Early Early church church then a then a schismschismFrom Jesus onwardFrom Jesus onward

New religionNew religion• News spreads about Jesus- News spreads about Jesus-

conversions- Pentecost- 12 Apostles, conversions- Pentecost- 12 Apostles, PaulPaul

• Conflict arises over circumcision- for Conflict arises over circumcision- for salvation/ not for salvationsalvation/ not for salvation

• Council of Jerusalem- basic minimum:Council of Jerusalem- basic minimum:– Abstain from food offered to idolsAbstain from food offered to idols– Abstain from bloodAbstain from blood– Abstain from meat of strangled animalsAbstain from meat of strangled animals– Abstain from sexual immoralityAbstain from sexual immorality

New ReligionNew Religion•New Israel- followers of ChristNew Israel- followers of Christ•Persecution by RomePersecution by Rome•Martyrdom- “Blood of the Martyrdom- “Blood of the

martyrs is the seed of the martyrs is the seed of the church”church”

•Gnosticism- special knowledgeGnosticism- special knowledge•Cross- Holy trinity- CreedsCross- Holy trinity- Creeds

Church Church DevelopsDevelops

•Christianity spreadsChristianity spreads•Bishops/leaders in key cities/ all Bishops/leaders in key cities/ all

are in relative unity/ councils are are in relative unity/ councils are called to work out theological called to work out theological issuesissues

•1054- The Great Schism1054- The Great Schism•Over theological issues: The Holy Over theological issues: The Holy

Spirit, Papal claim, celibacy for Spirit, Papal claim, celibacy for priestspriests

Eastern OrthodoxEastern Orthodox•Less distance between clergy Less distance between clergy

and laityand laity•Holy Spirit from the Father Holy Spirit from the Father

onlyonly•Marriage of priests allowedMarriage of priests allowed•Poor treatment by crusadersPoor treatment by crusaders•PatriarchatesPatriarchates•*Spiritual/Experiential*Spiritual/Experiential

Roman CatholicismRoman Catholicism•Religious power growingReligious power growing•Pope of Rome- universal head of Pope of Rome- universal head of

the Churchthe Church•Holy Spirit from both the Father Holy Spirit from both the Father

and the Sonand the Son•Celibacy for priestsCelibacy for priests•Unleavened bread at communionUnleavened bread at communion•*Legalistic/Scholarly*Legalistic/Scholarly

Orthodoxy ContinuedOrthodoxy Continued• Russian Orthodox Church becomes Russian Orthodox Church becomes

prominent when Ottoman Turks take prominent when Ottoman Turks take Constantinople.Constantinople.

• Under the Soviets the Church is repressed Under the Soviets the Church is repressed and many are killed or forced into labor and many are killed or forced into labor camps until 1988- Gorbachev.camps until 1988- Gorbachev.

• Orthodox Today- 15 self-governing- Orthodox Today- 15 self-governing- patriarch, metropolitan or archbishoppatriarch, metropolitan or archbishop

• Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, JerusalemJerusalem

• Most live in Russia, Balkans and eastern Most live in Russia, Balkans and eastern EuropeEurope

Orthodoxy Orthodoxy continuedcontinued

•Little change- preserve the Little change- preserve the pattern of early churchpattern of early church

•Synod for any changesSynod for any changes•Honor Bible and writings of Honor Bible and writings of

saintssaints•Veneration of iconsVeneration of icons•Sing the divine liturgySing the divine liturgy•Contemplative, mysticalContemplative, mystical

Roman CatholicismRoman Catholicism

•Christianity grows in West while Christianity grows in West while Rome falls and Islam conquersRome falls and Islam conquers

•Papal power- pope highest of all Papal power- pope highest of all bishopsbishops

•Church over Secular (8Church over Secular (8thth century)century)

• Inquisition- investigate and Inquisition- investigate and suppress heresy- some abusessuppress heresy- some abuses

Roman CatholicismRoman Catholicism

•Mysticism in monasteriesMysticism in monasteries•Stigmata- Saint Francis of AssisiStigmata- Saint Francis of Assisi•Theology- intellectual- Theology- intellectual-

monasteries- learningmonasteries- learning•Monks/nuns (cloistered)<-Monks/nuns (cloistered)<-

>friars/brothers (among the >friars/brothers (among the people)people)