Economical, Environmental and Social Advantages of Net Zero Energy Buildings Samer Zawaydeh Independent Engineer Jordan Renewable Energy Society Member

Eng. Samer A Zawaydeh, 18May2015 1

Economical, Environmental and Social Advantages of Net Zero Energy Buildings

Samer Zawaydeh Independent Engineer

Jordan Renewable Energy Society Member

Energy Economy & Energy Management Forum for MENA&

Fourth Renewable Energy National Dialogue 18May2015 Geneva Hotel, Amman, Jordan

2

Eng. Samer A Zawaydeh, Msc, PMP, CRM, REP, AVS

Jordan Renewable Energy Society MemberAssociation of Energy Engineers

Assistant Director for International Membership Development for Special Projects

Independent Engineer, providing Contractual, Project Management and Value Engineering services to the Construction and Energy Management industries

– Bachelor in Civil Engineering - Structures– Masters in Structural Mechanics, USA– Environmental and Energy Engineering Master Program– Project Management Professional, PMP– Associated Value Specialist, AVS– King Abdullah II Award for Excellence, Mentor– Carbon Reduction Manager, CRM– Renewable Energy Professional, REP– Legend in Energy, 2012– The Community Power Reporter, Middle East

• Membership– Jordan Renewable Energy Society Member– Association of Energy Engineers AEE, Life Member Eng. Samer A Zawaydeh, 18May2015


Table of Content

• Jordan’s Energy Status• Renewable Energy Regulatory Framework• Energy Consumption in Buildings• Economical Impacts• Environmental Impacts• Social Impacts• Conclusions and Recommendations


Energy Status in Jordan 2014


2013 Electricity Consumption in Jordan

43%

24%

17%

14%2%

Household

Industrial

Commercial

Water Pumping

Street Lighting

• Residential Consumption : 959 KWh/capita/year• Average Family Size : 5.4 people• Average Family Consumption: 5180 KWh/family/year

Source: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Facts and Figures Report 2013http://www.memr.gov.jo Calculations by Author

http://www.memr.gov.jo/


Jordan’s Cost of Energy vs GDP

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

enta

ge %


Jordan’s Renewable Energy Regulatory Framework

Jordan Renew

able Energy

and Energy Efficiency Law 13 for year 2012

Regulation No. 73 year

2012 per

Clause 18 of

RE and EE Law 13 year

2012

Regulation No. 10 year 2013 - Issued

per Paragraph (b)

of Clause (11) of REEEL

13 year 2012-

Wheeling

Instruction per

Electricity Law

(64) year

2002, article

7B-3, 9B

Electricity

Regulatory

Commission

(ERC)Regulat

ions

Energy CodesSolar Code 2012

Green Building

Guide

JISM Energy Specs

+Energy Labels

National Energy Efficiency Action Plan

National Plan for Electricity Company Losses

Law (33) year 2014

StandardsRegulationsInstructions

FIDIC Conditions of

Contract

National Building Code No (7) for 1993

Bylaw (13) year 2015


Net Zero means Energy Consumption = Energy Generation

Input

Minimum Codes Requirements

Energy Behavior Change

EE & RE Design Goals

Identify Barriers

Tools and Techniques

Efficient Equipment

Renewable Energy

Efficiency Codes Implementation

Local Available Efficient Products

Output

Energy Reduction

Energy Generation


Energy Consumption in Buildings


Typical House Annual Energy Bill

29%

17%14%4%

2%

6%

1% 3%

12% 11%

HeatingCoolingWater HeatingRefrigeratorDishwashersClothes Washer & DryerComputer & MonitorTV, DVD, VCRLightingOthers


Form of Energy

Heating

Cooling

Hot Water

Ventilation

Lighting

Electricity

Minimize by Using

Thermal Insulation

Thermal Insulation+ Use Shading

Solar Water Heaters

Natural

Natural

Reduce No of Hours

Optimize Efficiency

Efficient Equipment

Efficient Equipment

Efficient Equipment

Efficient Equipment

LED/ Energy Saving

Renewables

Keys to Energy Reductions


RE Generation

Solar: Solar Water Heater + PV + CSP

Wind

Hydro

Geothermal

Alternative Energy

Bio Gas

Waste To Energy

Forms of Energy Generation


Home Energy Rating System (Germany)

http://www.zukunft-haus.info/fileadmin/zukunft-haus/Englische_Seiten/EA_WG_final_example.pdf


Home Energy Rating System (USA)


Tunisian Thermal Performance Labeling for Residential Buildings

Source: MED-ENEC Technical Assistance for Energy Performance Improvement of the TAPARURA Head Office (Sfax -Tunisia )


EPC: Energy Performance Certificate

http://www.news.cyprus-property-buyers.com/2015/03/22/energy-performance-enforcement/id=0052970


Jordan Building Energy Codes

Thermal Insulation Code(Issued 2009)

Energy Saving Buildings Code(Issued 2010)

Green Buildings Guide

Solar Energy Code

Passive House Design(Not developed yet)

Net Zero Buildings(Not developed yet)

Net Positive Buildings(Not developed yet)

Energy Networking(Not developed yet)

Under Update:1. Natural Lighting Code2. Interior Illumination Code3. Mechanical Ventilation and Air Conditioning Code4. Water Supply for Buildings Code5. Central Heating Code


Energy Saving History in GermanyEnergy Saving Future in Jordan


ZERO NET ENERGY BEGINNING 2020Executive Order 13514 - "Federal Leadership in

Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance."


USA Department of Energy Net Zero Building Ready Homes Mandatory Requirements


Heating and Cooling

•Increase Thermal Insulation•Walls•Roofs

Implement Mandatory Jordan Thermal Insulation Code Requirements


Jordan’s Thermal Insulation U Value for Roofs & Floors

MandatoryThermal

Insulation CodeTable(5-1)

Exposed Roofs =

0.55

Between Floors =

1.2

Floors over unheated

basements= 1.2

MandatoryEnergy Saving Buildings Code

Table(2-3)

Exposed Roofs =

0.55

Between Floors =

1.2

Floors over unheated

basements= 1.2

MandatoryGreen Building

ManualPage (5-17)

Exposed Roofs =

0.55

Between Floors =

1.2

All Roofs and Floors

=1.2

Optional(1 point)

Green Building Manual

Page (5-17)

Exposed Roofs = 0.50-0.4

Between Floors =

1.0


=1.0

Optional(2 points)

Green Building Manual

Page (5-17)

Exposed RoofsExposed Floors = less than 0.4

Between Floors =

1.0


=1.0


U value Roof (=0.55 W/m2.K) Improvement over Jordanian Thermal

Insulation CodeDescription % Improvement above

minimum Jordanian Thermal Insulation Code Requirement

Remark

10% Improvement = 0.55-0.055 = 0.495 Jordan Green Building Guide (Option 1)(0.4-0.5 W/m2.k)20% Improvement = 0.55-0.11 = 0.440

30% Improvement = 0.55 – 0.165 = 0.385 Jordan Green Building Guide (Option 2)(<0.4 W/m2.k)40% Improvement = 0.55 – 0.22 = 0.33

50% Improvement = 0.55 – 0.275 = 0.275

60% Improvement = 0.55 – 0.33 = 0.22

70% Improvement = 0.55 – 0.385 = 0.165 German Energy Saving Ordinance 2009 (EnEV 2009) (<0.2 W/m2.k)


Jordan Green Buildings GuideOptional Solar PV (Renewable Energy)

Mandatory Requirements for installation per Codes1. Solar Energy 2. Energy Saving BuildingsOptionalRenewable Energy(% Contribution)

Number of Points Gained

5% 2

10% 4

15% 6

20% 8

Jordan National Building Council


Energy GenerationsTypes of PV Installations in Buildings

• Solar PV– Ground Mounted– Roof tops• Tiled Roofs• Flat Roofs

– Car Parks• Solar Water Heaters• Wind• Geothermal


Beyond Zero Energy Plus energy house

Energy for Buildings and TransportCurrently Future

http://www.bmvbs.de/SharedDocs/EN/Artikel/B/energy-plus-house-my-house-my-filling-station.html

Zero Energy

Zero CO2e

Zero Waste


Solar PV – Car ParksLeading by Example


Car Park – Water Tight


Residential Installation


Commercial Installation


Schools


Why Building Regulation and Town Planning are needed


Green Corridors Improving Health/ Environmental Conditions


Space Heating


Solar Water Heaters


Solar Water Heaters


Solar PV and SWH on Same Roofs


Concentrated Solar Power @ Industrial Buildings


Economical Impacts


Economical Impact

• Reduction up to 100% of the Electricity Bills• Reduction of the heating Bills• Green Building Guide Incentives• Attractive Economical Indicators• Green Jobs; Design, Manufacturing, Installation• Reduction in Electricity Network Losses• Supporting Economical Sectors• Contribute to Energy Security


Renewable Energy – Solar ThermalMEMR Facts and Figures 2014 English


RE Thermal Energy2013 Economical and Environmental Impacts

Annual Primary Energy Consumption 8157000 TOECost of Energy 4076 Million JDCost of Energy 499,69 JD/TOE

Thermal Energy Generated 145000 TOE/yearCost of Thermal Energy Saved 72.455 Milion JD/yearCost of Thermal Energy Saved 1500 Million JD/ 20 yrCO2 emission avoided 566 g/KWh1 Toe = 11600 KWh 6,57 tCO2/toe

RE Thermal EnergyCO2 emission avoided

952,0121,904,000

tCO2/yrtCO2/20 yrs


Renewable Energy PV Status in Jordan Feb 02, 2015 747 systems installed 23.4MWp

• 515 Houses80 Mosques65 Commercial/Industrial 30 Schools20 public buildings9 Banks8 Telecom7 Hospitals4 Churches4 Private Universities 3 Hospitals2 Farms

23,400 KWp1560KWh/KWp/year3650400 KWh/year

Cost of Generation: 0.14JD/KwhAnnual Fuel Saving: 5,110,560 JDAnnual Fuel Saving: 100,000,000 JD/ 20 yrs

CO2 Emission : 566 grams/KWhCO2 Emission Reduction: 2066 tCO2 /yrCO2 Emission Reduction: 40,000 tCO2 /yr


Economical and Environmental Impacts @ 20MWp PV annual Installation


100% Reduction in Electricity BillElectricity Tariffs Residential Sector (1995 - 2017)

From 0.085JD/KWh to 0.300JD/KWh


All Industrial Consumers - Day Rates Electricity Tariff 2013-2017

2013 2014 2015 2016 20170

50

100

150

200

250

300

350Large - Mining

Large - Others

Medium

Small > 10000 KWh/mon

Small: 1-10000KWh/mon

Year

Cost

of K

Wh


Jordan Green Building Guide Incentives

1. One stop shop technical checks of drawings2. Payment of Licensing Fees by installments over 5-6

years without down payment3. Allow Use of Roofs and Car Parks for PV installation4. Increase in Floor Area Ratio

1. Building Class “A” 25%2. Building Class “B” 20%3. Building Class “C” 15%4. Building Class “D” 10%


Attractive Economical IndicatorsActivities, Resources, Durations

Activity Description Days Resource Start End Cost (JD)

I. Install Renewables

I.1 Solar Water Heater 14 Supplier May 1 May 14 500-800

I.2 Install PV 90 Supplier May 1 August 1 3500-4500

II. Thermal Insulation

II.1 Insulate Roof 7 Insulator May 15 May 22 3000

II.2 Insulate Walls 14 Labor May 15 May 29 3000

III.3 Windows Upgrade 21 Supplier June 1 June 21 1000-2000

III. Efficient Equipment

III.1 Replace old Fridge 30 Owner June 1 June 30 800-1500

IV. Use LED Lighting 14 Owner June 1 June 14 200-500

V. Adopt Efficient Behavior 180 Owner May 1 Oct 30 0

Total Estimate Cost 7-9% 13000-15000

Average Apartment = 200m2, Cost/m2 = 800-1000 JD/m2 = 160,000-200,000 JD


Supporting Economical SectorsProviding Necessary Support to Hotels Sectors


Eliminate Losses at Generation Stations

41% efficiency

59% losses

17% Grid losses


Develop Local Manufacturing

Local PV Modules + Mounting Structure


Contribute to Energy Security2010• 97%

Imported• 2%

Renewables

2020• 80%

Imported• 10%

Renewables• 10% Oil Shale

Taffila Wind Farm - Jordan


Environmental Impacts


Clean Energy Reduce CO2 Emissions


Environmental Impact of Solar Water Heaters

310,324 tons CO2/year


CO2 Emissions (gram/KWh)

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1 000

815 870 895

860 831 834 802 800 807 747

708 702 740

680 682 660 626

587 589 581

566


Social Impacts


Social Impact

• Create New Fields in Engineering• Community Awareness about RE• Training and Capacity Building• Job Creation to locals• Reduce Poverty• Develop Local Manufacturing• Developing local Contractors Capabilities


Manpower Skills Development

Applied Secondary

Craftsman Level

Skilled

Semi Skilled

2 years

1 year

3-6 mon.

Technician Levels Engineering SchoolsInitiating RE Degrees

Up-grading SkillsIndustry Certifications

RE Grid Manager

Inverter training

Wind Training

PV Professional

Grid Impact Studies

GJU

UoJ

JUST

HU

Isra

MEU

AUM

HBT

TUT


Awareness and Education416KWp at Children's’ Museum Jordan


UnemploymentEngineering Disciplines and Needs of the Local Market

Jordan Engineers Association Study August 2013

Disciplines Needed 4

Disciplines Saturated 20

Disciplines Stagnant 18


Unemployment LevelsDOS selected indicators 2012 Jobs

DOS = Department of Statistics


Reduction of Poverty• 14.4 % of the population lived in poverty during 2010.

• 6.3 % of the population lives in poverty in every single quarter “persistent poverty”.

• 18.6 % of the Kingdom’s population, experienced transient poverty • The national annual poverty line for 2010: JD813.7 per individual

• 33 % of the population consumption falls sharply to below the poverty line.

• 8.1 per cent of the population, living in a state of “chronic poverty”. http://jordantimes.com/third-of-jordans-population-lives-below-poverty-line-at-some-point-of-one-year----study


Meet the Minimum Code Requirements Supporting Tools

http://www.energycodeace.com/resources


Conclusions 20 years RE Component impact towards ZNE

• ZNE Buildings are already possible in Jordan• ZNE is creating jobs and opportunities

Type of Energy 20 years Saving Million JD

CO2 Emission Avoided (tCO2)

Thermal Energy 1500 1,900,000PV 900 550,000Total 2400 2,400,000


Important Barriers

• Energy Efficient Buildings Performance Data• Lack of Building Code Enforcement• Low amount for Building Code Violation• Lack of awareness of Energy Efficiency• Lack of Expertise in energy saving financing• Relatively High initial costs• Relatively long pay-back periods


NZE Buildings Recommendations

• Meet the minimum Code Requirements• Achieve better than Code• Install Renewable Energy Equipment• Install Energy Efficiency Measures• Development of RE Public Awareness/ NGOs• Develop Qualified REEE Quality Inspectors• Measurement & Reporting of Energy Performance


Presented by,Eng. Samer A Zawaydeh, Msc, PMP, REP, CRM, AEE Lifetime

Independent EngineerEmail [email protected] (mobile:

+962.78.839.9453)

Thank you Questions

Economical, Environmental and Social Advantages of Net Zero Energy Buildings

Documents

Economical, Environmental and Social Advantages of Net Zero Energy Buildings Samer Zawaydeh Independent Engineer Jordan Renewable Energy Society Member