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Ecology of Open Algae Ponds. Rob McBride October 2014. Sapphire Produces Valuable Products From Algae, Sunlight, & CO 2. Focused on the production of low cost biomass Open ponds are continuously operated year round Key challenge to continuous open operation is stability - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ecology of Open Algae PondsEcology of Open Algae PondsRob McBrideOctober 2014Rob McBrideOctober 2014
Sapphire Produces Valuable Products From Algae, Sunlight, & CO2
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 2
Sapphire’s Primary Production Platform – Open Ponds
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 3
• Focused on the production of low cost biomass• Open ponds are continuously operated year round• Key challenge to continuous open operation is stability• Pests primarily impact stability
Open Pond Stability
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 4
• Mechanical strategies • Netting, filters
• Cultural strategies• pH, Ammonia, Magnesium etc.
• Chemical strategies• Chlorine, glyphosate, headline, etc.
• Biotic strategies• Trophic interactions
An Example of a Sapphire Pest Management Strategy
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 5
An Example of a Sapphire Pest Management Strategy
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1. Letcher, P. M., S. Lopez, et al. (2013). "Characterization of Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum, an Algal Parasite New to the Cryptomycota Isolated from an Outdoor Algal Pond Used for the Production of Biofuel." PloS one 8(2): e56232.2. McBride, R. C., S. Lopez, et al. (2014). "Contamination Management in Low Cost Open Algae Ponds for Biofuels Production." Industrial Biotechnology 10(3): 221-227.
Why Are We interested in Open Pond Ecology?
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 7
1. Shurin, J., R. Abbott, et al. (2013). "Industrial strength ecology: trade offs and opportunities in algal biofuel production." ‐ ‐ Ecology letters 16(11): 1393-1404.
In Open Algae Ponds, What is the Richness/Stability Relationship?
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 8
Overview of the Data Collection
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Summary of the Generated Data
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 10
Bacteria Eukaryotes
Summary of the Generated Data
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Bacteria Eukaryotes
Is Open Algal Pond Species Richness Related to Productivity/Stability?
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 12
How Do Pond Management Practices Impact Species Richness?
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How Do Pond Management Practices Impact Species Richness?
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 14
Bacteria Eukaryotes
Open Algae Pond Ecology – What are the Punchlines?
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 15
• There was a positive relationship between increasing species diversity and the productivity of the open algae pond.
• Increasing species diversity did not increase the variance of the open algae pond with this analysis.
• Process and management strategies can impact ecology, and these impacts can be lasting.
• While we are still far from engineering open pond algae ecosystems, these type of data suggest that open pond algae systems display some of the patterns observed in terrestrial ecosystems.
• We and others are working to construct stable consortia in the lab that have productivity and stability benefits, and hope to translate those to the field to realize the potential of the open pond platform for the continued production of low cost biomass.
Acknowledgements
• UCSD Steve Mayfield John Shurin Vineet Bafna Doruk Beyter
• Life Technologies Farzad Haerizadeh Pei-Zhong Tang Scott Becker Todd Peterson
• SDSU Yan Wei Lim
• Sapphire Energy Las Cruces – Crop protection Team (Kalli Lambeth), Harvest Team, Cultivation Team San Diego – Tony Hoang, Damla Bilgin, Craig Behnke
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 16
SAPPHIRE ENERGY 17
Questions?