EcosystemsEcosystems

Chapter 15Chapter 15

1. The organisms in the photo below represent:a. a population b. a community c. an ecosystem

2. Name one density dependent limiting factor.

3. Name one density independent limiting factor.

4. In a certain habitat that you have been studying for years you notice that the population of deer always seems to stabilize around 50 individuals. This would be the ______________ for that population in that environment.

• This type of J shaped curve is a good example of ____________ growth.

Global Distribution of BiomesGlobal Distribution of Biomes

Rain Shadows

Biological MagnificationBiological Magnification– Increase in concentration of toxins in tissues

of organisms as they move up the food chain

Ex: DDT

Biological Magnification of DDTBiological Magnification of DDT

The Mercury MenaceThe Mercury Menace

Fig. 47-11, p. 848

atmosphere

wind-driven water vapor 40,000

precipitation onto land 111,000

evaporation from land plants (transpiration)

71,000evaporation from

ocean 425,000precipitation into

ocean 385,000

surface and groundwater flow 40,000

ocean land

Water CycleWater Cycle

Categories of Species Categories of Species InteractionsInteractions

SymbiontsSpecies that spend most or all of their

life cycle in close association with each other

Ex:Predation (Parasitism)Commensalism mutualism

Categories of Species Categories of Species InteractionsInteractions

Commensalism (+/0) benefits one species and does not affect the other

Mutualism (+/+) benefits both species

Interspecific competition (-/-) hurts both species

MutualismMutualism

Some mutualists defend one anotherSea anemone and anemone fish

CommensalismCommensalism

Categories of Species Categories of Species InteractionsInteractions

Predation (+/-) and parasitism (+/-) help one species at another’s expense

ParasitesLive on or in a host and usually do not kill it

Warning ColorationWarning Coloration

CamouflageCamouflage

Batesian Mimicry

ParasitismParasitism