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Effects of Groundwater on Topography
ByDiana L. Duckworth
Rustburg High SchoolCampbell County, VA
Karst Topography
• Karst topography forms in limestone– carbon dioxide dissolves in groundwater– makes a weak acid which attacks rock
• Cracks become enlarged into caverns– groundwater deposits stalactites and stalagmites
• When roof of cave collapses, make a sinkhole; forms on surface as a depression
• Many lakes and disappearing rivers
Green River disappears underground inMammoth Caves National Park
Inside caves - groundwaterdeposits of calcite: stalactites stalagmites columns
Mineral springs are surfacegroundwater deposits
Roaring Springs Grand Canyon North Rim
Center Pivot irrigation: radius 1/4 mile, pumpingwell in center of each circle