e16 Composite Materials

8/3/2019 e16 Composite Materials

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Needs to produce new materials forspecific purposes

Meaning of composite materials

Examples of composite materials and

their components

Compare and contrast the propertiesof composite materials with those of

their original components

LearningOutcomes


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NEEDS TOPRODUCE NEWMATERIALSFOR SPECIFIC

PURPOSES

Concrete is used

because of itsstrength

Optic fibers replacingcopper wire

Superconductor couldconduct electric Glass fibres are used to

reinforce plastic in rackets

Glass capable thermallytempered or chemicallystrengthened to comply

Activity


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Pop Quiz 1

1) What are the needs to produce newmaterials for specific purposes?

Answer?


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The needs to produce new materialsfor specific purposes are:

Reinforced concrete

Fibre glass

Fibre optic

Photochromic glass

Superconductor


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A) Activity 1

Activity in laboratory.

Objective : To make simple composite materials

B) Activity 2


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Apparatus

- 10 sheets of newspaper- Blender

- Glue

Procedure

Soak about 10 sheets of newspaper overnight

Blend the newspaper

Add glue to the pulp

Make it into a sheet and leave it to dry


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Procedure:

1) Pour about 20 cm3 of any type of glue into a small beakerand add 20 cm3 of water.

2) Add one drop of food colouring into the mixture and stirwith a glass rod

3) Add borax slowly and keep stirring until a dough is

formed

4) Discard the excess water and shape it into a ball

5) Repeat steps 1 to 4 with other types of glue

6) Compare the properties of the balls with that of their

original components.

Throw all the balls to the ground. Can all the balls bounce?

Can all the balls bounce to the same height?


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Discussion

Comparison between the properties of the balls with theiroriginal components

Properties of original

componentProperties of the

composite material

(balls)1) The original component

not elastic but become

adhere

2) Cannot bound

3) Original component

cannot shaped but it

follow the shape of

container

1) Balls become elastic

2) Balls can bound when

we throw it in different

distance

3) Balls can be shaped


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Conclusion

composite materials have different properties withtheir original component such stronger and high

tensile.


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Concrete are very good composites and are essentialfor the construction of large structure likes high-risebuildings. It also suitable to build buildings that aresubject to earthquakes


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.

Some superconductors are made from composite

materials. These specific superconductor are widely

used today.


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Fibre optics are used to replace copper wire in longdistance as an appropriate means ofcommunicationsignal transmission


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Fibre glass has high tensile strength, can be easilycoloured and low in density. It can be made into thinlayers, yet very strong and also easily moulded andshaped


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Photochromic glass helps to protect our eyes fromharmful ultraviolet rays and glare from the sun. Italso reduce refraction of light


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DEFINITION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

A compositematerial is astructural

materials that isformed bycombining two or

more differentsubstances suchas metal, alloys,

glass, ceramicsand polymers


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Pop Quiz 2

2) What is the definition of compositematerials?

Answer?


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Definition of composite materials is:A composite material is a structural

materials that is formed by combining twoor more different substances such asmetal, alloys, glass, ceramics andpolymers


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REINFORCED CONCRETE

Concrete reinforcedwith steel wires, steelbars or any polymers

fibres.

The resulting

combination is a verytough material withmore tensilestrength.


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SUPERCONDUCTOR

Superconductors are

capable ofconductingelectricitywithout any

electrical resistancewhen they are cooledextremely lowtemperature


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FIBRE OPTIC

Consists of a bundle ofglass or plasticthreads that aresurrounded by a glasscladding.


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FIBRE GLASS

Fibre glass is

produced when glassfibres are embeddedin plastic resins toproduce glass fibrereinforced plastics


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PHOTOCHROMIC GLASS

Produced by

embedding photochromic substanceslike fine silver chlorideor silver halidecrystals in glass ortransparent polymers.


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EXAMPLE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS ANDTHEIR COMPONENT

REINFORCED

CONCRETE

SUPERCONDUCTOR

FIBRE OPTIC

PHOTOCHROMICGLASS

FIBRE GLASS


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Pop Quiz 3

3) Give one example of compositematerial and their component?

Answer?


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Reinforced Concrete Mixture of cement, sand,stone, water and ironrode

Composite material Component


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Reinforced Concrete Mixture of cement, sand,stone, water and ironrode

COMPOSITE MATERIALS COMPONENT

Fibre Glass Glass fiber added to plastic

Photochromic Glass Mixture of glass with silverchloride or silver halidecrystals

Specific Super Conductor

Mixture of ceramic with

cuprum oxide, itrium andbarium

Optic Fibre Glass, cuprum metal,aluminium and plastic


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COMPARE AND CONTRAST

COMPOSITE MATERIALS ORIGINALCOMPONENT

Reinforced concrete

Can be moulded into any

shapes

Very tough material

More tensile strength

Concrete

Strong but brittle

Weak and tension

Steel

Strong in tension


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Fibre Optic

High transmission capacity

Chemical stability

Less susceptible two

interference

Glass

Hard

Strong

Relatively high density

Relatively brittle

Or

Plastic

Elastic

Flexible with low density


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Fibre glass

Tensile strength

Easily coloured

Low in density

Glass

Hard

Strong


Relatively brittle

Plastic

Elastic

Flexible with low density


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Photochromic Glass

Transperant to coloured

when exposed to ultraviolet

Revert to transparency

when light dimmed or

blocked

Glass

Hard

Strong


Relatively brittle

Substances

converted to silver and the

glass darkens


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Superconductor

Cooled to extremely low

temperature

Alloy

Stronger

Harder

Resistance to corrosion

Have a better furnish and

lustre

Ceramic

Withstand high temperature Do not melt easily

Very hard


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Pop Quiz 4

4) Give one example of compositematerial and their originalcomponent properties.

Answer?


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COMPOSITE MATERIALS ORIGINAL COMPONENT

Reinforced concrete

Can be moulded into anyshapes

Very tough material

More tensile strength

Concrete

Strong but brittle Weak and tension

Steel

Strong in tension


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CHEMISTRY TEASER

KL tower is still standing,Go with family to enjoys,Used to build high rise buildings,

Reinforced concrete is the best choice.

Adam and Jenab from the different city,Go to the flower shop to buy carnations,

Superconductors are capable of conducting electricity,Founded in the bullet trains for people connectivity


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Saerah and Jenal late go to class,

Causing by missed the commuter,

Fibre optic consists a bundle of glass,

Which use to link the computer.

Siti Nurhaliza clothes are branded,

Datuk K give her an expensive coat,

Fibre glass is easily shaped and moulded,

One of the components in boat.


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COMMATE PUZZLE.

Instruction:

1) Combine the pieces of picture puzzle according

to the reference pictures that had been given

2) Then, paste it onto polystyrene board provided

3) Finally, you must complete the sentences

about your picture

4) You are given five minutes to complete your

picture puzzle.

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e16 Composite Materials