EKb.. AGANArlA KANTA - KQrTHr b.ABAPAr

EI\OY81A XAPIITHION TO IEPO InHAAIO THI EIAEI8YIAI ITON TIOYTIOYPO

XOPH rlA EKllOIHI .6.HMOL MINOA nE.6.IA.6.AL

HPAK;\EIO 2011

pn E E x o M E N A

EYXAPIDIEL AKoVTO, K. 1:.o~opoC;

XAPTHI THI KPHTHI

XPONOI\OrlKOI nlNAKAI

EIIArorH. A KOVTO

HlITOPIA THI ANAIKA<DHI KAI THI EPEYNAI ITO InHI\AIO. A KOVTO - K. 1:.o~opoC;

TOnOrPA<DIKO -IITOPIKO IHMEIOMA K. EIJIJ. rKOAOVOKIl- X. nonocSoKil

HANAIKA<DH TOY InHI\AIOY THI INATOY [TIOYTIOYPOY). E. nMTCUV

EII\EI8YIAI ErKOMION. n. 8i:IJEAIlC;

HI\ATPEIA THI EII\EI8YIAI ITO InHI\AIO TOY TIOYTIOYPOY. A KOVTO

H8EA EII\EI8YIA ITII KNOIIAKEI nINAKI1:.EI rPAMMIKHI B. r. <DAOUcSO.

EnIrPA<DH rPAMMIKHI rPA<DHI A AnO TO InHI\AIO THI EII\EI8YIAI ITHN INATO. M. Perno

1:.EIrMATA THI KEPAMEIKHI TOY IllHI\AIOY. A KOVTO -1:.. Z. KovTOnocSil

I, MIKPOYPOCPIKO ovvrio II. KEPOIJEIK~ IloAOIOOVOKTOPIK~C; -N£OOVOKTOPIK~C; rrrpioooo

III. KEPOIJEIK~ YOTEPOIJIVCUIK~C; IIIr - YnOlJlvCUIK~C; nEplOcSOLl

IV. KEPOIJEIK~ rECUIJ£TPIK~C; - EMilvIOTIK~C; nEplOcSOLl

KEPAMEIKH THI POMA'IKHI nEPI01:.0Y.1:.. rpilyoponoLlAoc;

I. PCUlJo'I'KOi OIJCPopEiC;

II. PculJo'(KOi AUXVOI

EI1:.01\1A, OMOIOMATA A KOVTO

I. Av8pcunoIJopcpo EI6~AIO

II. EI6~AIO ~~cuv

III. n~AIVO OIJOI~IJOTO

1:.lnl\OI nEI\EKEIL A KOVTO

MIKPOANTIKEIMENA - KOIMHMATA - XAI\KINEI <DIAI\EI A. KOVTO

AIrYnTlAKOY TynOY ANA8HMATA ITO InHI\AIO THI EII\EI8YIAL A KOVTO -1:.. Z. Kovrorroon

TA AIrYnTlAKA TynOY TEXNEPrA R. Wilkinson

IYNTOMOrPA<DIEI

BIBAIOrPA<DIA

4

7

8

10

11

12

16

22

28

38

42

44 48 61 66 70

80 80 82

84 89

136 141

149

155

168

171

188

189

f)

It.AIONAlnPON

• , fJKTAION ANTPON ABOvtl m~roI APKMEl: •

•• An OI r~pnO I

AlrOPTYNOr BPOKAITPO I . M POMYAOI

r QPTYNA ~•~, rvMH••

-...L..----­J(OM '.~Or KO<l>INAI

•

ElK.2. Xa pI llS I llS Kp i]I llS u e xopouc n ou QVQ qJ£POVlO l

KEPATO MnO!

J-- -- - ---- - -1- -- 1....., - - - -­I AAP KI I .>: --- -­

/ I

/ MINTP mHAAIO I

,/ _~-KA <I>A I

, , ~

, -, TLOYTLOYPOL

/

- - - - KUPllYPr.VOS apxQlo,\oy",ilS xr, poe;

ElK.3. To novpo rp uco IllS nep tox n c lOU TaoulOOUpOU .

7

H SEA EIAEISYIA ITII KNOIIAKEI

nINAKI~EI rPAMMIKHI B f£C0pyia cPAouoa

HOUOTrl~OTIK~ KOTOYpOCP~ OTIe; KVCUOIOKte;

DlVOKibEe; IPO~~IK~e; B TCUV rtpoorpopcov nOLJ

rrpoopicovrov vro TIe; OVOYKEe; Tr1e; 8EO~o8ETrwtv'le;

AOTpEioe; onOTEAEi T'lV DlO O'l~OVTIK~ nrw~ 0XETIKO

~E TIe; 8P'lOKEUTIKte; npOKTIKte; Tr1e; Kp~T'le; KOTO Tr1V

T EAIK~ AVOKTOPIK~ rrsolooo (YM tl-rrocoum YM "' A2).

LUYKEKPI~tvO , OVOcptpOVTOI 8EOT'lTEe; nou KOTO TOUe;

~ETOYEvtOTEpOUe; OleOVEe; OUYKPOT'lOOV TO .6CUbEK08EO

TOU OAu~nou, rr.x. .6IKToioe; ZEUe;, nOOElbWV , Ap'le;

KOI Ep~~e; , YEyovoe; rrou TEK~'lPIWVEI TOV nOAu8EYoTIKO

XOPOKT~PO T'le; 8P'lOKEioe; T'lV mox~ OUT~ (Poloimo

2008, 349). MOPWpOUVTOI, sniorjc. OPKETO 8ECUVU~IO

npoEM'lVIK~e; npoEAEUOECUe;, orrcoc o-to-no-po-ti-ni­

jo / A8~voe; Ilotvio ~ A8'lvO nOTvio, do-puz-ri-to-jo

po-ti-ni-jo / nOTVIO TOU J\ofJupiv8ou, e-ri-hu / * EpIVUe;,

e-nu-wo-r'i-jo / EVUOAIOe;, po-jo-wo(-ne} / nOIOFCUV, po­

ze / oo-cie. pi-pi-tu-no, qe-ra-si-jo, mo-ri-ne-u (Aura

Jorro KOI Adrodos 1985, OTTop6oT)v. Gulizio K.O. 2001,

454-455). 01 8EOi nou AOTPEUOVTOV OE OCPIEPCU~tvO

OE OUTOUe; IEPO ~TOV 0 nOOElbWV, 0 .6ioe; KOI 'l di-wi­

jo ~ di-u-jo / *.6iFyo, 'l O~OAOY'l TOU zxio YUVOIKEio

8EOTr)TO, EVeO OTO XOVIO 0 .6lovuooe; EAO~l)ovE

rrpoorpoorc OTO IEPO TOU zxio. nOpOM'lAO, 0 Ep~~e;,

'l APTE~'l KOI 0 .6IKTOioe; .6ioe; KOTOYPOCPOVTOI cue;

onobtKTEe; rrpoorpopcov OE blOcpOpEe; mplcpEpEloKte;

8tOEIe; T'le; KVCUOIOK~e; mplcptpEIOe;, xcupie; oucoc va

rrpooSiopkovroi OUYKEKPI~tvO IEpO.

KN Gg (I) 702)

VAS .1 pa-si-te-o-i 1 rne-ri '209

.2 da-pu,-ri-to-jo , I po-ti-ni-ja 'rne-ri' '20BV AS

KN Gg (3) 705)

.1 1 a-mi-ni-so, 1 e-re-u-ti-ja ME+RI *20BV A S

VAS .2 )pa-si-te-o-i ME+RI *Z09 1

VAS .3 ]o-ne ME+RI *Z09 1

EAOYGIA XAPIITHION

1

38

KN Od (2) 714

. a a-*65 -na

.b e-re-u-ti-j a LANA 1

KN Od (2) 715

. a e -re-u- ti-j a

. b t a -wa-ko-to LANA 1

To IEPO Tr)<;; EIAd8uI0<;; OTrlV A~.JV IOO, YV(;.)aTO ana TI<;;

nOAuOpI8IJE<;; IJUOyEvtaTEpE<;; AOYOTExvIKt<;; TIrwt<;;,

onOTEA£i Tr) IJOVOO IK~ rrcolrrrcoon aTIlV onoio eve IEPO

rroo 8E(;.)pdTOI OTItXEI TOUTI08Ei OVOOKOCPIKOIJOpWpEiTOI

KOI ana T1<;; KV(;.)aJOKt<;; rnvoxloec. H OUXV~ ovcooco

TIl<;; AIJVIOOU OTO OIOIKIlTIKO KOTOOTIXO TIl<;; npcJllJIl<;;

y OTEPOIJIV(;')IK~<;; II1A2 rrepiooou m80vcJ<;; ocpEiAUOI

OTIlv IOloiTEPll onuoolo TIl<;; nOpOKTlO<;; 8tor)<;; CJ<;; EVO<;;

ana TO EnivEIO TIl<;; Kvcoooo (Dovaras KOI Masson 1983,

383-384. Schafer 1991, 111-1 12). H rrpcorn OEIPO Tr)<;;

cpuMooXfJIJr)<;; rnvoxlooc Gg(3) 705 ana Tr) LUTIK~

nTtpuyo TOU KV(;.)a10KOU OVOKTOpOU KOTOypOcpEI Tr)V

orrocroxn EVO<;; OIJCPopt(;.)<;; IJE IJtAI crnv AlJvlOO vro

Tr)V e-re-u-ti-jo. To OVOIJO OUTO IJETOYPOCPETOI OTr)V

OACPOI3r)T1K~ EMIlvIK~ C0<;; 'EAW8i6 KOI tXEI TOUTI08Ei

IJE Tr) YVC00T~ ana TOV 'OIJIlPO KOI rroxxoix; oMou<;;

opxoioi»; o ovvpcxpcic KOI 0XOAlooTt<;; 8EO TOU TOKETOU

EiAEi8ul0 (Ventris KOI Cho dw ic k 1956, 310. Auro Jorro

KOI Adrodos 1985, 244). LTIl Gwyovio TOU Hal060u

(921-923) Il EIAEi8ul0 OVOcptPETOI 1J0~i IJE Tr)V 'HI31l KOI

TOV APll (;.)<;; TtKvO TOU L io KOI TIl<;; Hooc. EVcJ ornv

IAl060 TOU OIJ~POU TO OVOIJO onOVTO OTOV nAr)8uVTIKO

opl81J0 (/\ 270, T 119). LXUIKO IJE rnv rrouoxovio TOU

rrpco iuoo rorroo 'EAW8i6 txouv 61OTunCJ8Ei 610cpopE<;;

EPIJr)VEiE<;; , IJE WIKPOTtoT£Pr) Tr)V ovoy(;.)y~ TOU OE IJIO

Iv60wpCJna'lK~ pi~o rroo orjuoiva "EA£U8EPr) 130pou<;;"

KO I EVbEXOlJtV(;.)<;; rrooorrurrru OTOV POAO Tr)<;; 8EO<;;

C0<;; 1J0io<;; (Ruiperez KOI Melena 1996, 187). LUIJCPCJVO

IJE oMr) orroipn npotpxuol ana Til pi~o 0..£08- TOU

PlllJOTIKOU ronoo 0.£000/-101 , EVcJ tXEI unooTIlPIx8Ei

OKOIJO KOI r) npoEMIlv IK~ rrooexroon TOU OVOIJOTO<;;

(Frisk 1960, 456. Schafer 1992, 84) .

H ovooopo OTr)V 06UOOEI0 TOU OIJ~POU TOU

AOTpWTIKOU ormxolou Tr)<;; 8EO<;; OTr)V Auv ico (T188 KE~ .)

onr)xd Til CP~IJIl Tr)<;; xorosloc rroo TEAOUVTOV OE OU T~ rn

8tor), TOUAOXIOTOV KOTO rnv YaTEPOIJIVC0IK~ rrsolooo .

H OPXIK~ ouvoron TOU orrnxolou rroo OVOKOAucp81lKE

TO 1885 OTIlv Auvioo ana TOV I. XOT~Ilo0KIl IJE Tr)V

EIAd8ul0 1300i081lKE OTO OUyKEKpllJtvO OIJr)PIKO XCJpio

(MOpIVOTO<;; 1929,95) . LTIl ollvtXEIO, 01 OVOOKOcpt<;; TOll

EAOYGIA XA PILTHIO N 39

Ln, Moplvcnou KOla TO tTIi 1929-1938 rnoronolnoov

Til XP~O Il TOU orrrixolou ana Til NWAI8 IK~ tcue; rnv

YaTEPO~IVWIK~ rrtp looo KOI KOla TOUe; rECU~ElpIKOUe;.

EM li vIOTIKoue; KOI rrpcourouc AUTOKPOlOpIKOUe;

xpovoue; (MOp IVOTOe; 1929. 97. 99. 103, MOpIVOTOe;

1930. 93 KE~. Betancourt KOI Marinotos 2000) . KOla

TOUe; IOTOpIKOUe; xpovoue; II "~OYOOTOKOe; " EIAEi8ulo .

OUT~ oll Aoo ~ rro o tCPEpVE TOUe; rrovouc TOU TOKElOU.

AOTpWOTOV OEOAO TOV EMoOIKO xwpo KOI 0Il ACUVOTOV

~E OIOcpOpEe; nopoMoyte; TOU OVO ~OlOe; Hle; onc

TOTIlKt e; oloAtKTOUe;: 'EAEU8ulo OH1V Kp~ T Il . 'EAW8io

~ EAwoio orn Ac xcovio KOI 'EAw 8 ill c rnv lcovio (Frisk

1960.455) . 'HTOV. oucoc. 10lOiTEp O oll~OcpIA~e; OE noMte;

nOAEI e; Tile; Kp~TIle; , orrcx; OTII AOl W, ornv 'IVOlO. ornv

ATITt po KOI ornv Ap vioo (Nosch 2009, 27). Av KOI tXEI

unooTIlPIx8Ei OTI KOla TIiV 1II XIAIElio tAO[)E xwpo evoc

OUY KEpO O~O e; Tile; EIAEI8uioe; ~E TIiV APTE~ 1l (An toniou

1980, 228-229) , EivOI O~ IOOIl~EiwTO OTI 01ouo 8EOTIiTEe;

ovocptpovro i oVE~OPTIiTO OTIe; KVWOloKte; KOI nUAloKte;

TIlvoKioEe; rpO~~IK ~e; B ovnoroiycoc. Av KOI TO ~ ~T Il~O

Tile; oovrxaoc Tile; xorocioc OTO on~AOIO Tile; A~v I OO l>

rroooueva OVOIKTO (Schafer 1992, 84), II ovooooo

OTO KVCUOIOKO tyypocpo TOU ~IVCU IKOU IEpOU Tile; 8EOe;

OUVIlYOpEi orrco Tile; korcvcovnc Tile; UOTEPIle; AOlpEioe;

Til e; EIMi8uloe; ana ~I O nocoiuorron ~ IVW IK~ 8EO TOU

TOKElOU (Nilsson 1949, 30. Willetts 1962, 168-172).

To OU VTO ~O KE i~EVO rro o tXEI XOpOX8Ei o rnv KVCUOIOK~

rnvo xloo Gg(3) 705 TOU rpocpto 140 ana TOV eO AO~ O

Tile; TOIXoypocpioe; ~ E TO Koo urjuo (Olivier 1967. 85)

OiVEI ocpopun vro ooroutv«; un08tOEIe; 0XETIKO ~E TOV

XOPOKT ~PO Til e; AOlpEioe; ern 8toll , To ~tA I t nol~E

o ll ~ OV TI Ko pOAO ern xorocio. orrcoc un ooEIKvUEI 0

~EYOAOe; op I 8~0e; KVCUOIOKWV rnv oxlocov ~E o VTioTOIXO

mpIExo~EVO . H rroooxpepouevn rrooornro ~EAIOU

0IlAWVETOI ornv rnvox loo Gg(3) 705 ~E TO 10EOYPO~~o

"'209v AS• ~IO oT08EP~ ~OVOOO, Tile; orrolcc oYVOOl>~E

TIiV OKp l[)~ XCUPIiTIKOTIiTO (Puip erez KOI Melena 1996.

187). H orrocoon. n OvTCUe;. oVTioTOIXIle; n o oornroc

«rrpoc OAOUe; TOUe; 8wue;» (pa-si fe -o-i) ern OEUTEPIi

OEIPO Tile; rnvoxlooc uo c ernrotrra va un08toou~ E OTI

KN Od (:

.a ]e-re-u-ti-ja

.b LANA 4

• 1 a-mi-ni-so ke-re-na, re-ne , [

.2 e-ne-si-da-o-ne , su-ja-to , *14 6 1 [

Et\OY0IA XAPIH HIO N 40

lve r Oouofja tydJv !o6J-l17V xal ~eiVla ociiK:a.

JOOi yap roo Kpr,t1Jvoe Karr,yayev ff; aveuoto,

/4J.evov Tpoi17voe rrapan:..ldy~aoa Ma.J.eulJv:

ouioe {j r tv AJ-lVlOrjj, Get re oneo; ElAeteui17~,

tv AlJ..liOW xa.J.erroKn, J-l6yz~ 0 ' Un:ciJ.u~ev atMa~.

(OIlr,POU, Oouooer.a, r 185-189)

EKd d50 TO 6UOOl~0 £yw, KOl ~£voqJiAnjJo TOV,

tt TOU ovcuou rj POVrjTO TOV n£TO~£ otrjv Kprjtrt ,

OTrjV Tpoio K08w~ OPll£V1~£, AO~O crro TO MOA£o,

K1 rlP8£ otnv Auvioo, KOVTO mrj~ E1A£18uio~ TO ormxio,

p£OO ore KOKoAillovo, KOl ow8rj on' TO 5pOAomo

~ {j , Or J Ov woivouaav lxn j3eAo~ ~U yuvanca

{jplJ1-U, ro re ttpotekn. uovootoxoi E!J...ei8Ulal

"HPTJ~ euyartpe[; mK:pci~ wolVa~ lxOUaaL ....

(0J1.7jpOU, LhaS', J1269-275)

I1w~ oe yUVOiKO mo srorpovsvvnv 01 rtucportovofiotpsg

8££~ Acxouoec OqJOXTrj m£AVouv£, K1 eivo t Trj~ 'Hpc c Kap£~,

KOl o£pVOUV OOU~A£POU~ ~onio(i) TOU~ , qJOPllOK(i)ll£VOU~

navou~

EAOYGIA XAPIHHI ON�

fl EiMi8LlIo ~TOV fl KUpio 8EOTflTo Tfle; Auvioou. LTflV

rplrr: OEIPO KOToYPOCPETOI crrlonc EVoe; ouooococ

IJE IJEAI rroo rrpoorptptro: O£ uro oMfl 8EOTflTo, TO

OVOlJo Tfle; orrolcc OIOTflPEiTOI onOOnoOIJOTIKO.

flportivtto: fl orroxoroorcon Tfle; OOTIK~e; mWOEC.0e;

e-ne-si-do-]o-ne TOll m8ovou OVOIJOTOe; oVbpIK~e;

8EOTflToe; *EV£Olb6 hcuv, (Jorro Kol Adrodos 1985,219),

TO onoio oLloXETi~nol IJE rnv AlJvlOO OTflV rnvoxlco M

719 TOll 10ioLl ypocpEo, orro TOV iOlo xwpo. LUlJcpCUVo

IJE 0PIOIJEVOLle; EpWVflTEe; npoKEITOI vro Enl8ETIKO

npooblOPIOIJO TOll nooElbc0vo (Aura Jorro xcn Adrodos

1985 , 219) . EnmMov, fl 8EOfl Tfle; EIMi8Llloe; OTO rrovueo TCUV KPflTIKWV rnvoxlocov [""poIJIJIK~e; B KOTob£IKVUETOI

orro Tfl cpLlMoOXfllJfl rnvoxloo Gg(l) 702, ornv onoio

b£V 0flAc0vETol TOnCUvUlJlo. LUlJcpCUVo IJ£ oLlT~V oMol

bUO ouoooclc IJE IJEAI rrpootptoovro: «rrooc OAOLle;

TOlle; 8wue;)) (po-si te-o-i) Kol «rrooc rn v Florvro TOll

!\o~lJpiv80Ll)) (do-pu po-ti-ni-jo) , IJIO OflIJOVTIK~2-ri-to-jo

KVCUOIOK~ 8EOTflTo.

01 mvoKib£e; KN Od(2) 714.b Kol Od(2) 715.0 TOll

£~ £lbIKWIJE VOLl [""poqxo 103 orro TOV 80AoIJ0 Tfle;

Ioiyovporpioc IJE TO KOOlJfllJO (Olivier 1967 , 44-50, 131­

132) ocpopouv O£ IJIO oMfl mLlX~ TCUV OIKOVOIJIKWV Tfle;

AOTpEioe;. H EIMi8LlI0 AOIJ~OV£I orro TOlle; KvcuoioLle;

YPoCPEIOKpOT£e; ulo oKEpolfl IJOVOOo lJoMlou, rroo

IOObLlVolJEi IJE 30 KIAO TOll rrooiovroc. EVc0 OTflV

rnvokioo Od(2) 716.0 iocue; AolJ~OV£1 oKOIJO Kol

TEOO£ple; IJOVOOEe; lJoMlou. 0 rrpoopiouoc oLlTWV TCUV

rrpoorpopcov bEV OflAWVETOI, iocue; OIJCUe; oXETi~ETOI IJ£

~IOTEXVIK~ bpoOTflPIOTflTO, orpoo TO OVOIJOTo 0-*65­

no KOI to-wo-ko-to rrou ovoqxoovroi O£ oLlTO TO

KOTOOTIXo m8ovc0e; OV~KOLlV O£ rrpoocorruco xorrorou

ccvoornoioo ixpovroupvloc (Londenius Enegren

2008, 98 , 173) . Kor ' ovoxovlo IJE nflYEe; TCUV IOTOPIKWV

Xpo vcuv (LOcpOKA~e;, OicSiITouC; [ ITi KoAcuvw, 461-493)

0XETIKO IJ£ rn v oCPIEpcuOfl rtpoorpopcov OTOLle; 8wue;

EXEI, crrlonc. npOTo8£i OTI iocue; TO 1J0Mi rrpooprcorov

vro TOV OTOAIOIJO IJE ylpAovTEe; TCUV OIJCPOPECUV IJ£ TO

IJEAI (Weilhortner 2005, 45).

41