Eesti Polaaruuringute Komisjon ja Euroopa Polaarkomitee (EPB)

Rein Vaikmäe

Eesti TA nõupidamine “Eesti rahvusvahelistes teadusorganisatsioonides”

Tallinn, 19.05.2014

Polaarpiirkondade ja sealsete uuringute olulisus

Maa kliimasüsteemi ühed olulisimad komponendid (drivers)

Rahvusvaheline teaduskoostöö

Polaaruuringute kolmnurk

TEADUS

TEHNOLOOGIA

INFRASTRUKTUUR

LOGISTIKA

POLIITIKA

GLOBAALSED ROBLEEMID

OSOONIAUK ANTARKTIKA

KOHAL 2005.a

(EUROOPA SUURUNE

PIIRKOND)

JÄÄPUURSÜDAMIKUD TULEVIKU KLIIMA INFOALLIKATENA

180

210

240

270

Vostok data

CO

2 /

pp

mv

-450

-420

-390

-360

0 200 400 600 800

EPICA Dome C data

COLD

WARM

Age / thousand of years before present

D

ice

/ ‰

EK/ESF EPICA PROJEKT

10 RIIKI

900,000 AASTA KLIIMA AJALUGU

Recent Polar Research

Projects in Europe

DAMOCLES-A MAJOR PROJECT FUNDED UNDER EC FRAMEWORK

PROGRAMME 6 EUROPEAN CLIMATE RESEARCH PROGRAMME FOR

THE ARCTIC OCEAN 16Million Euro-over Five Years.

POLAR RESEARCH

INFRASTRUCTURES

RESEARCH ICEBREAKERS

RESEARCH STATIONS

THEMATIC FACILITIES (POLAR ASTRONOMY)

OBSERVING THE POLAR

REGIONS

STRATEGIC- DECISION SUPPORT FOR EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS

DETECTING ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS

SUPPORTING SCIENCE

POLAARUURINGUTE KOORDINEERIMINE EUROOPA

TASANDIL

EUROPEAN SCIENCE FOUNDATIONS

EUROPEAN POLAR BOARD 20 COUNTRIES-FUNDING AGENCIES AND NATIONAL OPERATORS

European Polar Board

Euroopa Polaaruuringute Komitee European Polar Board (EPB)

1995. a asutatud Euroopa Teadusfondi (ESF) juures tegutsev strateegiline ekspertkogu, mis esindab ESF liikmesriikide huvisid polaaraladel läbiviidavate teadusuuringute kavandamisel ja vastava infrastruktuuri väljaarendamisel.

Missioonidokumendist:

“The European Polar Board (EPB) is Europe’s principle strategic forum for Science Policy Issues in the Arctic and Antarctic. The Board is a platform for European engagement in International Science programmes and provides strategic science policy advice to the European Commission and international bodies.”

LIIKMELISUS

• Pooling European Key Expertise and Means

• Membership is open to organisations which are based in Europe and are either ESF member organisations, major national polar scientific institutions, or groups of national relevant scientific institutions which combine to form a single membership to the European Polar Board.

LIIKMELISUS

• EPB-l on 34 liikmesorganisatsiooni 19 Euroopa riigist

• Austria, Belgia, Bulgaaria, Tšehhi, Taani, Eesti, Soome, Prantsusmaa, Saksamaa, Itaalia, Luksemburg, Norra, Poola, Rumeenia, Venemaa, Hispaania, Rootsi, Holland, Inglismaa

EPB

• The European Polar Board is financed by its Member Organisations and has a Secretariat based at the European Science Foundation. It meets in plenary at least once a year

• Chair & Executive Committee (6 Positions)

EPB: external relations

• International Cooperation

• Science and Policy advice

• Enlargement and stability

EPB: science

• Arctic Science Plan

• Southern Ocean

• Polar Astronomy

• Polar Biodiversity

• Subglacial lakes and life in extreme environments

• Green paper2012:“European Research in Polar Regions“

• Horizon 2020

Horizon2020

• Call BG15-2014:European polar research cooperation

• Polar Research Progress through Optimal Integration of Science with European Society

• (PROPROISES)

• Ca 2Meur,max 30 month: Coordinator AWI

• Consortium:EPB members, as national hubs.

EPB: infrastructure

• Icebeaker coordination

• Eurostation

• Enabeling technologies

• Space Platforms

EUROPOLAR Strategic Coordination and Structuring of European Polar RTD

Programmes

EU Framework Programme 6 Priority ERA-NET

EUROPOLAR

Põhieesmärk on polaaruuringutega seotud teadus- ja arendustegevuse ning selle infrastruktuuri kasutamise ja arendamise koordineerimine Euroopas.

Põhiülesanded: • Struktureerida rahvuslikud polaaruuringud 19 Euroopa riigis,

kaasaarvatud Vene Föderatsioonis; • Luua ühised polaaruuringute programmid; • Hinnata Euroopa polaaruuringute programme ja olemasolevat

infrastruktuuri; • Nõuannete väljatöötamine Euroopa riikide valitsustele

polaaruuringutega seotud otsuste tegemiseks; • Ehitada üles tulevaste polaaruuringute finantseerimise struktuur

Euroopas

Strategic Management

Board

(SMB)

25 Partners

19 Countries

Managing Agency

Chair (SMB)

Dr Gerard Jugie-Coordinator

IPEV

Contractual-Financial Executive Directorate

Dr Paul Egerton

European Science

Foundation

Science Advisory

Council (SAC)

EPICOM

European Polar

Infrastructure Committee

Central

Secretariat- ESF

EPC Technical Committee

(TECHCOM)

European Polar

Management

Information System

‘Polar Portal’

European Polar

Consortium

Policy Advisory

System

‘Polar Alert’

Reporting to European Commission

1. Institute Polaire Paul Emile Victor, France (Coordinator).

2. European Polar Board-European Science Foundation

(Executive Direction).

3. Austria Fonds Zur Forederung der Wissenschaftlichen

Forschung.

4. Belgium Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique.

5. Belgium Fonds Voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, FWO

Vlaanderen.

6. Belgium BELSPO Belgium Federal planning Service-Science

Policy.

7. Bulgaria Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

8. Czech Republic Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports.

9. Denmark The Commission for Scientific Research in Greenland

Danish Polar Center.

10. Denmark Danish Research Agency.

11. Estonia Estonian Science Foundation.

12. Finland Ministry of Transport and Communications.

13. Germany Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine

Research.

14. Germany Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung.

15. Greenland Department of Culture, Research and Church,

Greenland Home Rule Government.

16. Italy Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (PNRA)

Programme Nationale della Recherche Antartide.

17. Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research

18. Norway Research Council of Norway.

19. Norway Norwegian Polar Institute, Royal Ministry of the

Environment.

20. Poland Ministry of Scientific Research and Information

Technology.

21. Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and

Environmental Monitoring Arctic and Antarctic Research

Institute.

22. Romania Ministry of Education and Research.

23. Spain Ministry of Education and Science.

24. Sweden Ventenskapsradet (VR) Swedish Research Council.

25. United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council.

EUROPOLAR initiative

• European Partnerships in Polar Climate Science :first European Joint call EUROPOLAR ERA-NET

• ESF EUROCORES model

Miks peaks Eesti osalema polaarpiirkondade teadusuuringutes?

• Tagada kompetents globaalsete keskkonna- ja kliimamuutuste alases debatis ( NB! Reaktsioon IPCC 5.Aruandele Eestis)

• Panus maailmateadusesse

• Eesti (teaduse) rahvusvahelise “nähtavuse” suurendamine

Eesti Polaaruuringute Komisjon

• Jaak Jaagus

• Volli Kalm

• Enn Kaup (teadussekretär)

• Tarmo Kõuts (MSI)

• Tarmo Kõuts

• Jüri Martin

• Anto Raukas

• Mart Saarso

• Andres Tarand

• Indrek Tarand

• Priit Tisler

• Rein Vaikmäe (esimees)

• Martin Zobel

Estonian competence and

technological capability

relevant to arctic research Anu Reinart, Tartu Observatory

Input:

J. Jaagus, E. Kaup, R.Vaikmäe, T. Martma, J.

Elken, T. Kõuts, E. Jakobson, A. Usk

Estonian-Norwegian meeting 30.10.2012

IPPC

IPCC report 2007

Session: Climate

Change and the Arctic

Statements from Europan Space

Agency initiative about Climate Change

and Arctic • Invest in non-space observation infrastructure & surveys

• Foster international and inter-institutional collaboration as

the key to success

• Guarantee ‘obstacle free’ access to data and archives

• Improve dialogue scientists – operational users

• Ensure long-term continuity of observation from space

• Shorten the time needed to bring ‘research’ space-borne sensor to operations

• Strengthen governance among Arctic countries and involve non-Arctic ones

• Improve co-ordination of initiatives

• Accelerate the development of operational decision support and early warning systems

• Develop further the Ecosystem approach

Estonian Polar Research Programme for

2014-2020 Research on paleoclimates and paleoenvironments

– Paleoclimates from ice cores – Climate and environmental changes since the Last Glacial Maximum reflected in

northern Russian lake sediments – Multi-proxy investigation of the palaeoenvironmental content of the Pleistocene marine

isotope stages

Sea ice research – Sea ice dynamics in conditions of rising air temperature – Impact of changing ice conditions on winter navigation in Polar Regions

Atmospheric studies in the Polar Regions – Changes in the large-scale atmospheric circulation over the Arctic Region – Structure of the atmospheric boundary layer – Teleconnections between climate variability in the Arctic region and northern

Europe

Biosystems adaptations and resilience under climate change scenarios – Decreasing resilience of polar coastal marine communities and potential

implications for a warmer future – Effects of climate change and human impact on the dynamics of arctic plant

communities – Climate sensitivity of whole-lake metabolism in polar and boreal lakes – Climate-induced changes of microbial diversity and their functional role in

catchments of polar lakes Social and Human research of Polar Regions

– Arctic Peoples’ Subsistence Technologies, Adaptation Strategies and Religious Change

– Historical polar expeditions and their effect on modern polar studies

Project: Climate and environmental

changes

in polar regions related to global

changes and their influence on climate

variability in the northern Europe“ 2012-

2015

Erko Jakobson and Timo Palo expedition 2006-2009

• SAFEWIN Safe Navigation in Dynamic Ice

Conditions 2009-2013

• SAFEICE, 2003-2007, - Safety of

NAvigation in icebound Seas.

Observations of ice dynamics

Observations of compression in ice field

AIS (Automatic Identification System) data analysis for

compressive ice field

Modelling of ice dynamics and compression

Safety of

winter

navigation

Ice buoy carrying a state-of-the-art smart LED

lantern: detect arrival of the darkness, constantly

measures the position and inclination of the

host buoy to make decisions about posting off-

position report or going into full hibernation

during submersion under the ice.

Cybernetica AS

O 1981 o 1985 1987

o 1976 1997 2008

o 2005

o 1975

o 1980

1975 Gronfjordbreen-Fridtjovbreen

1976 Lomonosovfonna

1980 Amundsenisen

1981 Vestfonna

1985 Austfonna

1987 Austfonna

1997 Lomonosovfonna

2005 Holtedahlfonna

With Institute of Geography, Moscow, USSR

With NPI and others

2009 Lomonosovfonna

Drilling projects

with participation Institute of Geology TUT

By Vaikmäe and Martma

Nutrients in active layers of

catchments of polar lakes are changing

with warming- active layer is deepening

Role of bacteria in transformation and

release of organic matter need to be

studied

Enn Kaup, Antarctic lakes

Optical radiometry: charactrization and calibration Satellite product validation Image processing Remote sensing instruments

Estonian PECS- 1

2011-1013

12 projects selected: - Space science – 1 - Earth observation – 3 - Human Spaceflight, Microgravity and Exploration – 3 - Satellite communication – 1 - Industrial policy – 3 - Education – 1

FP7-SPACE-2010- Electric sail propulsion technology, ESAIL,

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