ECU Designing by Deependra Magarde

7/31/2019 ECU Designing by Deependra Magarde

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ECU Designing

9/1/2012 DEEPENDRA MAGARDE 1

By

Deependra Magarde


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Electronic Control Unit - ECU In the Automobile industry an electronic

control unit (ECU) is a embeddedelectronic device

DEEPENDRA MAGARDE 29/1/2012

,signals coming from sensors placed atvarious parts and in different components

of the car and depending on thisinformation controls various importantunits e.g. Engine


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ECU Key Funtions

Read signals coming from sensors Controls various units according to sensor


Keeps a check on the performance ofcomponents


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An ECU is basically made up ofhardware and software (firmware).


The hardware components is amicrocontroller chip along with an EPROM

or a Flash memory chip. The software (firmware) is a set of lower-level codes that runs in themicrocontroller.


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The ECU is characterized by:

Many analog and digital I/O Power device interface/control Different communication protocols (CAN, KWP-2000,

etc.).


signals

High voltage tests Intelligent communication interface adapters (standard

or custom)

Automatic fixture recognition and software sequenceenable Power device simulation


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Different Types of ECU's

ECM Engine Control Module EBCM Electronic Brake control


PCM Powertrain control module

VCM Vehicle control module

BCM Body control module


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ECM Engine Control Module

ECM is an ECU in an internal combustionengine that controls various enginefunctions e.


Injection

Ignition timing

Idle speed control system.


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EBCM Electronic Brake controlmodule.

The EBCM regulates the braking systems onthe basis of five inputs that it receives.



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PCM Powertrain controlmodule PCM is an ECU that monitors and controls speed,

charging and Automatic Transmission The inputs that are fed to the PCM are from:

throttle position sensor,


,

vehicle speed sensor engine speed sensor (CKP) brake switch cruise control switches

ignition overdrive on/off switch governor pressure sensor.


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VCM Vehicle control module

VCM is an ECU that takes care of systemslike:


Electronic Powersteering (EPS) systems Adaptive Cruise control (ACC) systems Airbag control system (ACS) systems. Electronic Stability Control (ESC)systems.


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BCM Body control module

BCM is an ECU that takes care of seatingcontrol unit, wiper control, power windowsand ower hoods in convertible cars e. .


Benz SL Roadster).


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ECU functional blocks

1. Power Supply digital and analog2. MPU microprocessor and memory3. Communications Link (e.g. CAN bus)4. Discrete Inputs On/Off Switch type inputs


. requency npu s enco er ype s gna s6. Analog Inputs feedback signals fromsensors7. Switch Outputs On/Off Switch type outputs

8. PWM Outputs variable frequency9. Frequency Outputs constant duty cycle


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Sensors and ActuatorsConnected to an ECM

Manifold Air temperature Sensor (MAT) Coolant Temperature Sensor (CTS)

Camshaft/Crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS)


Knock Sensor (KS)

Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)

Throttle Position Sensor (TPS)

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP)


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Different types of Protocols used

Diagnostics

ODBII protocol CAN ISO 11898

Body and Powertrain


LIN

Multimedia and Drive by wire

MOST

IDB 1394

Drive by wire

FlexRay


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Design and Testing



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Three Academic options forbuilding a software model.

LabVIEW System Identification Toolkit and Control

Design Toolkit Simulation Module


MATRIXx Xmath SystemBuild AUTOCODE Document It


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Three Academic options forbuilding a software model cont.

LabVIEW + Simulink Simulation Module Simulation Interface Toolkit (SIT)



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Rapid Control Prototyping



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Targeting

In this step the core ECU model ismodified to interface with the I/O availablein the actual ECU and then is converted


into a C code using a C code generator.In some cases they are also convertedinto an ada code. And then this code isdownloaded as the control algorithm to the32-bit microcontroller inside the ECU.


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Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation(HIL)



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AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open SystemARchitecture) is a worldwide developmentartnershi of car manufacturers


suppliers and other companies from theelectronics, semiconductor and softwareindustry.

The AUTOSAR scope includes all vehicledomains.


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AUTOSAR

Improve performance, safety andenvironmental friendliness

"


standards, compete on implementation

Improve cost-efficiency without making

any compromise with respect to quality Facilitates the exchange and update of

software and hardware


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Technical Overview

Technical goals Modularity


Transferability

Re-usability


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Technical Overview

AUTOSAR enables configuration processoptimization (e.g. partitioning and resourceusa e and where necessar to allow


local optimization if required to meet theruntime requirements of specific devicesand hardware constraints.


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AUTOSAR ECU Software Architecture



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Standardized interfaces



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AUTOSAR Software Components

Virtual Functional Bus (VFB) System Constraint and ECU


Mapping on ECUs

Runtime Environment (RTE)


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Software Component

A fundamental design concept ofAUTOSAR is the separation between:


Application

Infrastructure


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Sensor/Actuator SoftwareComponents



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AUTOSAR RuntimeEnvironment

The RTE provides a communicationabstraction to AUTOSAR SoftwareCom onents attached to it b rovidin


the same interface and services whetherinter-ECU communication channels areused (such as CAN, LIN, FlexRay, MOST,

etc.) or communication stays intra-ECU.


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AUTOSAR Basic Software

ServicesSystem services such as diagnostic protocols;NVRAM, flash and memory management

Communication


. . , ,

FlexRay...), I/O management, Networkmanagement Operating System

As AUTOSAR aims at an architecture that is

common for all vehicle domains it will specify therequirements for an AUTOSAR OperatingSystem


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Microcontroller Abstraction layer(MCAL)

Digital I/O (DIO) Analog/Digital Converter (ADC) Pulse Width (De)Modulator (PWM, PWD)


Flash (FLS) Capture Compare Unit (CCU) Watchdog Timer (WDT)

Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) I2C Bus (IIC)


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ECU specific components

ECU AbstractionThe ECU Abstraction provides a software

interface to the electrical values of any specific


n or er o ecoup e g er- eve so warefrom all underlying hardware dependencies.

Complex Device Driver (CDD)

The CDD allows a direct access to the hardwarein particular for resource critical applications


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The AUTOSAR Methodology

System Configuration Description:includes all system information and the informationthat must be agreed between different ECUsSystem

Configuration Extractor:


Description needed for a specific ECUECU extract:is the information from the System ConfigurationDescription needed for a specific ECUECU

Configuration Description:all information that is local to a specific ECU therunnable software can be built from this informationand the code of the software component


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AUTOSAR SpecificationsReleased

Release 4.0 Release 3.2


.

Release 3.0

Release 2.0


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User Groups



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Artop User Group

The Artop User Group is a group oflicensed users of the AUTOSAR standardwith a s ecial interest in AUTOSAR


compliant tools The AUTOSAR Tool Platform (Artop) is an

implementation of common basefunctionality for AUTOSAR developmenttools.


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ARText - An AUTOSAR TextualLanguage Framework

ARText is a framework for building textualmodeling languages for AUTOSAR


ex s ase on ex .

ARText extends Xtext with featuresspecific to the AUTOSAR domain and

provides a full integration of your editorwithin Artop.


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Artop IDE Screenshot



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AUTOSAR Designing Softwares

AUTOSAR Builder Infineon AUTOSAR Software


Freescale AUTOSAR SoftwareSolutions

RTI AUTOSAR PackageEB tebros


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AUTOSAR Solution By MathsWork

Simulink Stateflow


Vector Informatik DaVinci Developer

KPIT Cummins ECU SPECTRUM and

AUTOSAR Basic Software Modules


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THANKS FOR YOUR PATIENCE


Documents

ECU Designing by Deependra Magarde