flow through the circuit. (It drives the electricity through the circuit, just like a conductor drives a through the circuit, just like a conductor drives a train!)train!)

All metals, including aluminum foil, pennies, and All metals, including aluminum foil, pennies, and nails, are conductors. nails, are conductors.

Schematic drawings Schematic drawings

Schematic drawings are used to Schematic drawings are used to represent circuits on a piece of paper.represent circuits on a piece of paper.

Time for a Quiz!Time for a Quiz!Which of these items are conductors?Which of these items are conductors?

A.A. PennyPenny

B.B. Paper clipPaper clip

C.C. Aluminum foilAluminum foil

D.D. All of the aboveAll of the above

E.E. None of the aboveNone of the above

DD

All items made of any type of metal All items made of any type of metal are conductors, including foil, are conductors, including foil, pennies, paper clips, and nails.pennies, paper clips, and nails.

Items that are not made of metal are Items that are not made of metal are insulators! insulators!

A switch is used to….A switch is used to….

A. Open a circuitA. Open a circuit

B. Close a circuitB. Close a circuit

C. Neither A nor BC. Neither A nor B

D. Both A and BD. Both A and B

DD

Switches are used to open and close Switches are used to open and close circuits.circuits.

When you turn on a light switch in your When you turn on a light switch in your house, it closes the circuit so that house, it closes the circuit so that electricity can be received by the light electricity can be received by the light bulb. When you turn off the switch, the bulb. When you turn off the switch, the circuit opens and the electricity does not circuit opens and the electricity does not flow to the receiver. flow to the receiver.

Will this bulb light?Will this bulb light?

NONO

One wire needs to touch the SIDE of One wire needs to touch the SIDE of the bulb to complete the circuit. the bulb to complete the circuit. (Remember, there is a little wire (Remember, there is a little wire inside the bulb that connects the inside the bulb that connects the metal on the side to the bottom, so metal on the side to the bottom, so you need one wire at each point.)you need one wire at each point.)

Will this bulb light?Will this bulb light?

NONO

One wire needs to touch the BOTTOM One wire needs to touch the BOTTOM of the bulb to complete the circuit. of the bulb to complete the circuit.

Will this bulb light?Will this bulb light?

YESYES

There is a complete circuit in this There is a complete circuit in this drawing! Even though there is only drawing! Even though there is only one wire, the energy from the D-cell one wire, the energy from the D-cell goes through the side of the bulb goes through the side of the bulb where it is touching to connect the where it is touching to connect the circuit. circuit.

Will this bulb light?Will this bulb light?

YESYES

There is a complete circuit in this There is a complete circuit in this drawing, too!drawing, too!

Which component provides the Which component provides the electric power in a circuit?electric power in a circuit?

A.A. D-cellD-cell

B.B. BulbBulb

C.C. MotorMotor

D.D. WiresWires

E.E. All of the aboveAll of the above

AA

The D-cell is the source of power in a The D-cell is the source of power in a circuit. circuit.

Science is electrifying!Science is electrifying!