Edge Hill University Water Efficiency · UUBS4031 – Edge Hill University - Water Efficiency report 190516 ... Based on the United Utilities Charges Scheme 2015/16 the unit cost

Edge Hill University

Water Efficiency

19th May 2016

Report

UUBS4031 – Edge Hill University - Water Efficiency report 190516

Prepared by Prepared for

Anthony Owens Mrs. Pamela Brandwood

Water Auditing Technician Energy Manager

07768 153027

United Utilities Edge Hill University

Clearwater 2 St Helens

Lingley Mere Business Park Ormskirk

Great Sankey, Warrington Lancashire

WA5 3LP L39 4QP

Office phone: 0345 0726078 01695 650491

Reviewed by: Mark Taylor

Reference: UUBS 4031

Version number: V1

Issue date: 19th May 2016

United Utilities Total Solutions Ltd is registered in England and Wales. Registration number is 2380133. Registered Address is

Haweswater House, Lingley Mere Business Park, Lingley Green Avenue, Great Sankey, Warrington WA5 3LP.


Executive Summary

A water efficiency site survey was undertaken at the Edge Hill University .

The site visit was completed on the 12th December 2015 by Lee Maddocks from United

Utilities Business Solutions, Anthony Owens was also in attendance throughout the site

survey.

Our aim was to provide efficiency solutions in order to reduce the overall yearly water and

waste water consumption rates and cost levels per full time student and University

employee.

We identified several areas of potential efficiency saving during the brief visit, and I believe if

implemented could save in the region of 5% of the water consumption rates at £12,518.64

per annum.

Potential background losses and leakage can also contribute to the overall annual water

spends equivelent to £29,904.19 per annum if left unchecked.

Total potential savings that maybe gained amounts to £42,422.83 per annum.

Further significant savings can be made throughout the site by implementing a complete

water dilegence monitoring scheme that provides a sustainable approach towards water

efficiencies and savings. We would be happy to work with you further to accomplish this.


Contents

1 Current site consumption and charges ............................................................................. 4

1.1 Yearly metered consumption rates. .......................................................................... 4

1.2 AMR data background leakage and losses .............................................................. 5

1.3 Historical yearly site consumption rates .................................................................... 8

2 Water saving recommendations ..................................................................................... 11

2.1 Shower flow rates ................................................................................................... 11

2.2 Tap flow rates ......................................................................................................... 11

2.3 Urinals. ................................................................................................................... 12

2.4 WC Flushing Cisterns ............................................................................................. 12

2.5 Swimming Pool Facilities ........................................................................................ 12

3 Estimated Cost savings .................................................................................................. 13

4 Summary recommendations ........................................................................................... 14

4.1 Site sub-metering projects ...................................................................................... 14

4.2 Mass balance leakage control full site survey ......................................................... 14

4.3 Leakage detection and pressure management schemes ........................................ 14

4.4 Full water efficiency survey .................................................................................... 14

4.5 Water tankering contingency / emergency supplies ................................................ 14

5 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 15


1 Current site consumption and charges

Water currently enters the campus through one main meter serial number 13W723963.

United Utilities have installed an AMR logging device to the meter, which registers the

overall consumption activities within the property 24hrs a day.

AMR – Automatic Meter Reading that can be accessed remotely through a website portal.

1.1 Yearly metered consumption rates.

Based on the United Utilities Charges Scheme 2015/16 the unit cost of water is currently

£1.681/m3, and £1.072/m3 for sewage, which equates to a combined water and sewage

cost of around £247,694 annum.

Therefore the total cost of using 91,759 m3/year is approximately £247,694 /year this is

summarised in table 1 below.

Table 1: Cost Summary

Volume m3/year

Water Supply Cost

Wastewater Disposal Cost

Total

Meter 113W723963

91,759

£154,246 £93,447 £247,694

Graph 1: Historical yearly site consumption rates

56,446

96,668

77,251

91,759

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2013 2014 2015 2016

Metered consumption in cubic metres per year


1.2 AMR data background leakage and losses

Upon reviewing the most recent AMR data on the 16th March 2016, the logged data did

highlight irregular recording patterns associated with faulty equipment, however this has

been resolved and the logger is currently recording the consumption and flow rates into the

campus.

1.2.1 Faulty Equipment

Graph 2: Faulty meter or logging equipment.

The above graph highlights the periods where the data logging equipment failed.


1.2.2 Historical yearly site consumption rates

Graph 3: Historical yearly site consumption rates

We have indicated two periods of the lowest consumption rates into the campus. These

periods were over the Christmas breaks during 2015 & 2016 as shown by graph 3.

The minimum flow rates during these periods were recorded at 1.24 cubic metres per hour

and this can be deemed to be background losses or unaccounted for water that is detailed in

graph 4. Table 2 provides a yearly cost break down for the background loses or

unaccounted for water.

Graph 4: Minimum flow rates


Table 2: Background losses or unaccounted for water costs.

Volume per Year

(m3/year) Water Supply Cost (£)

Hour 1.24 £3.41

Day 29.76 £81.93

Week 208.32 £573.50

Month 905.20 £2,492.02

Year 10862.4 £29,904.19

Total Costs Per year £29,904.19

Table 2 quantifies the possible cost for any potential background losses or leakage using the

information from graph 4.

1.2.3 Historical hourly minimum night time flow rates

We downloaded approximately 77,000 AMR data entries from the 22nd June 2015 to

10th February 2016. From this data we extracted the daily 2,3,4 & 5am entries in order to

gauge and profile the water consumption and flow rates during non-operational and inactive

periods. Table 3 gives a typical average hourly consumption rate comparison.

Table 3: Minimum night time flow rates.

2am 3am 4am 5am

Average flow rate m3 per

hour 6.31 5.37 3.66 3.30

Cost per hour £ £17.37 £14.78 £10.75 £9.08


Graph 5:

1.3 Historical yearly site consumption rates

Upon further analysis of the AMR data we identified a noticeable rise in the consumption and

flow rates early December 2015. This is highlighted by graph 6 and the period of increase

has been indicated by the red lines.

Graph 6:

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Minimum nite line flow rates

3am 5am


1.3.1 Savings per full time student and staff member

If a 1 cubic metre saving per person per year can be gained by every full time student and

staff member table 4 indicates the potential cost savings gained by achieving small efficiency

savings per head count.

Table 4: Projected annual cost savings

Savings from 1 Cubic metre per full time

Cubic metres Cost Savings

1 year 12000 £33,690.00

1 month 1000 £2,807.50

1 week 231 £647.88

1 day 33 £92.55

1 hour 1.37 £3.86

Table 5 gives a break down of the water savings of 1 cubic metre per person required

throughout the year, month,week,day and hour in order to achieve the potential projected

savings based upon twelve thousand campus students and employee’s

As the table clearly shows, if a saving of 0.0003 litres can be gained per person per day the

overall annual savings could be as high as £33,690.00.

Table 5: Savings per person/ year breakdown

Savings per person/ year breakdown

Litres Cost Savings

Per year 1000 £2.81

Per month 80 £0.23

Per week 20 £0.05

Per day 0.003 £0.01

Per hour 0.000114 £0.0003


Typical University facilities use an average of 180 litres of water per student per day.

However, we have calculated that an average of 131 litres per person per day is consumed

at the Edge Hill University and this level of daily consumption is lower than what would be

normally expected. I believe that the bulk daily consumption will be for domestic purposes

e.g. toilets, showering, cooking and domestic cleaning.

I therefore recommend quantifiable sub-metering to determine this.

The water consumption for the site can be estimated at around 251 m3/day, and over the

course of the year the site will consume approximately 91759 m3. This figure was taken from

the billing data for 2014 – 2015 and does not take into account the current background

leakage levels. (m3 = cubic metre, 1000 litres of water).


2 Water saving recommendations

During the site visit some areas of the facility were observed to already have good practice,

for example waterless urinals and self-closing non-concussive basin taps.

Our survey recorded the following points:

� Shower flow rates

� Tap flow rates

� Urinals

� WC Cistern capacities

� Swimming pool facilities

2.1 Shower flow rates

There is a mixture of wall mounted showers with either flexible hose or fixed wall mounted

high heads. The showers have a varied rate of flow exceeding the industry acceptable

standard of 7.6 litres per minute.

I recommend the showers be fitted with water saving shower heads or inline flow restrictors

that will deliver no more than the prescribed 7.6 litres per minute.

2.2 Tap flow rates

2.2.1 Washroom taps

The taps were of mixed operational type such as self-closing non-concussive, lever action

and twist hand closing principles. The flow rates from both the hot and cold taps varies

throughout the washrooms but average out at approximately 10 litres per minute from both

the hot and taps.

The self-closing non-concussive taps ideally should have an average operational time of

approximately 15 seconds, temperature and pressure dependent. However the majority of

the taps when test far exceeds the normal parameters and average out at approximately

25 seconds per operating cycle.

I recommend the flow rates at all of the wash basins be reduced to 4L/pm on both the hot &

cold taps, supported by an annual maintenance and cleaning program. This will ensure that

the optimal operational cycle parameters are maintained whilst making further savings.

]


2.2.2 Student Kitchen areas

The kitchen sink taps were of mixed operational type. The flow rates from both the hot and

cold taps varies throughout the kitchen’s but average out at approximately 15 litres per

minute from both the hot and taps.

I recommend the flow rates at all of the kitchen sinks be reduced to 10 L/pm on both the hot

and cold taps

2.3 Urinals.

There are numerous sets of urinals within the gent’s toilets throughout the campus. Some of

the urinal sets does not have any form of flow control device fitted and are constantly flowing

and flushing 24 hours a day, during non-operational closed periods.

I recommend new modern style flow control devices be fitted in order to provide long term

water efficiency savings. Please refer to table 6.

2.4 WC Flushing Cisterns

The WC flushing cisterns surveyed was found to have an average flushing capacity of 8

litres per single flush.

I recommend flush reducing devices to lower the overall flushing capacity by at least 1 litre

per operation.

2.5 Swimming Pool Facilities

During our site survey we did have a brief overview of the recently built pool facilities,

however, we did not record any point of use flow rates or cistern capacities as the fixtures

and fittings are new with advanced water efficiency properties and characteristics.


3 Estimated Cost savings

The savings presented in table 6 have been deduced from the areas directly surveyed

during the visit. We have calculated that approxiamtley 5% of the current domestic water

consumption rates across the campus.

The quantified consumption rates noted above may be lower than the site water

consumption for one or more of the following reasons:

Full time student daily levels occupying the building throughout any given period will

fluctuate seasonally.

Table 6: Estimated cost savings against yearly consumption rates.

Fitting / Appliance Estimated Savings % Estimated Water Saving per

Year (m3/ year) Water Savings £

Background losses

unaccounted for water 11% 10483 £18,975.79

£29,904.19

Tap flows 34% 1460 £4,098.95

WC flushing cisterns 13% 1038 £2,914.19

Showers 33% 312 £875.94

Urinals 64% 1649 £4,629.57

4459

Savings £12,518.64

Total Savings £42,422.83

United Utilities Business Solutions are able to provide a cost effective efficiency device

installation service that should return a quantified payback period of approxiamtley one year.


4 Summary recommendations

The main use of water at Edge Hill University is in domestic usage.

I recommend the following action points that will further enhance any site water sustainability

and efficiency savings.

United Utilities Business Solutions are able to provide and support the following services,

tailor made to suit your site needs. Please contact us for a price;

4.1 Site sub-metering projects

Site sub-metering splits will actively enable water consumption monitoring through all of the

sites domestic and non-domestic areas, thus maintaining a proactive water savings

approach that identifies the areas of leakage, wastage and or undue consumption of water.

4.2 Mass balance leakage control full site survey

A full site mass balance that identifies the areas of unaccounted for water, this will bench

mark the sites water consumption especially during the non-operational and inactive periods.

4.3 Leakage detection and pressure management schemes

A robust and periodic leakage detection program can return financial savings by reducing

the amounts of underground unseen leakage and waste.

An effective pressure management scheme can reduce the waste of water across the site

whilst reducing the pressure within an ageing water network, that ultimately reduces the

waste of water during the non-operational and inactive periods.

4.4 Full water efficiency survey

A extensive site survey will identify areas of potential cost savings through all the domestic

and non-domestic operational activities.

4.5 Water tankering contingency / emergency supplies

Emergency backup static or reactive water supplies that can be called upon during vital

schools sports and educational events throughout the year.


5 Conclusion

Water efficiency savings have been highlighted throughout this report and have detailed

where significant financial rewards can be gained by the implementation of water saving

devices at all points of domestic use throughout the building.

We would be happy to provide you with bespoke prices for the services detailed above, with

the aim of enabling better management of water on site and seeking further significant

savings.

Documents

Edge Hill University Water Efficiency · UUBS4031 – Edge Hill University - Water Efficiency report 190516 ... Based on the United Utilities Charges Scheme 2015/16 the unit cost