EARTHQUAKE AND TYPHOON: UP BAGUIO LIBRARY EXPERIENCES IN

DISASTERS AND CRISESBY

CRISTINA B. VILLANUEVA

UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES BAGUIO

REVIEW OF TERMS

• DISASTER

• CRISIS

• EMERGENCY

DISASTERS

• SUDDEN UNFORESEEN EVENTS WITH NATURAL,

TECHNOLOGICAL OR SOCIAL CAUSES THAT LEAD TO

DESTRUCTION, LOSS AND DAMAGE

• EVENTS CONCENTRATED IN TIME AND SPACE, IN

WHICH SOCIETY OR ITS PARTS UNDERGO PHYSICAL

HARM AND SOCIAL DESTRUCTION, SO THAT ALL OR

PART OF THE ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS OF SUCH SOCIETY

ARE IMPAIRED

CRISIS

• A DISRUPTION THAT PHYSICALLY AFFECTS A SYSTEM AS A

WHOLE AND THREATENS ITS BASIC ASSUMPTIONS, ITS

SUBJECTIVE SENSE OF SELF, AND ITS EXISTENTIAL CORE

• ABNORMAL SITUATION WHICH PRESENTS A HIGH RISK TO

BUSINESS AND MAY TRIGGER RAPID PUBLIC POLICY

CHANGES

• SITUATION FACED BY AN INDIVIDUAL, GROUP OR

ORGANIZATION WHICH THEY ARE UNABLE TO COPE WITH

BY THE USE OF NORMAL ROUTINE PROCEDURES AND IN

WHICH STRESS IS CREATED BY SUDDEN CHANGE

EMERGENCY

• NATURAL OR MAN-MADE SITUATION THAT MAY

RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL HARM TO THE POPULATION

OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY

• IMMINENT OR ACTUAL EVENT THAT THREATENS

PEOPLE, PROPERTY OR THE ENVIRONMENT AND

WHICH REQUIRES COORDINATED AND RAPID

RESPONSE

• STATE IN WHICH NORMAL PROCEDURES ARE

SUSPENDED AND EXTRA-ORDINARY MEASURES ARE

TAKEN TO SAVE LIVES, PROTECT PEOPLE, LIMIT

DAMAGE AND RETURN CONDITIONS TO NORMAL

THE PHILIPPINE GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITION

• NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC REGION

• PACIFIC RING OF FIRE

• VULNERABLE TO NATURAL HAZARDS

THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES BAGUIO LIBRARY

• CORDILLERA REGION

• MOUNTAINOUS LANDSCAPE

1990 EARTHQUAKE

• AFTERNOON (3 OR 4 PM) OF JULY 16, 1990

• INTENSITY 6.9

• LIBRARY BUILDING COLLAPSED

• RAIN WATER SEEPED THROUGH THE COLLAPSED ROOF

• BOOKS WERE WET

• BOOKS FELL OFF THE SHELVES

• SOME BOOKS WERE UNACCOUNTED FOR

1990 EARTHQUAKE

• THE LIBRARY WAS CLOSED FOR A FEW MONTHS

• THE LIBRARY HAD TO TRANSFER TO THE AUDITORIUM

WHILE A NEW BUILDING WAS CONSTRUCTED

• LIMITED SEATING CAPACITY OF THE AUDITORIUM

1990 EARTHQUAKE

1990 EARTH QUAKE

1990 EARTH QUAKE

1997 TYPHOON

• TYPHOON GORING

• HAPPENED ON A WEEKEND

• ROOF GUTTER CLOGGED WITH PINE NEEDLES

• CEILING ABOVE THE FILIPINIANA SECTION COLLAPSED

• MORE THAN A THOUSAND FILIPINIANA AND FOREIGN

BOOKS WERE WET

• THE LIBRARY WAS FLOODED

1993 TYPHOON

• LESS THAN A THOUSAND BOOKS WERE BEYOND

RECOVERY

• PAGES STUCK TOGETHER

• BOOKS WERE MOLD INFESTED

• BOOKS HAD TO BE AIR DRIED INSIDE THE LIBRARY

• LIBRARY WAS CLOSED FOR A NUMBER OF WEEKS

• ON FINE DAYS, BOOKS WERE SUN DRIED IN THE OPEN

COURT

• ELECTRIC FANS, HAIR DRYERS, PORTABLE HEATERS

COMMUNITY EFFORTS

• MOBILIZATION OF STUDENTS

• FRIENDS OF THE LIBRARY

WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?

• DISASTER PLAN – ESSENTIAL TOOL EMPLOYED BY

ORGANIZATIONS TO ENSURE THEY CAN CONTINUE

OPERATIONS AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE, FLOOD,

TERRORIST INCIDENT, PANDEMIC, POWER OUTAGE, OR

OTHER SERIOUS DISRUPTION

DISASTER PLAN

• ALSO CALLED A BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN

• DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RECOVERY PLAN

• EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

DISASTER PLAN

• ADDRESS THREE ELEMENTS :

• PREPAREDNESS

• RECOVERY

• CONTINUITY

DISASTER PLAN

• ENSURING HUMAN SAFETY IS MORE CRUCIAL THAN

PROTECTING LIBRARY MATERIALS

• STEPS TAKEN TO LESSEN IMPACT OF LOSS OR DAMAGE

TO LIBRARY MATERIALS

UP BAGUIOLIBRARY DISASTERMANAGEMENT PLAN

• CRAFTED IN 2015

• DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTITUTION

• POLICY, PROCEDURES, GUIDELINES, PRIORITIES

• BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER EMERGENCY

• REVISION AND REVIEW – 2 YEARS (OR AS THE SITUATION WARRANTS)

• FIRE, FLOODING, TYPHOON, EARTHQUAKE, BOMB THREAT, BREACH IN SECURITY, OTHER EMERGENCY SITUATION

• OFFICES INVOLVED

• EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAMS, EMERGENCY NUMBERS, BUILDING PLAN, KITS, SUPPLIES

TURNING CHALLENGES TO OPPORTUNITIES

• LEADERSHIP

• LOCAL SOLUTIONS TO LOCAL PROBLEMS

• AWARENESS OF WEATHER CONDITIONS

• PRESENCE OF MIND

• INFRASTRUCTURE

• CONSIDER A NEW MODEL IN THE DELIVERY OF

SERVICES

• KEEP SAFE AND LET US PRAY THAT THIS WILL END

SOON

• THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

• REFERENCES

• 2016. AL-DAHASH, HAJER, MENAHA THAYAPARANUDAYANGAN

UDAYANGAI KULATUNGA. UNDERSTANDING THE TERMINOLOGIES;

DISASTER, CRISIS AND EMERGENCY. ACCESSED AT

HTTP://WWW.ARCOM.AC.UK/-

DOCS/PROCEEDINGS/9AC79958D9024495CD81E13909ED08CB.PDF

• 2015. DURANTI, LUCIANA AND PATRICIA C. FRANKS, EDS.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHIVAL SCIENCE. LANHAM, MARYLAND:

ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD.

• 2013. KOBAYASHI, NAOKO. “EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS FOR

LIBRARIES: LESSONS OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE”. IN

INTERNATIONAL PRESERVATION NEWS. PP. 32-36.

• 2010. MILLAR, LAURA A. ARCHIVES: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES.

NEW YORK: NEAL SCHUMAN PUBLISHERS.

Leading Libraries in Times of Crisis:

Turning challenges to opportunities

Marina G. Dayrit Lecture Series 1

Engracia S. Santos

Ateneo de Manila University

24 June 2020

Challenges

Opportunities

Objective

• Identify the different crises affecting libraries

• How libraries cope with these crises

• What qualities leaders need during crises

• Ways to turn challenges to opportunities

• To share the experiences of library leaders on how they transform their challenges into opportunities

Poll Question No. 1: Where are you joining us from?

• Metro Manila

• Other parts of Luzon

• Visayas

• Mindanao

• Other countries

Library

is a safe place

Library

is a safe place

Library’s openness makes

it vulnerable to crisis

because

• we admit everyone

• our patrons are diverse

• hours extend into the

night

• geographic location

But what is a crisis?

It is an event that leads to a dangerous situation affecting a person, community, society, or planet.

"personal crisis,” "organizational crisis,” or

"global crisis."

The critical elements of a crisis are that

1. it is unexpected and 2. the outcome is more likely than not to be

negative, unstable, and dangerous.

Common types of crises

• Environmental crises

• International crises

• Economic crises

• Public-health crises

• Personal crises

IN THE LIBRARY, WE USUALLY ENCOUNTER THESE PROBLEMS!

PATRON PROBLEMS

STAFF PROBLEMS

BUILDING PROBLEMS

COMPUTER/TECHNICAL PROBLEMS

NATURAL DISASTERS

MAN-MADE PROBLEMS

FINANCIAL PROBLEMS

MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS

Poll Question No. 2:

Before Covid 19 pandemic, what is no. 1 problem affecting your library?

PATRON PROBLEMS

STAFF PROBLEMS

BUILDING PROBLEMS

COMPUTER/TECHNICAL PROBLEMS

NATURAL DISASTERS

MAN-MADE PROBLEMS

FINANCIAL PROBLEMS

MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS

Libraries/Librarians in Times of Crisis

• Cultivate a sense of community• Offer help when normal channels are

inaccessible• Help educate the public • Serve as information gatekeepers • Provide flexible space • Open-minded to learning new skills

Build a future that is informed, safe,

and welcome to all

How Libraries Cope With Covid-19 Pandemic

Philippine Association of Academic and Research Librarians

Albert Einstein also said,

"The leader is one who,

out of the clutter, brings simplicity …

out of discord, harmony … and

out of difficulty, opportunity."

5 Qualities Leaders Need to Demonstrate in Times of Crisis

understanding

calm

confidence

honesty

direction

Ways to turn crisis

into opportunity

1. Keep the Focus2. Discover the power of vision3. Learn to unlearn4. Take advantage of the breaks5. Innovate to grow6. Practice solidarity7. Expand your comfort zone

References

• Eberhart, G. M. Libraries in Times of Crisis A report from the IFLA World Library and Information Congress. August 20, 2015

• Guarria, C.I. and Wang, Z. (2011), "The economic crisis and its effect on libraries", New Library World, Vol. 112 No. 5/6, pp. 199-214.

• Hahn, Allison. Crisis. Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2020

• Leyes, Kevin. 7 Ways To Turn Crisis Into Opportunity. Small Business Publishing

• Maynor, Ashley R. Libraries & Librarians in the Aftermath: OurStories & Ourselves. Collaborative Librarianship Vol 11 Issue 1 Article 10

• National Library of the Philippines. Status of Philippine Public Libraries and Librarianship: Final Research Report. http://web.nlp.gov.ph/nlp/sites/default/files/ 14Jun2019/ Status%20of%20Philippine%20Public%20Libraries%20and %20librarianship.pdf

• Witt, Steve. Libraries in Times of Crisis. IFLA and Institutions 2019. Vol 45(1) 3-4

Leadingthe Libraries in Times of CrisisTransforming Challenges to Opportunities

Judeelyn S. Bundoc

Adamson University

24 June 2020

Marina G. Dayrit Lecture Series 1 – Webinar

The mission of the Adamson University Library Services is to provide an

inviting, dynamic learning environment and services that support and enhance

teaching, literacy and lifelong learning.

The library is no longer a physical space to study and for circulation of

materials, it provides other services such as information literacy, trainings,

online resources/databases and a place for quiet reflection and more

importantly, collaborative work.

The Library provides different programs and projects as part of daily functions

to ensure smooth operations. It composed of licensed, professional, and

computer-savvy Librarians and Library Staff are ready to assist users.

The AdU Library

Experience

The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) outbreak had a global impact.

Many/All institutions are closed: the school, student

services, and yes, the libraries.

The Libraries in Times of CoronaVirus

How the Libraries areResponding

Follows the guidelines and protocol issued by the IATF

The library building may be closed to public during this time of pandemic, but the library services are open and

continuous.

Libraries and Library Staff are rising to the challenge. They’re demonstrating strength, dedication,

resourcefulness, and the essential role they play during this time of community need.

The library staff have focused their already strong communication and advocacy to ensure continuous

services and access to information for library clientele.

NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS OF RELEVANT INTERESTED PARTIES

SWOT Analysis

Opportunity Assessment & Plan

Risk Assessment and Risk Treatment

Plan Communication Plan

How AdU Library is providing support to its

community during COVID-19?

Online Reference Services Document Deivery Services Webinars andOnline Trainings E-Resources Assistance

Subject Guides Contactless Loan Services

TIPS TO LEADING YOUR LIBRARIES IN

TIMES OF CRISIS

A nticipate Delegate

Unite

Collaborate and

Cooperate

A ccountable

Resilient

Engage

References:

Institute of Museum and Library Services. (2020). Libraries are a refuge in times of crisis. https://www.imls.gov/blog/2020/03/libraries-are-refuge-times-crisis

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). (2020). COVID-19 and the global library field. https://www.ifla.org/covid-19-and-libraries

Leading the Libraries in times of

Crisis: Experiences from Capiz

Christian George F. Acevedo

Capiz State University

The Capiz State University Main Campus

Library, Roxas City

Post-Typhoon Ursula, 2019

Lessons from

typhoons

• Housekeeping

• Air drying

• Checking of books for

mold and mildew

• Inspection of structure

• Revision of Library

Manual to include

conservation and

preservation practices

and disaster

preparedness and

management

Pre-ECQ (February – Mid-March 2020)

• Disinfection of reading area

• Hand sanitation

• Wearing of face mask

• Distribution of health brochures

• Posting and distribution of heath reminders to prevent from catching the virus on FB page

During ECQ (March 17-April 30)

• Library was closed

• Staff worked at home

• Contact with clientele was mainly on FB messenger and email

• Launched an FB-based archiving community (“Handumanan kayCOVID”)

An online archiving project to capture individual and collective memories to bridge communal

history and offer a fully realized look at the outbreak that can help the public, researchers, historians and policymakers better understand

how the pandemic affected our lives.

Post-ECQ and towards New Normal

• First day of report was May 1 when

Capiz was placed under GCQ

• Housekeeping

• Health measures observed (thermal

scanning, wearing of face mask,

sanitizing and disinfection)

• University librarians met to discuss

crucial actions in preparation of

new normal and opening of classes.

• Revision of Library Manual and

policies to institutionalize measures

for the new normal.

Some things to consider…

Limit of entry of users (50 percent of the

total seating capacity)

Maintain ventilation

Cover/ protection for library counter

Window transaction

HANDLING OF MATERIALS

Minimal handling of materials, ex. when the clientele returns the materials, a drop box or

table is provided where

book will be placed

and quarantined.

Paper provides low risk of virus transmission. Impose a wait period before handling

returned books (24 hours for

paper, 72 hours for plastic)

Restriction of computer use for proper sanitation

PROVISION FOR REMOTE SERVICES• Establish and regular update of

Facebook pages, websites/blogsites.

• Strengthen online delivery services

• Consider other social media platforms like Youtube for videos about library policies and activities; slideshare for library-related lectures; and Academia/Researchgate for library-related literature like manuals, brochures, citizens charter, etc. Make the most of library’s website.

• Acquisition of online databases or downloading of ebooks with creative commons attribution

• Encourage patrons to communicate with facebook/text/email/phone in

Some more things to consider…

• Consider what services may be made upon appointment

• Consider extending loaning period (from overnight to a week)

• Assign a dedicated employee to disinfect frequently touched areas during hours the building is open to the public.

• Consider adjusting operating hours to allow more time for cleaning. Schedule library for deep cleaning at least once a week.

• Readjust space to consider the allowed distance per person.

Takeaways…

Prior to COVID-19 outbreak, we have been told time and again of the need to upgrade our skills to ensure the delivery of library

services despite disruptions (Web 2.0 skills, information literacy, hybrid and remote services, etc.). With all these

restrictions in place, and despite certain limitations (poor internet connection,

limited library facilities) now is to time to level up our skills so we can address the

information needs of our learners anytime and wherever we are, wherever they are.

Thank you