EANET Monitoring Data for

The Model Intercomparison Study

Kazuhide Matsuda

Acid Deposition and Oxidant Research Center (ADORC)

Introduction

• The preparatory phase of Acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia (EANET) was carried out successfully.

• “Report on the Acid Deposition Monitoring of EANET during the preparatory phase” was published in August 2000 with the monitoring data.

• After the preparatory phase, the regular phase was started from January 2001.

EANET sites in 2000

Classifications of EANET sites

• The data monitored in remote sites and some rural sites are suitable for validations of regional scale transport models.

– The year 2000

• Remote: 16 sites

• Rural: 8 sites

• Urban: 14 sites

Remote sites

Thana Rata, Malaysia

Cheju, Korea

Tarelj, Mongolia

Rural sites

Serpong, Indonesia

Los Banos, Philippines

Patumthani, Thailand

Available monitoring data

• The preparatory phase -open to public– Monthly averaged data (Apr.1998 ~ Dec.1999)– A lot of lack of data

• The monitoring data in 2000– The data set in 2000 is relatively complete. – The issue of data disclosure in the regular phase

will be discussed in the 3nd Intergovernmental Meeting held in November 2001.

Quality of monitoring data for wet deposition (1)

• Ion balance check (R1)

• Conductivity balance check (R2)

-80-60-40-20

020406080

100

0 1 10 100

Λ meas (mS/ m)

R2

(%)

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

1 10 100 1000 10000

C+A (μ eq/ l)

R1

(%)

Country Name of sites Sample(N) R1(N) R1(AA) % R2(N) R2(AA) % R1&R2(N)R1&R2(AA) %

China Chongqing

-Guanyinqiao 58 58 29 50 58 38 66 58 24 41

-Nanshan 21 20 9 45 20 9 45 20 4 20

Xi'an

-Jiancezhan 32 32 3 9 32 21 66 32 2 6

-Weishuiyuan 22 22 4 18 22 8 36 22 0 0

-Dabagou 32 32 2 6 32 18 56 32 1 3

Xiamen

-Hongwen 39 39 26 67 39 35 90 39 23 59

-Xiaoping 49 49 26 53 49 40 82 49 19 39

Zhuhai

-Jiancezhan 26 12 2 17 12 3 25 12 2 17

-Zhuxian Cavern -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Indonesia Jakarta 34 34 2 6 34 11 32 34 0 0

Serpong 50 37 3 8 37 16 43 37 2 5

Kototabang 121 121 112 93 0 0 -- 0 0 --

Bandung

Japan Rishiri 134 104 93 89 104 95 91 104 86 83

Tappi 229 178 172 97 178 178 100 178 172 97

Sado/(Sado-seki) 98 80 78 98 80 79 99 80 78 98

Happo 344 267 253 95 267 267 100 267 253 95

Oki 250 224 209 93 224 223 100 224 209 93

Ashizuri 188 187 182 97 187 187 100 187 182 97

Ogasawara 66 58 47 81 58 54 93 58 47 81

Kunigami 315 264 234 89 264 249 94 264 229 87

Ijira 14 14 11 79 14 14 100 14 11 79

Banryu 17 17 14 82 17 17 100 17 14 82

Republic Kanghwa 16 16 10 63 16 14 88 16 9 56

of Korea Kosan 15 15 9 60 15 12 80 15 7 47

Malaysia Petaling Jaya 66 64 37 58 35 34 97 35 30 86

Tanah Rata 52 51 7 14 17 17 100 17 4 24

Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 65 61 1 2 61 39 64 61 1 2

Terelj 67 58 11 19 57 47 82 57 11 19

PhilippinesMetro Manila 12 12 0 0 12 1 8 12 0 0

Los Banos 20 13 2 15 13 1 8 13 0 0

Russia Mondy 21 21 16 76 21 12 57 21 7 33

Thailand Bangkok 63 63 11 17 62 39 63 62 8 13

Samutprakarn

Patumthani 63 63 39 62 63 46 73 63 32 51

Khao Lam 40 37 13 35 36 18 50 36 7 19

Vietnam Hanoi 16 15 12 80 15 15 100 15 12 80Hoa Binh 16 15 14 93 15 15 100 15 14 93

Quality of monitoring data for wet deposition (1)

• Inter-laboratory comparison project– Round robin analysis survey of uniformly prepare

d artificial rainwater samples

14441525

18CA1828

1F29 1829

1B79 1878

18D8

17D8

1D881BC8

1EC8

1B8A

18C8

1648

1788

1FA9 1748

1434

-60 %

-45 %

-30 %

-15 %

0 %

15 %

30 %

45 %

60 %

Sample No.1 Sample No.2

SO42- (2nd Survey)

1D88

1434

1BC8

1788

1444

17D81829

1B8A

18C81828

18CA

1EC8 15251FA9

17481648

18D8

1B79 18781F29

-60 %

-45 %

-30 %

-15 %

0 %

15 %

30 %

45 %

60 %

Sample No.1 Sample No.2

1F2918D8

17D8

1B79

18C81444

14341525

1FA9

1648

1B8A

1EC8

18CA

1878

1829

1828

1748

1D881BC8

1788

-60 %

-45 %

-30 %

-15 %

0 %

15 %

30 %

45 %

60 %

Sample No.1 Sample No.2

• NO3- (2nd Survey)

• NH4+ (2nd Survey)

Applied methods for air quality monitoring in 2000

• Automatic monitoring method

– UVF (SO2) , CLD (NO, NO2) UV photometric (O3), TEOM, ray (PM) etc.

– China, Indonesia, Japan, Thailand• Filter pack method

– 4-stage filter pack method– Malaysia, Mongolia, Philippines, Russia, Viet

nam

 

Items of air quality monitoring in 2000

SO2 NO, NO2

NOx (*)

O3 HNO3, HCl, NH3

PM10 PMC

China ○ NO2

Indonesia ○ NO2

Japan ○ NO,NOx* ○ ○

Malaysia ○ ○ ○ ○

Mongolia ○ ○ ○

Philippines ○ ○ ○

ROK

Russia ○ ○ ○

Thailand ○ NO,NO2 ○ ○

Vietnam ○ ○ ○

Results of the monitoring in 2000

• SO2 concentration (monthly average)

– Urban• China 2, Japan 1, Mongolia 1, Philippines 1 , Thailand 2, Vietnam 1

– Rural• China 1, Indonesia 1, Japan 1, Philippines 1, Thailand 1, Vietnam 1

– Remote• Japan 8, Malaysia 1, Mongolia 1, Russia 1, Thailand 1

< 1 ppb

1 ~ 10 ppb

1 ~ 100 ppb

A topic of the year 2000

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140

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SO

2 co

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[ppb

]

Sado Happo Yusuhara Ijira

• Extremely high concentration influenced by volcanic SO2 from Miyake Island volcano

12 ~ 24 September 2000

Rishiri

Sado

Oki

Yusuhara

Happo

Banryu

IjiraMiyake IslandMiyake Island

volcanovolcano

Tappi

Summery

• Availability of EANET monitoring data– 1998~1999 (opened)– 2000 (not opened yet)

• Quality of the wet deposition monitoring data

• Air quality monitoring– Automatic monitors and filter packs

• A topic of the year 2000– Eruption of Miyake Island volcano