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EARTH’S
WAT
ER
CH
AP T E R
2 S
E CT I O
N 3
EQ: What physical processes keeps Earth’s water constant?
OBJ: I will be able to use geographic terms and tools to explain how hydrology influences the physical character of a place.
WATER CYCLE ORGANIZER
1st stag
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• Description/definition
2nd stag
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• Description/definition
3rd stag
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• Description/definition
THE WATER CYCLE
Most of the hydrosphere is saltwater found in oceans, seas, and a few large saltwater lakes
The rest is freshwater found in lakes, rivers, and groundwater
Earth’s water is constantly moving from the oceans to the air to the land and back to the oceans
This is known as the water cycle
THE WATER CYCLE
The sun drives the water cycle by evaporation from the surfaces of Earth’s bodies of water and plants
Water vapor gathers in the airThe amount held depends on temperature
Warm, less dense air holds more water vapor than cool air
When warm air cools and can no longer be held as water vapor, excess water vapor turns into liquid, known as condensation
Clouds release the water they can no longer hold, causing precipitation
The precipitation seeps into the ground and is collected into streams and lakes which leads back to the oceans
RECAP!
What drives the water cycle?How are clouds formed?What happens when warm air
cools?
SALT WATER: OCEANS About 97 percent of Earth’s water is a huge,
uninterrupted body of waterDivided into five oceans: Pacific (largest of the oceans;
can cover all of Earth’s land masses) Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Southern (extends from coast of Antarctica north to 60 degree S latitude)
Seas, gulfs, and bays are bodies of saltwater smaller than oceans
Mediterranean Sea – encircled by southern Europe, northern Africa, and south western Asia
Gulf of Mexico – encircled by coasts of Mexico and the United States
There are about 66 separate seas, gulfs, and bays
SALTWATER TO FRESHWATER
FRESHWATER
3 percent of Earth’s water is freshwater
Most lakes, or bodies of water completely surrounded by land, contain freshwater
Some salt lakes include Utah’s Great Salt Lake and the Dead SeaMost lakes are located where glaciers moved , cut deep valleys, and
built up dams of soil and rock that held in melting ice water
Streams and rivers are flowing bodies of waterThey usually flow into large bodies of water
RECAP
Where do we get our freshwater from?
Can we drink salt water? Why or why not?
What is desalination?
1. According to the video, how long has California been in a drought?
2. Where do the farmers get water if California is in a drought? What type of water is it?
3. As a result of drilling, what’s happening to the water supply? Why does the man in charge of water drilling think this water has to be drilled?
4. About how long does it take for groundwater to replenish?
5. According to the hydrologist in the shed, has the groundwater increased or decreased? By about how much?
DEPLETING THE WATERhttp://www.cbsnews.com/videos/depleting-the-water