Earth Space Science Test Review Worksheet Answers

1. What do the Earth and 7 other planets orbit?

• The Sun2. What does the Moon orbit?• The Earth3. How long does it take for the Earth

to orbit the Sun?• One year

4. How long does it take for the Moon to orbit the Earth?

• One month5. How much time does it take for the

Earth to rotate one time on its axis?• 24 hours6. What objects are in our Solar System?• Sun; Earth, other planets, and dwarf

planets; the Moon and other moons; asteroids; and comets

7. What causes day and night?• Earth’s rotation on its axis8. What causes the seasons?• The tilt of Earth and Earth’s

revolution of the Sun9. Where on Earth do the lengths of

daylight change the most over a year?

• The poles

10. How many tides are there in one day?

• 211. What are the 4 layers of the Earth?• Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust12. What is the lithosphere?• The crust and the upper mantle.

Also contains the plates that move over time.

13. What is the asthenosphere?• The middle mantle. It is where

magma is located.

14. Know the names of the Moon’s phases, what they look like, and where the Moon is located in its orbit around the Earth at each phase.

15. What type of rock is formed through heat and pressure changes?

• Metamorphic16. What type of rock forms as magma

cools inside Earth?• Igneous17. What is the most abundant gas in

Earth’s atmosphere?• Nitrogen

18. A metamorphic rock melts. This molten rock then cools and becomes solid. What is the name of the cycle that these processes are part of?

• Rock cycle19. What is a transform boundary?• Where two lithospheric plates slide

past each other.20. What is a convergent boundary?• Where two lithospheric plates

converge or move towards each other.

21. What is a divergent boundary?• Where two lithospheric plates diverge

or move away from each other.22. A tectonic plate is a slab (piece) of

Earth's lithosphere or asthenosphere?• Lithosphere23. Which water cycle process is rain?• Precipitation24. Which water cycle process forms

clouds?• condensation

25. How many hours of daylight are there at the equator every day of the year?

• 1226. Name 5 bodies of water or

geographical features that have fresh water.

• River, stream, creek, pond, lake, iceberg, glacier, groundwater, waterfall, geyser

27. Name 5 bodies of water that have salt water.

• Ocean, sea, bay, gulf, cove, lagoon

28. How do volcanoes form?• Subduction of one lithospheric plate

under another.29. What happens at a mid-ocean ridge?• Sea-floor spreading – where magma

rises from the asthenosphere to the crust at a divergent boundary.

30. How were the Alps mountains formed?

• The African and European plates converging.

31. What type of boundary is the San Andreas fault in California, divergent, convergent, or transform?

• Transform32. In which direction do the tidal

bulges point at?• One at the Moon, and the other in

the opposite direction33. Why is it hotter in summer than in

winter?• The Earth is tilted toward the Sun.

34. What is a solar eclipse?• When the Moon’s shadow falls on

Earth.35. What is a lunar eclipse?• When the Earth’s shadow falls on

the Moon.36. Where is the asteroid belt?• Between Mars and Jupiter