重塑与再造：面向未来的效能警务 - the-aaps.org · Remodeling and Rebuilding:On the Future-Oriented Efficient & Effective Policing 2015-10-27 浙江警察学院张福成

浙江警察学院 Zhejiang Police College

2015 AAPS Annual Conference and “Police and Science” International Forum

重塑与再造：面向未来的效能警务 Remodeling and Rebuilding:On the Future-

Oriented Efficient & Effective Policing

2015-10-27

浙江警察学院张福成 Zhang Fucheng

Zhejiang Police College 中国-杭州 Hangzhou， China



一、从世界警务革命看未来警务发展：效能警务时代或将到来

I.To See the Future Policing Development from the Perspective of

World Policing Revolution: The Efficient & Effective Policing is

Approaching



现代都市警察的产生 Metropolitan Police Act of 1829,by Robert Peel

警察专业化 Movement of Police Professionalism

警务现代化 Modernlization of Policing

社区警务战略 The Emergence of Community Policing Strategy



启示： What can we learn from the four policing revolutions?



困惑： Puzzlement:

以社区警务运动为标志的第四次警务革命，到现在已经延续了40多年，但它并不能根本解决警力、经费、装备不足和警务有效性等问题。

The forth policing revolution with a sign of community policing movement has lasted for more than 40 years. However, it can’t fundamentally solve problems such as shortage of police, financial support, policing efficiency and effectiveness, etc.



未来： In the future:

第五次警务革命？（会否出现？何时？何地？） The Fifth Policing Revolution?（Will? When? Where?



一些思考线索： Some hints:

1 四次警务革命发生的时间、地点及变革的内容，都是以欧美国家的警务思想和理论为主导的，这与当时的世界格局和各国的经济、科技、社会发展水平密切相关。 The time, place and content of four revolutions are all oriented

by policing thoughts and theory in European countries and the

U.S., which are closely related with world pattern and the

developments in economy, science and technology and society

of all the countries at that time.



在“信息社会化、社会信息化”的时代背景下，建立在及时性、准确性和反应灵敏性基础之上的警务工作科学性、有效性，成为警务工作的必然要求。 Under the time of information socialization and society

informatization, the scientificity and effectiveness of

policing based on timeliness, accuracy and sensitivity

become a must.

2




尽管四次警务革命为世界警务理论和实践留下了宝贵的财富，但不可否认，以前的每一次警务改革都有其局限性，新的警务改革应该是系统的、综合的、高效的和可持续的。 The four revolutions have enriched theory and practice of

world revolution, but we can’t deny the limitation of each

policing reform, the new reform of policing should be

systematic, comprehensive, efficient and.

3




中国与国际间的警务合作交流进一步扩大，警务改革的影响力也越来越大,中国社会治安系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理的理论和实践，可以看成是警务改革的基本遵循，也为警务效能建设提供了理论依据。 The police cooperation between China and the world has been

further extended, the influence of policing revolution has

become greater, theories and practice originate in China of

systematic treatment, governance by law, comprehensive

treatment, and source control can be considered as the basic

principle of policing reform, as well as theoretical basis of the

construction of the policing efficiency and effectiveness.

4





一、从世界警务革命看未来警务发展：

效能警务时代或将到来 Maybe the Efficient & Effective Policing is Approaching

综上，警务效能建设也许是第五次警务革命的一个重要标志，或者说，警务效能建设是第五次警务革命的一个重要引擎。 So, if the fifth worldwide policing revolution has arrived, the

construction of the policing efficiency and effectiveness may be one

of the important signs, or it is an important engine of the fifth

policing revolution.



二、用效能思考现代警务—社会治理的视角II.Thinking Modern Policing with Efficiency and Effectiveness—

A Social Governance Perspective



社会治理是一个全社会参与、体现平等合作关系、实现公共利益最大化的过程。与社会管理不同，社会治理更强调“社会本位”的理念和原则，重在调控、引导、服务和整合社会，既体现合作参与，又讲求治理效能，达到“善治”目标。 Social governance is a process in which the whole society is

involved, equivalent cooperation relationship is reflected and maxim

public benefit is realized. Different from social management, social

governance attach more importance to the ideal and principle of

social orientation, focusing on regulating, guiding and combining

society, which not only reflects cooperation and involvement, but

stresses governance efficiency and effectiveness, aiming to Good

Governance.



效能警务是在一定的资源限制下，以一定的制度、机制和方式，使整体处于高效运作、良性循环和可持续发展状态，实现目标达成与优化的一种警务理念和模式。 Efficient and effective policing is the policing concept and model which applies

certain system, mechanism, and approach to maintain the efficiency and effectiveness

of the whole police operation system with sustainability and virtuous cycle, so that

the policing objectives can be achieved and optimized, when it is under certain

circumstance where resources available are limited.

孟建柱: 公安机关要“不断提高社会治理效能和服务群众水平”。 Mr. Meng Jianzhu:

Police agencies should continuously improve

social governance efficiency and effectiveness

and service level.



现代警务需要用“效能”的标准来衡量，并且要以此依据进行持续的改进，使各层级、各警种及其成员都能够为达到预期的目标而努力，通过一定的制度、机制与方式，使警务工作各个方面和所有环节具有良好的绩效，并得到整体发展和提高，处于良性循环和可持续发展状态，达到内外平衡。 Modern policing needs to be measured by efficiency and effectiveness,

and improved continuously in accordance with it, encouraging each

level, each kind of police and its members to work hard to reach the

expected goals, representing achievements in every aspect and obtaining

global development and improvement through a certain kind of system,

mechanism and method, reaching balance to maintain the status of

virtuous circle and sustainable development.



用效能思考警务需要关注：

Attention:

1

2

警务效能是组织的一种特性，这种特性不仅是静态的，而且是动态的，是一种静态和动态的结合。 Policing efficiency and effectiveness is an organizational

feature, which is both static and dynamic.

警务功能决定警务效能，警务效能影响警务功能的发挥，警务效能是一种正向的警务功能，负向的功能不在其中。 Policing efficiency and effectiveness is determined by

policing function and has an impact on it. Policing

efficiency is a positive policing function, excluding

negtive ones.



3

4

警务效能必须达成一定的警务目标，目标的达成应以社会公众的满意为取向，同时也要让警察自身满意。 Policing efficiency and effectiveness should reach a certain

policing goal oriented by public satisfaction as well as self

contentment.

警务效能既有“人”的因素，又有“事”和“物”的因素，是综合作用的结果，其中“人”的因素是第一位的。 As a comprehensive result, policing efficiency and

effectiveness has factors such as the person, the issue and the

object. Among these factors, person ranks the first.



5

6

外部环境对警务效能的作用和影响很大，有时甚至是决定性的，警方应着力通过自身努力，争取各方支持，改善环境，避免公共危机。 External environment has great impact on policing efficiency

and effectiveness, sometimes plays a desicive role. The

police need to obtain support from different angles, improve

environment and avoid public crisis.

按照社会治理的基本要求，探寻建立政府领导、警方主导、各种社会主体共同参与合作、良性互动的“警务共同体”，应该是警务效能建设的积极选择。 According to basic requirements of social governance,

exploring and setting up a government-led, police-oriented

and all-involved policing community is a positive choice in

policing efficiency and effectiveness construction.



三、全面深化改革：提高现代警务效能的中国范式

Ⅲ. deepen the reform in an all-round way—A Chinese paradigm for promote modern policing efficiency

and effectiveness



中国已经全面开启深化警务改革的大幕，深入推进警务机制改革，以提高防范打击犯罪的能力水平；深入推进公安行政管理改革，以提高服务群众的能力水平；深入推进人事管理制度改革，以提高公安队伍素质能力和人力资源管理的科学化水平。 China has launched a project of comprehensively deepening the

policing reform, pushing forward the policing mechanism reform to

improve abilities of crime prevention and combat, pushing forward

policing administration reform to improve abilities of serving people,

pushing forward human resources management system to improve the

quality of police force and its scientific level.



从根本上说，警务改革就是要突破思想观念和体制机制的束缚，建立完善现代警务工作和队伍建设的制度体系，使警务活动更科学、更有力、更有效，从而实现警务目标的达成和优化。因此，警务效能建设不仅是警务改革的立足点和出发点，也是警务改革的着力点和突破口。 Basically, policing reform needs to break the rules of thoughts

and concepts, system and mechanism, construct a system to perfect

modern policing and team building, making policing activities more

scientific, powerful and effective, so as to reach and optimize policing

goals. Therefore, policing efficiency and effectiveness construction is

not only the standing and starting point, but also the support and

breakthrough point.



中国公安机关正在深入推进基础信息化、警务实战化、执法规范化、队伍正规化建设的“四项建设”，推动公安事业内涵式发展，警务效能的理论与实践为推进“四项建设”和内涵式发展提供了全新的视角和有力的抓手。 The police agency in China has been further promoting Four

Constructions such as the informatization of the foundation, actual-

combat-orientation of policing, standardization of law enforcement, as

well as the standardization of the police force, pushing forward

intensive development of policing. The theory and practice of policing

efficiency and effectiveness provide a brand new perspective and a

powerful handle for Four Constructions and intensive development.



从结构维度看:社会共治、多元善治

From the dimension of structure：cooperative management ,

pluralism good-governance

•从技术维度看:规范化、信息化、有效性

From the dimension of technology：normalization,

informatization, effectiveness

•从机制维度看：激励机制、分类管理

From the dimension of mechanism: motivation system, classified

management



结论：自觉运用和不断丰富警务效能理论，坚持以群众安全感满意度为根本标准，深化改革，推动警务内涵式发展，这应该是未来警务发展的正确选择。

Conclusion: Consciously applying and continuously enriching the theory of

policing efficiency and effectiveness, persisting in taking public

sense of safety and contentment as fundamental standards,

deepening reform, promoting policing intensive development are

correct choices of future policing development.



谢谢!

Thank you

Documents

重塑与再造：面向未来的效能警务 - the-aaps.org · Remodeling and Rebuilding:On the Future-Oriented Efficient & Effective Policing 2015-10-27 浙江警察学院 张福成

重塑与再造：面向未来的效能警务 - the-aaps.org · Remodeling and Rebuilding:On the Future-Oriented Efficient & Effective Policing 2015-10-27 浙江警察学院张福成