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* Engineer-in-Chief, Haryana PWD (B&R), Chandigarh and Senior Vice President, Indian Buildings Congress # Associate Professor, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research Institute (NITTTR), Chandigarh
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ECONOMICS OF USING MODERN CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS /TECHNIQUE
MAHESH KUMAR* SURESH KUMAR GUPTA#
Introduction
Nirman Sadan building is located on plot No. 1 & 2 measuring 3.19 acres, Sector-33/A, Chandigarh
is the Head office building of Engineer-In-Chief, Haryana PW (B&R) Deptt. and Chief Architect. The
building comprises of three blocks with basements with total covered area of 10,435.88 sqm. or
1,12,290 sft. Basements accommodates parking, services and for storing record. Block A being six
storied with covered area 5,767.74 sqm. (62060.88 sft), Block B being double storied with covered
area of 1,494.75 sqm (16,083.51 sft) and Block C being four storied with covered area of 3,173.39
sqm. (34,145.67 sft).
Figure 1 : Nirman Sadan, Sector : 33-A, Chandigarh
Abstract This paper presents an assessment of the work executed by Public Works Department Haryana to construct the office building of PWD (B&R) & Architecture Departments of Haryana. The innovations made in the construction of this building at various stages of selection of site, design, choice of materials and process of execution has been discussed. A comparison has been made regarding saving in cost of various finishing items executed through departmental purchase viz-a-viz works executed through contractual agencies.
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Awards and Acclamations
Nirman Sadan has won four National level awards:
(i) Indian State Architecture award for the year 2010, “20th AYA State Commendation Award” by
J.K. Cement Ltd.
(ii) CIDC Vishwakarma Award 2010
(iii) “Award of Excellence in Built Environment” for the year 2009 by the Indian Building Congress
(iv) Best Landscape in Institutions Category in the Rose Festival 2011 by Chandigarh Administration.
Site
The site for this Office Building Complex is located on National Highway-21 in Sector- 33 A
Chandigarh. The Important location of the site, the strict architectural control and building
regulations of Chandigarh Administration made the job of planning this building more challenging.
The site, rectangular in shape, measuring 3.19 acres has access from the NH-21 and falls on the
important crossing opposite Sub City Centre.
Design Constraints
The design of this building was a more challenging task due to multiple constraints and parameters
which are mandatory as per bylaws of the Chandigarh Administration. The site parameters include
zoning setback, height restrictions, ground coverage and F.A.R. in addition to the strict façade
control which demands the total buildings to be in harmony with the Architectural character of
Chandigarh. The ground coverage was limited to 16% of the site with maximum F.A.R. as 0.65.
Volumetric zoning and parking norms which were also stringent but followed.
Green Building
This new building of Nirman Sadan is a Green Building and is well planned oriented North South,
well cross ventilated with sufficient natural light. This building remains cool in summer and warm in
winters. There are independent central courtyards in each block. Beautiful lush green lawns and
variety of potted plants have been provided. It is an Energy Efficient building and all provisions of
Energy conservation Building Code (ECBC) have been followed. Other salient features are Solar
water heating, Rain water harvesting, Barrier free environment, local area networking (LAN). Energy
Conservation Devices as per HAREDA and BEE Guidelines. Energy Efficient Lights i.e. CFLs and T-5
are used in the building with saving of about 25% in electricity consumption. Moreover, light of CFL
and T-5 is much more than the normal fittings.
Codal Compliance & Innovations in Specifications/Technology
This building has been structurally designed as per latest Seismic Ductile Detaining Code IS
13920:1993 and seismic design codes IS-1893-2002 and IS-4326. A slope of 1:80 has been provided
in RCC roof slab at top and a slope of 1:80 given in the tile terracing gives a total slope is 1:40
ensuring that there will be no leakage during rainy season. C.I. pipes of toilets have not been
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embedded in depressed slabs to avoid seepage generally occurring in buildings. These pipes are
hanging beneath the RCC slabs and any leakage can easily get noticed. G.I. pipes are painted and
covered with tape to increase the life of the pipes and also for ensuring leak proofing.
Figure 2 : CI Pipes hanging beneath the RCC slabs
Economy achieved by Departmental Purchase
This building has been constructed very economically and construction cost is Rs.1283/- per sft.
including internal EI & PH services. The department has constituted purchase committee for
purchasing the construction materials like aluminum, flooring stone like Kotah, White marble,
Baroda green, granite, ceramic tiles, structural glazing work, false ceiling work etc. The purchase
committee has made a liaison/negotiation directly with the manufacturers and got the maximum
discounts ranging from 30% to 50% on MRP and in some items, the department got the discount
more than the dealer price list of the company. Therefore by procuring the materials
departmentally, the department has made a saving of approx. 20% of the project cost.
Comparison of some items like aluminum, flooring stone like Kotah Stone, White marble, Baroda
green, granite, ceramic tiles, structural glazing work, false ceiling work etc. is given below :-
Table -1: Comparison of Aluminum cost between departmental purchase and allotted rate on
other works.
S. No.
Description of Item Cost of Material through departmental purchase
Cost of material if executed through agency (Allotted on other works)
Cost saving through departmental purchase
Rate Amount Rate Amount
1 Quantity of Aluminum purchased : 36593.30 kg
Providing and fixing of Aluminum in windows frames etc. including cost of powder coating
Rs. 208.83 per kg
7641779 Rs. 320 per kg
11709856 4068077 Say Rs. 40.68 lacs
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Table -2: Comparison of Structural Glazing & Aluminum Composite Work between deptt. purchase and allotted rate on other works.
Sr. No.
Description of Item Cost of Material through departmental purchase
Cost of material if executed through agency (Allotted on other works)
Cost saving through departmental purchase
Rate Amount Rate Amount
Areas : 11770.87 sft
1 Providing and fixing the structural glazing with aluminum panel etc. complete in all respects
Rs. 270/- per sft
3178135 Rs. 390/- per sft
4590639 1412504
2 Providing and fixing the aluminium composite panels. complete in all respects
Rs. 220/- per sft
796983 Rs. 330/- per sft
1195474 398491
Total 1810995
Table -3: Comparison of flooring items costs executed at Nirman Sadan Building between HSR rates (allotted) and departmental purchase.
Sr. No.
Description of items
Qty./Area Cost of material if executed through agency (Allotted)
Cost of Material through deptt. purchase
Cost saving through departmental purchase
Rates as per HSR
Premium
Amount Amount
1. White Marble [HSR 14.49 a(i)]
730.19 sqm Rs.782/20 Per sqm
60% 9,13,874/-
2. Kotah stone [HSR 14.62]
3377.38 sqm
Rs.201/95 Per sqm
135% 16,02,845/-
3. Granite [HSR 14.94]
2556.30 sqm
Rs.2600/- Per sqm
- 66,46,380/-
4. Baroda Green [HSR 14.49 c(i)]
5055.58 sqm
Rs.732/75 Per sqm
60% 59,27,162/-
Total
11,719.45 sqm. Or 1,26,151.38 sft.
Rs.1,50,90,234/- Total actual cost of purchase of flooring material through department
Rs.71,16,017/-
Add 25% above HSR+CP allotted to agency
Rs.37,72,558/-
Total Rs.1,88,62,792/- Rs.71,16,017/-
Rate cost per sft.
1,88,62,792 1,26,151.38 =Rs.149.52
Rate cost per sft 71,16,017 1,26,151.38
=Rs.56.41 Labour Rate for Fixing Rs. 34.00 Total rate per sft. Rs. 90.41
Difference of rate cost per sft. Rs.149.52-Rs.90.41=Rs.59.11
1,26,151.38 sft. X Rs. 59.11 =
Rs.7456808/- Say Rs. 74.57 lacs (Saving 60%)
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Table – 4: Comparison of Wooden Frame with Aluminum Frame
S. No.
Description of Item Cost of Wooden Frame (Section 4” x 2 ½ “) HSR 17.90(B)
Cost of Aluminum Frame (Section 4” x 2 ½ “)
Difference
Qty. Rate Amount Qty. Rate Amount
1 Taking length of frame = 5 meter
Providing and fixing of frame 0.0325 Cu.mtr
Rs.36703 per Cum
Rs.1193 12 kg Rs.300/- per kg
Rs.3600 Rs.344 per running meter
Figure 3 : Flooring in Nirman Sadan Figure 4 : False Ceiling
Remodelleing of Old Furniture
The old furniture has been remodelled. The department has purchased the furniture material
directly from the manufacturer and furniture like work stations, partitons, storage etc. were
manufactured on labour rates at site as per the requirement of the staff. The old wooden tables
have been used by modifying there sizes and converting them into work stations. In this way,
department has done saving of more than Rs.20.00 lacs in furniture items by doing the work
departmentally.
Conclusion & Recommendations
There is a general tendency to deviate from standard scheduled items in the name of using
modern / inovative construction materials.
Often the non-schedule items are sanctioned at higher rates as the base rate of materials is
generally taken as MRP although these materials might be available at discounts ranging from
20 % to 30% when purchased directly by the department.
The experiment of executing the finishing items in Nirman Sadan departmentally by
constituting committees of officers has proved to be very successful which has resulted into a
saving of around 30% in finishing items. Not only we were able to do a quality job but also
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completed the building in a record time which saved lacs of rupees of extension the which
would have to be deposited to Chandigarh Administration in case the dead lines were not
achieved.
References
i. Haryana PWD Specifications, 1990.
ii. Haryana PWD Schedule of rates, 1988 2nd addition
iii. Analysis of rates of Haryana PWD schedule of rates, 1988, Volume-I.