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Engineering DesignEngineering Design

VideoVideo Summary of the VideoSummary of the Video Inventor's CharacteristicsInventor's Characteristics The Engineering Design Process.The Engineering Design Process.

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IDEO’s Basic Design StepsIDEO’s Basic Design Steps(Ref. The Video from ABC News)(Ref. The Video from ABC News)

STEP 1: ObservationSTEP 1: Observation (study the problem)(study the problem)STEP 2: BrainstormingSTEP 2: Brainstorming (generate as many ideas as possible)(generate as many ideas as possible)STEP 3: Sketching STEP 3: Sketching (Putting ideas on paper)(Putting ideas on paper)STEP 4: PrototypingSTEP 4: Prototyping (rabid, unfinished prototypes to get (rabid, unfinished prototypes to get

the idea into a users hand the idea into a users hand to test.)to test.)STEP 5: ImplementationSTEP 5: Implementation (The most important step) (The most important step)

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Characteristics of Inventors*Characteristics of Inventors*1. They are 1. They are not not troubled by the idea of failure.troubled by the idea of failure.

2. They realize that :2. They realize that :• failure can be learned fromfailure can be learned from• the ‘failed’ technology can later be re- the ‘failed’ technology can later be re-

used for other purposes used for other purposes• that one works in advanced areas where that one works in advanced areas where

failure is a real possibility. failure is a real possibility.

3.3. Innovators are Innovators are curious curious about what is about what is happening in a myriad of disciplines, not just happening in a myriad of disciplines, not just their own specialty.their own specialty.

*2005/6 MIT survey (Wikipedia)*2005/6 MIT survey (Wikipedia)

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The Thinking of an InventorThe Thinking of an Inventor

It was well publicized that Thomas Edison had triedIt was well publicized that Thomas Edison had triedunsuccessfully more than twenty types of filaments in hisunsuccessfully more than twenty types of filaments in hisefforts to invent a long lasting electric light bulb.efforts to invent a long lasting electric light bulb. After he finally invented the light bulb, and during a press After he finally invented the light bulb, and during a press conference, a young reporter asked him:conference, a young reporter asked him:

Mr. Edison, can you comment on the more than 20 timesMr. Edison, can you comment on the more than 20 timesthat you failed to discover the light bulb? that you failed to discover the light bulb?

My young manMy young man, Edison replied, , Edison replied, I did not failed 20 times;I did not failed 20 times; I simply I simply discovereddiscovered twenty ways twenty ways not not to built a light to built a light

bulbbulb

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Design:Design: Noun Noun VerbVerb

1.1. a plana plan

2.2. a projecta project

3.3. a plan to worka plan to work

from.from.

4. a sketch to work 4. a sketch to work fromfrom

5. 5. a creative activitya creative activity

To plan by To plan by drawing the drawing the outlineoutline

To sketchTo sketch To contriveTo contrive To project with To project with

an end in viewan end in view To form an ideaTo form an idea

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..

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Paper Clip / ZipperPaper Clip / Zipper

..

Function, Simplicity, Cost(the most celebrated designs)

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Modeling/PrototypingModeling/Prototyping

..

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Dish maker prototypeDish maker prototype

“…“…sure it looks like a sure it looks like a big metal piece of big metal piece of scrap with lots of scrap with lots of exposed wires and a exposed wires and a power strip, but it power strip, but it makes dishesmakes dishes. .

. ……”. ……”

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What is Design?What is Design?

“ “Design is the Design is the decision makingdecision making processprocess by which: by which:

information (an idea) is transformed into aninformation (an idea) is transformed into an outcomeoutcome, , a producta product or or serviceservice.”.”

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The Engineering Design ProcessThe Engineering Design Process It is a It is a processprocess

1.1. Team WorkTeam Work Team organizationTeam organization Multi-taskingMulti-tasking BrainstormingBrainstorming

2.2. Several stepsSeveral steps3.3. ““Value-add” in each stepValue-add” in each step4.4. Inputs and outputsInputs and outputs5.5. SchedulesSchedules

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1. ID

Need

The Steps of the Design Process. The Steps of the Design Process.

2. Define

Problem

3.Search

10.Communication

9.Specification

8.Test

5. Alternative solutions

6. Design

4. Constraints

7. Development

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1. Identify the need1. Identify the need

Who ID’s the Need?Who ID’s the Need?

In General:In General:

1.1. Local, State and Federal Government.Local, State and Federal Government.2.2. Market.Market.3.3. Individuals.Individuals.

Government

market/coorparations

Individuals

other

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2. Define the Problem2. Define the Problem

What do we have to do?What do we have to do? What is needed?What is needed? Who is going to use it?Who is going to use it? Where would it be used?Where would it be used? How would it be used?How would it be used? …………....

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3. Research3. Research

- ID the NeedID the Need- Define problemDefine problem- ResearchResearch

1. Material search and acquisition:1. Technical information about it,2. List of materials, 3. Properties of, name of supplier,

2. Quantity , Quality1. Supplier, etc.

2. Tools and equipment used in the project:

search and acquisition or build. (including testing devices)

3. Research about the engineering principles applicable to the project: 1. Theory, 2. Formulas for calculation,3. How do they relate / help your project.4. Technical reports from previous

products.

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4. 4. ConstraintsConstraints

Constraints Constraints areare limitations limitations

1.1. Safety issuesSafety issues2.2. Environmental issuesEnvironmental issues3.3. Other Governmental regulationsOther Governmental regulations4.4. Cost issuesCost issues5.5. Production issuesProduction issues6.6. Packaging and Transportation issuesPackaging and Transportation issues

……and of course issues of “and of course issues of “Engineering Engineering PrinciplesPrinciples ” ”

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SketchingSketching

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BrainstormingBrainstorming A method of generating ideasA method of generating ideas

1.1. No CriticizingNo Criticizing

2.2. No LimitNo Limit

3.3. No RestrictionsNo Restrictions

4.4. No DismissingNo Dismissing

5.5. No ShameNo Shame

6.6. No BoundariesNo Boundaries

7.7. No Holding backNo Holding back

The Seven Rules of BrainstormingThe Seven Rules of Brainstorming

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The Engineering Design ProcessThe Engineering Design Process

1.1. Understand the Understand the NeedNeed2.2. Problem DefinitionProblem Definition3.3. Design to Design to constraintsconstraints Now isNow is Time forTime for

ideasideas solutionssolutions

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The Engineering Design ProcessThe Engineering Design Process

Remember…Remember…

……design has many solutionsdesign has many solutions……

Collect as many ides as possible Collect as many ides as possible without criticizing, evaluating, without criticizing, evaluating,

limiting new ideas.limiting new ideas.

Quantity is of essenceQuantity is of essence

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Solutions/Implementation/EvaluationSolutions/Implementation/Evaluation

After all ideas have been collected , its After all ideas have been collected , its time to evaluate and select the time to evaluate and select the promising ones. promising ones. Then:Then:

fail passfail pass

Design

Test

Develop

To MFG Specs

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Ref.Ref.

Images: Google ImagesImages: Google Images