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An Introduction TO VLSI. EE 445 Industrial electronics course presentation. Ahmed Hamidaddin - 221836. Introduction. A top down view of computer usage components:. Manufactured practically using. Program/App. Your Choice!. High Level Language. ICS 103. VLSI. Assembly Language. EE 390. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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EE 445INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICSCOURSE PRESENTATION
Ahmed Hamidaddin - 221836
AN INTRODUCTION
TO VLSI
2
Introduction A top down view of computer usage
components:Program/App. Your Choice!
High Level Language
ICS 103
Assembly Language
EE 390
Microprocessor EE 390
Digital Logic Blocks
EE 200
Transistors (MOSFETs & BJTs)
EE 203
VLSI
Manufactured
practically using
3
VLSI? ICs are the basic block of electronic
device design. They contain many transistors on one
chip. Digital devices rely on digital logic. First half of 20th century ruled by vacuum
tubes. The magical PN junction - 1939 Transistor – 1947, BJT – 1949, TTL –
1962, PMOS – 60’s, NMOS – 70’s, CMOS – 80’s surviving until nowadays.
4
EvolutionGeneration Year Logic
BlocksOne gate 1960 1Multi-function 1962 2~20Medium Scale Integration (MSI)
1967 20~200
Large Scale Integration (LSI) 1972 200~2000Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)
1978 2000~20000
Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI)
1989 20000~ A logic block contains 2+ transistors. You build your microprocessor using these blocks!
5
Moore’s Law
1,000,000
100,000
10,0001,000
10
100
11975 1980 19851990 1995 2000 20052010
808680286
i386i486
Pentium®Pentium® Pro
K 1 Billion Transistors !!!
Source: Intel
Projected
Pentium®
II
Pentium®
III
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The PN Junction: The Secret Recipe!
7
MOSFET Retrospect
8
CMOS Inverter
A Y
0
1
VDD
A Y
GNDA Y
9
CMOS Inverter: Low Input
A Y
0 1
1 0
VDD
A=0 Y=1
GND
OFF
ON
A Y
I
10
CMOS Inverter: Low Input
A Y
0 1
1 0
A Y
11
CMOS Inverter: High Input
A Y
0
1 0
VDD
A=1 Y=0
GND
ON
OFF
A Y
I
1
12
CMOS Inverter: High Input
A Y
0
1 0
A Y
1
13
CMOS NAND Gate
A B Y
0 0 1
0 1
1 0
1 1
A=0
B=0
Y=1OFF
ON ON
OFF
14
CMOS NAND Gate
A B Y
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0
1 1
A=0
B=1
Y=1OFF
OFF ON
ON
15
CMOS NAND Gate
A B Y
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1
A=1
B=0
Y=1ON
ON OFF
OFF
16
CMOS NAND Gate
A B Y
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
A=1
B=1
Y=0ON
OFF OFF
ON
17
Advantages of CMOS Very low power consumption. Rail-to-rail voltage. Modular design. Reliable and robust.
Choice of the
industry!
Intel 4004Intel Pentium 4
18
One Main Challenge in CMOS Increasing temperature increases gate
leakage current, or the current escaping through the gate oxide.
19
Design Hierarchy
n+n+S
GD
+
DEVICE
CIRCUIT
GATE
MODULE
SYSTEM
20
Design Flowchart
System Requirements
Logic Design
VLSI Design and Layout
Design Verification
Fabrication/Synthesis
fail
pass
21
Conclusion VLSI is a mature field of electrical and
computer engineering that deals with semi-conductor properties to design patterns that form the building blocks to serve digital circuit design purposes.
BiCMOS, ECL, TTL technologies currently used. Each has its own applications for its advantages.
Serious VLSI research, design and cutting-edge manufacturing takes place in extremely sophisticated factories and labs (fabs).
22
Thank YOU!
I hope you enjoyed the presentation. I welcome any question. For more information visit:http://lsiwww.epfl.ch/LSI2001/teaching/webcourse/toc.htmlhttp://www.microelectronic.e-technik.tu-darmstadt.de/
lectures/winter/vlsi/vlsi_vorlesung_ef.htmlhttp://bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu/IcBook/
