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Biome
Name: ________________________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Ecology Review Worksheet‐ KEY 1. Place the levels of ecology organization inside the correct circles using the terms from section 13.1 2. Fill in the bubbles with the proper words from section 13.2 in the textbook.
3. Match the biome to its description:
a. Arctic Tundra Has a layer of permafrost, and despite little rainfall, is flooded in the summer.
b. Tropical Rainforest Warm temperatures and abundant rainfall year
round. Lush thick forest contains the greatest amount of biodiversity
of all the biomes.
c. Taiga Has long cold winters and short warm summers. Coniferous
trees are dominant in this biome.
d. Grassland Occurs in a variety of climates. The main plant life is grass;
few trees and shrubs are present.
e. Deciduous Forest Found between polar and tropic regions; the trees
here are very seasonal and the soil is very rich in nutrients
f. Desert Dry (arid) climate with little precipitation. There are
warm/hot days and cooler nights.
Ecosystem
Comm unity
Population
Organism
Such as Such as
includes
Ecosystem
Biotic Abiotic
Plants Animals Sun/Wind Water/Rain Soil/Rocks
Biomes
Tropical Rainforest Desert
Chaparral Deciduous forest Arctic Tundra Grassland Taiga
Polar Ice Caps
4. In each series, identify which word does NOT belong and explain why?
a. Detritivore, Producer, or Decomposer? Explain: PRODUCER does not belong because it is an
autotroph, while the other two are heterotrophs that feed on dead organic matter and return
nutrients to the soil.
b. Omnivore, Autotroph, Herbivore? Explain: AUTOTROPH does not belong because it is a producer,
while the other two are types of consumers.
c. Trophic level, Energy pyramid, Keystone species? Explain: KEYSTONE SPECIES does not belong because
it is an organism that has a great impact on its ecosystem, while trophic levels are levels of
nourishment that can be used to show/compare how energy flows within an energy pyramid.
5. Add at least 12 arrows to the food web; show the direction energy travels in a community of species.
6. Using the snake, create 2 complete food chains in the spaces below. Label each trophic level.
7. CIRCLE the example of HABITAT and UNDERLINE the example of NICHE:
In the African savanna, elephants help structure their environment. In their everyday movements,
elephants destroy trees, making room for grass and many other plant species to grow.
8. List at least 3 technologies that have helped the human population grow? a. Medical Technologies b. _ Farming Techniques c. Sanitation
Food chain 1 There are various answers There are three trophic levels in this food chain (producer) (primary consumer) (secondary consumer) Grass Field Mouse Snake
Food chain 2 There are various answers There are four trophic levels in this food chain (producer) (primary consumer) (secondary consumer) (tertiary consumer) Grass rabbit Snake Eagle
Name: ________________________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Ecology Review Worksheet – Part II‐ KEY
1. Fill in the chart with a description that describes how water moves through as ecosystem.
Process Description
Precipitation Liquid water (H2O) comes down to the Earth as rain, snow, hail, etc
Evaporation Water (H2O) changes from a liquid to a gas
Transpiration Water (H2O) vapor (gas) released (evaporates) from the leaves of plants
Condensation Water (H2O) vapor (gas) condenses, forming clouds
2. Explain how carbon moves from autotrophs consumers decomposers. What role do fossil fuels play?
CO2 (carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere is taken in by plants to make sugars during photosynthesis,
herbivores/omnivores eat the plants’ stored sugars (C6H12O6), carnivores eat the herbivores/omnivores
who ate the plants, when consumers die decomposers break them down and absorb their body’s stored
carbon (remember the 4 types of organic molecules); not all the carbon is absorbed by decomposers,
some is released into the soil and after millions of years it can help to form fossil fuels. When Humans
harvest fossil fuels and use them for energy CO2 is rereleased into the atmosphere. Cycle repeats. Too
much CO2 in atmosphere throws cycle out of balance.
3. Which two major processes are involved in the oxygen cycle?
a. Cellular Respiration b. Photosynthesis
4. Explain how phosphorous is obtained & moves through the following food chain: Grass Rabbit Fox
Rocks weather and release phosphorous into the soil; plants absorb phosphate through their roots; rabbits
(herbivores) eat the plants and obtain phosphate, foxes (carnivores) eat the rabbits and obtain phosphate.
5. What is nitrogen fixation? Why is it important?
Nitrogen fixation is a process by which BACTERIA convert gaseous nitrogen (N2) into a usable form of nitrogen for other organisms.
6. What is biodiversity? Give at least one reason/example as to why it is important to humans?
The variety of living things (species) living in an ecosystem. Biodiversity keeps ecosystems stable (like food webs).
7. What are the consequences to a loss of biodiversity? A loss of biodiversity means species are disappearing
which can lead to ecosystems becoming unstable or unbalanced,
8. Define the vocabulary words in the boxes below:
9. For the paragraph on Succession, fill in the blanks using the words provided:
(a) Ecosystems are constantly changing. Both (b) abiotic and biotic factors change in every ecosystem.
One type of ecosystem change is called (c) succession. This results in one community replacing another
over time. This process might begin on bare rock formed from the cooling of molten (d) lava. This process
begins when (e) lichen & (f) moss, also known as the (g) pioneer species, begin living on and breaking
down bare rock. When these organisms die, their remains mix with the rock pieces to form a thin layer of
(h) soil. This process of establishing and developing an ecosystem in a previously uninhabited area is called
(i) primary succession. The mature community that eventually forms is called the (j) climax community.
Sometimes that community is destroyed by a (k) fire. A new community will replace the destroyed one
through the process of (l) secondary succession. This process happens much (m) quicker because the soil
is usually left (n) intact.
Symbiotic A close relationship between 2 different species of organisms
Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
Example Example
Example
abiotic factors climax community fire lava ecosystems quicker primary succession slower lichen succession secondary succession rock pioneer species soil moss intact
Mutualism Both organisms benefit
Commensalism One organism benefits, while the other is neither harmed or
benefits
Parasitism One organism benefits, while
the other is harmed
Example Butterflies and Flowers (Butterflies get nectar, while the flowers get
pollinated)
Example Whales and barnacles
(Barnacles live on whales and whales are not harmed nor benefit)
Example Tapeworm & Human (endoparasitism) or Tick & deer (ectoparasitism). Both Tapeworm/Tick harm host
10. Label and define the 3 stages of population growth in the graph below.
11. Match the graph with the appropriate pattern/term.
a. Slow growth b. Negative growth c. Zero/stable growth d. Rapid groth
A
C B
D
Carrying capacity greatest number of individuals that the environment can sustain Birth & death rates eventually balance
Exponential Growth High birth rates due to natural selection & resources. Species well adapted.
Slow growth- species slowly adapting
12. Compare and contrast Density Dependent & Density Independent factors
13. Create an energy pyramid below, using the following food chain as an example:
Grass rabbit snake hawk Assume there is 53.2Kcal of energy available to the 3˚consumer.
Use arrows to show the flow of energy.
14. What is missing from most food webs and energy pyramids, but is absolutely necessary in each
ecosystem? Decomposers‐ they return nutrients to the soil
15. In what way(s) do humans through the phosphorus cycle out of balance? Excess P from fertilizers released
in runoff, which causes too much algae growth (can harm ecosystems & reduce biodiversity)
16. Which process occurs naturally, and is necessary to sustain life on earth, but is currently “kicked in
overdrive” because of human contribution? Greenhouse effect
a. Label each trophic level b. How much energy is available to the
rabbit? 5,320 kcal c. What happens to the rest of the energy at
each trophic level? Lost as heat
Limits the size of a population
• factors that are affected by the individuals in a given area
– Competition – Predation – Parasitism – Disease
• environmental factors that limit populations
– Climate/weather – Natural disasters – Human activity
Grass- producer
Rabbit- primary (1˚ ) consumer
Snake Secondary (2˚)
Consumer
Hawk Tertiary
(3˚) consumer