Effect on Employment

Social Impact The effect on cultural practices, rules of

behaviour, doing business an work-related activities.

What actually changes? More efficient business More efficient manufacturing People are brought close together More varied entertainment and recreational Wider range of educational tools Convenience

Effects of changing work pattern Loss of employment Retraining Stress and fear

Due of loss of employment Lack in computer literate Less educated in computer knowledge Prefer re-employment Lack in basic education or interest in

modern technology Some prefer to look for other jobs

Before and Present Printing Industry

Before: Daily newsapaper used to be printed on an old fashined printing press. Each word had to be created by ‘type setting’ by hand. (Type setting meant picking each individual letter and creating sentences backwards) then printed off in a large batch.

Now: Newspaper are written by journalists who use a computer. The digital layout is then transferred to the printer and newspaper are printed very quickly in their thousands.

Benefit: Can print large amount quickly

Before and Present Secretarial Work

Before: A typist would use a manual typewriter. Documents had to be typed carefully since mistakes were hard to fixed since there are no formatting features.

Now: Most people do their own typing directly into their desktop PC. They can made amendments as they go along, they can use formatting to improve the look of their document and they can correct mistakes quickly.

Benefits: - Mistakes can be changed quickly - Have formatting features which makes document

looks good Negative: Typing is no longer a specialist skill and many typist lost

their jobs

Before and Present Banking

Before: The only way to withdraw money from your account was to queue up and wait to speak to a bank teller.People have to queue up and can only go to banks during working hours

Now: Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) was developed. Customers could serve themselves.

They could withdraw cash, check their balances and order statements without ever having to speak to a member of staff.

Online banking or e-banking was developed. Means making use of the electronic banks (e-banking) for banking services. For example, paying electrcal bills, water and telephone bills; transferring money from one account to nother and also checking account balances.

Benefits: Faster service (no need to queue or travel to the bank) Reduce on paying staff salary

Negative: Led to job losses (jobs are replace by computers)

Computer Services E-shopping (Tele-shopping) Online banking (Tele-banking) Tele-commuting Tele-conferencing Tele-officing

Telecommuting / Teleworking Telecommuting means working from home.

Advantages: Less travel Working hours to suit the individual There is no need to live near the work place Savings on expensive office spaces

Disadvantages Less social contact A suitable room has to be found at home Likelihood of interuptions from family

Teleconferencing It means an ‘electronic meeting’ conducted among people at distant

locations through computer networks. Advantages:

Businesses can save on hotel and travel expenses Meetings can take place without leaving the office Meetings can be called instantly worldwide with little notice Delegates can still attend meetings even if they are physically unable to

attend

Disadvantages: May not be as productive as a discussion around a table Confidential documents may need to be viewed and signed in person There will always be times when you need to be able to meet face to face

Teleshopping Don’t have to go to supermarket Shopping can be done by home PC Customer can select the products using PC

and pay by Credit card

Telebanking Don’t have to go to the bank Saves petrol Able to transfer money from one account to

another Pay bills and check statements Manage accounts even from abroad

Tele-Officing People can enjoy the comfort of their

homes Traffic congestion can be reduced Petrols can be saved