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EICA
“Evolution of increased competitive ability in invasive nonindigenous plants: a hypothesis”
by Bernd Blossey and Rolf Notzold1995
Our Hypothesis
EICA: Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability
1. Optimal Defense2. Specialized Herbivore Performance
Hypothesis Background
What is the EICA hypothesis?
Simply put: -Without native predators, introduced plants are able to reallocate defense mechanism resources and focus on their growth and development
Specialized Herbivores will perform better because the plants have limited defense.
EICA in Invasive Nonindigenous Plants
Lythrum salicaria
-Seeds collected from native and invaded environments
-Herbivorous insects tested
Blossey, Notzfold, 1995
Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability in Invasive Nonindigenous
Plants
Was the EICA hypothesis supported?
Methods for Our Research
Collected data from various articles using Google Scholar, Web of Science, UMass Library Databases
Alternate Findings
“No evidence for an ‘evolution of increased competitive ability’ for the invasive Lepidium draba” Cripps et al. 2008
All plant traits greater in native plants
Proposition?
References
Joshi, J. and Vrieling, K. (2005), The enemy release and EICA hypothesis revisited: incorporating the fundamental difference between specialist and generalist herbivores. Ecology Letters, 8: 704–714. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00769.x
Bossdorf, O., Prati, D., Auge, H. and Schmid, B. (2004), Reduced competitive ability in an invasive plant. Ecology Letters, 7: 346–353. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00583.x
Fukano, Y., & Tetsukazu, Y. (2012). Changes in Defense of an Alien Plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia before and after the Invasion of a Native Specialist Enemy Ophraella communa. MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES, 7(11). Retrieved October 16, 2014, from http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=10&SID=4DOmUeua3qHkeSwQGa1&page=1&doc=6#
"EICA Hypothesis." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Aug. 2014. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.Validity checked with cited information on Wiki