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ABSTRACT This study investigated the immune system response to infection with

secondary hydatid cysts in BALB/c mice activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) , extracted from Escherichia coli, and infected with protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus of sheep origin .

Pathological changes occuned in mice activated with LPS were followed, in comparison with the control group (mice infected with protoscoleces but not activated by LPS) along the five months peroid of experiments , depending on certain criteria including changes in the means of non-specific and specific immune response represented by changes in the phagocytic index and foot pad thickness, respectively. Results of the study revealed an increase in the non-specific (innate) and specific (cellular) immunity expressed by increase in the rate of phagocytic index and foot pad thickness, respectively, in activated mice when compared with the control group.The general conclusion which could be drawn from the present results is that, lipopolysaccharide extracted from E. coli acts as an active immunomodulator and is able to evoke the innate and cell mediated immunity (CMI) in mice infected with secondary hydatid disease .

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