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Eionet NRC Soil meeting – EEA, Copenhagen, 15 October 2015
EEA technical report (forthcoming)
‘Soil resource efficiency in urbanised areas Analytical framework and implications for governance’
Geertrui Louwagie
Natural systems and sustainability programme, Land systems group
Soil within the land system
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Source: EEA, 2015, The European Environment: State & Outlook 2015 (SOER 2015), European briefing ‘Land systems’.
Asset- and place-based governance
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Source: EEA, 2015, The European Environment: State & Outlook 2015 (SOER 2015), European briefing ‘Land systems’.
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Natural capital and ecosystems
Frame for soil valuation & governance
• Urbanised: core urban and peri-urban (transition)
• Soil is a finite and non-renewable resource
•
‘Urbanised areas’
© Geertrui Louwagie
Ecological soil valuation in urbanised areas
• (Peri-)urban: new context for soil formation & development
• Soil information in core urban areas missing or fragmented
• Knowledge base for ecological soil valuation (quantity and quality) absent
Source: Soil Map of Belgium – Scale 1:20000.
Monetary soil valuation in urbanised areas
• The ‘essentialness’ of soils (marginal value)
• Cost-benefit analysis – methodological limitations
• Project-level/site-specific versus regional-level valuation
• Limited evidence in urbanised areas (knowledge base)
Relative importance of soils
Land use
Conservation Agriculture Urban
Goods & services
Provisioning Low High Low (biomass)
– High (carrier)
Regulating &
supporting
High Moderate-High Low-High
Cultural High Moderate Moderate-High
Soil valuation – Implications for governance
• Soil protection instruments – public and private
• Mix of policy instruments recommended
Intervention Public/government Private
Instrument Regulatory Economic Awareness-raising
Price-based Market-based
Process to control external impacts Participation
Government enforces environmental law; command-and-control approach; Mandatory
Government provides incentives for
behavioural changes by modifying existing markets;
Voluntary
Government provides incentives for
behavioural changes by creating new markets;
Voluntary
Government raises awareness by
providing grants and credits (investment support) Voluntary
Private, self-motivated change of behaviour Voluntary
Examples Soil protection legislation
Subsidies; fiscal intervention (tax on use)
Tradable development rights; eco-labelling
Outreach and education; innovation
Adoption of sustainable soil management practices
Converting broad policy options into action
• Additional scope for recognition of soil in governance– Urban soil function maps as basis for integration in spatial
planning
– Green infrastructure: an appropriate intervention framework
– From linear to circular economy: soil as a resource versus soil as waste
– ...
© Geertrui Louwagie
