11

E-Services by e-E-Services by e-Government/e-Government/e-Municipality in JapanMunicipality in Japan

Toshio ObiToshio Obi

Professor & Director, Institute Professor & Director, Institute of e-Government, Waseda of e-Government, Waseda UniversityUniversity

Dr.Naoko IwasakiDr.Naoko Iwasaki

Japan Nov.16, 2007Japan Nov.16, 2007

22

IT New Reform StrategyYear 2006-2010IT New Reform StrategyYear 2006-2010

Post Post 「「 e-Japan Strategye-Japan Strategy 」 」 2001-20052001-2005

Realization of Realization of Ubiquitous NetworkUbiquitous Network Society Society

(Anytime Anywhere Anything)(Anytime Anywhere Anything)

ReformReform

Deregulation &Barrier Free

Deregulation &Barrier Free ICTICT

Network InfrastructureNetwork Infrastructure Investment for technology & Young people

Growth by Structural Reform

Growth by Structural Reform

User orientedUser oriented

International Competitiveness

International Competitiveness

International Contribution

International Contribution

33

IT New Reform StrategyIT New Reform Strategy

Agenda for Structural Reform by ICTAgenda for Structural Reform by ICT- World No.1 Usage of e-Gov ActivitiesWorld No.1 Usage of e-Gov Activities- Disaster Reduction by Disaster Disaster Reduction by Disaster

Information via Digital Broadcasting/ Information via Digital Broadcasting/ CommunicationCommunication

- Establishment of ICT InfrastructureEstablishment of ICT Infrastructure- Human ReHuman Re ｓｓ ourour ｃｃ e Development for e Development for

CIOCIO- Japan as World Class ContributorJapan as World Class Contributor

44

Present Present

It is necessary to mail or go to the administrative offices to submit documents for applications and registrations for administrative services.

When moving house

When building a house

When a baby is born

When applying for various benefits

When using public facilities

＜ For every day life ＞

When bidding for government procurement

When applying for permission to open businesses

When submitting various applications

When applying for certificates

When declaring taxes

＜ For business ＞○Administrative services ○Payment of

taxes and such

When paying taxes

When paying handling fees

When paying social insurance

When searching for statistical data

To read white papers

When carrying out research on laws and systems

To find where the ministries are located

To obtain government-announced documents

○Administrative Information

From home From home

At work At work

From local government

facilities

From local government

facilities

　　　　 InternetInternet 　　　　 InternetInternet

An all around information desk systemAn all around information desk system Private authentication station

Authentication station for commercial registrations

Base for government authentication

Each ministry

Governmental Agencies

Special agencies Regional branch

offices

Organizations of various facilities

Each ministry

Bank of Japan

Financial institutions Post office

Prefectural governments

Prefectural governments

Prefectural governments

Towns and villages

Towns and villages

Towns and villages

Official ID authentication service

Base for organization authentication

e-Government and Local e-Governmente-Government and Local e-Government e-Government and Local e-Governmente-Government and Local e-Government

Kasumigaseki WANKasumigaseki WAN

Network that connects regional organizations

Network that connects government administration offices

Can check whether the e-documents submitted by citizens are authentic

Can check whether the e-document submitted by regional organizations are authentic

Base for on-line settlements Networks for

each ministry

Checks whether the e-document submitted by individuals or enterprises are authentic

Can check whether the corporate e-document records submitted by organizations are authentic

Can check whether the e-documents submitted by the government’s administrative offices are authentic

An all around administrative information system that links services immediately

Can carry out administrative services through the Internet 24 hours a day

Configuration of e-Government and Local e-Government (A Concept)Configuration of e-Government and Local e-Government (A Concept)

Local Government Wide Area Network Local Government Wide Area Network (LGWAN)(LGWAN)

A network system for the basic A network system for the basic resident registrarresident registrar

１

55

Inter-Ministerial Task force of Information Systems Procurement

Inter-Ministerial Meeting of Government Information Systems

Ministerial CIO Council

Other Inter-Ministerial

Meeting

Structure of CIO for Promotion of e-Government

Ministerial Committee of Directors in charge of e-Government

Council of Representatives from the Government, Prefectures, and Municipalities

Established in September 2002Chair: Assistant Chief Cabinet SecretaryVice-Chair: Director-general of Administrative management Bureau, MIC,Member: CIO of all ministries

66

Preparation of Common Preparation of Common Key Infrastructures, Key Infrastructures, Assurance of network Assurance of network security, Preparation of security, Preparation of rules on intellectual rules on intellectual property rights and property rights and appropriate applicationappropriate application

Preparation of Common Preparation of Common Key Infrastructures, Key Infrastructures, Assurance of network Assurance of network security, Preparation of security, Preparation of rules on intellectual rules on intellectual property rights and property rights and appropriate applicationappropriate application

Support for Developing Support for Developing National Strategies / National Strategies / Policies and Schemes / Policies and Schemes / Support for Developing Support for Developing Economies.Economies.

Support for Developing Support for Developing National Strategies / National Strategies / Policies and Schemes / Policies and Schemes / Support for Developing Support for Developing Economies.Economies.

Support and cooperation Support and cooperation for diffusion of IPv6 / for diffusion of IPv6 / Promotion of Use of Promotion of Use of Broadband Platforms (e-Broadband Platforms (e-government, e-learning government, e-learning etc.)etc.)

Support and cooperation Support and cooperation for diffusion of IPv6 / for diffusion of IPv6 / Promotion of Use of Promotion of Use of Broadband Platforms (e-Broadband Platforms (e-government, e-learning government, e-learning etc.)etc.)

Promotion of Digital Content Distribution Development of multiple-language translation technologies / Promotion of digital archives

Promotion of Digital Content Distribution Development of multiple-language translation technologies / Promotion of digital archives

Common Key Foundation for e-Common Key Foundation for e-governancegovernance

77

Issues on e-GOV for GCIOIssues on e-GOV for GCIO

1010 Critical Factors to upgrade e-Critical Factors to upgrade e-GovGov

Leadershipe-GovernanceHuman

Resource Development

National /Global Network

Technology

Content / Application

Solution ・ System

Core Competence

Security

e-Democracy

88

LGWAN is a dedicated network linking local governments together to enable safe, secure email and document exchange and information sharing, as well as joint usage of a wide range of administrative systems. The connection was completed in 2003.

LGWAN is a dedicated network linking local governments together to enable safe, secure email and document exchange and information sharing, as well as joint usage of a wide range of administrative systems. The connection was completed in 2003.

Ministries etc.

都道府県 都道府県

Prefecture

庁内ＬＡＮInternal LANInternal LAN

Municipality

Interconnection between national and local governments

(shared usage of rapid document exchange

and administrative systems)

Prefecture PrefectureMunicipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality Municipality

Local Government Wide-Area Network Local Government Wide-Area Network (LGWAN)(LGWAN)

Municipality

Local Government Wide-Area Network

・　 Prefectures and designated major cities : start operation since October 2001・　 The rest of municipalities : All municipalities were connected by FY2003・　 Access to the Kasumigaseki WAN: Email by April 2002, Document exchange by July 2002

National Government

99

Residents Register NetworkResidents Register Network

OverviewOverviewOverviewOverview

The Residents Register Network serves as a nationwide personal identification system shared by all local government bodies. The Network links up details of the residents register, which is used for authentication of residential status in a range of administrative procedures and processes. Information stored on the Network includes, name, address, date of birth and gender, as well as the residents register code.

System System utilizationutilizationSystem System

utilizationutilization

Personal identity information provided to government organizations →eliminates the need for copies of the residents register and/or notifications of current status

• Residents register → Used when transferring from one municipality to

another → Additional features can be stipulated in regulations → Can be used as personal identification documents

• Copies of residents register can be obtained from any municipality

→ Residents can obtain copies of the residents register from municipal offices anywhere in Japan.

・ Notification of moving house → A single trip to the municipal offices is sufficient for

all transfer of details procedures.

From August 5, 2002 From August 25, 2003

Used to provide official identity authentication services (see below) (from January 2004)

• Identity authentication can be used in place of photocopies of the residents register for on-line procedures such as applications and notifications.

Represents the basic foundation of e-

government under the e-Japan Priority Policy

Program

1010

Local Government Identity Authentication ServiceLocal Government Identity Authentication Service

Existing residents register systems

National and local govt organizations

Private-sector authentication services

Signature verification

Application for electronic certificate (four types of

information + public key)

…

Electronic applications

Application (plain text) ＋

Electronic signature

(application “signed” with resident’s private

key)

＋Electronic certificate

(applicant’s public key)

Used to confirm identity of resident

Internet

都道府県知事　　　（証明書発行・失効情報

管理機関）

市町村長　　　　（本人確認機関）

都道府県単位認証局

失効リスト

総合行政ネットワーク

指定認証機関への委任が可能

Communication Server (CS)

Residents Register Network

Residents

都道府県知事　　　（証明書発行・失効情報

管理機関）

市町村長　　　　（本人確認機関）

都道府県単位認証局

失効リスト

市町村窓口

総合行政ネットワーク

指定認証機関への委任が可能

都道府県知事　　　（証明書発行・失効情報

管理機関）

市町村長　　　　（本人確認機関）

都道府県単位認証局

失効リスト

市町村窓口

総合行政ネットワーク

指定認証機関への委任が可能

都道府県知事　　　（証明書発行・失効情報

管理機関）

市町村長　　　　（本人確認機関）

都道府県単位認証局

失効リスト

市町村窓口

総合行政ネットワーク

指定認証機関への委任が可能

Electronic certificates

都道府県知事　　　（証明書発行・失効情報

管理機関）

市町村長　　　　（本人確認機関）

失効リスト

市町村窓口

総合行政ネットワーク

指定認証機関への委任が可能

Prefectural governor (responsible for issuing certificates and ass

essing validity)

Municipal mayor (responsible for ID

confirmation)

Inva

lid li

st

Municipal offices

LGWAN

National server/prefectural servers

Identity information

Change of details (such as moving house) information

Four types of information provided to computers connected to the identity authentication service

LGWAN

Assess validity of electronic certificates (cross-check against invalid list)

Private key for Residents Register Card; records of electronic certificates

○○市

2013 年 8 月 31 日まで有効

生年月日氏　　名

住　　所

昭和 ○○ 年 ○ 月 ○○ 日

性別 女住基　花子

○○県○○市 ○○町○丁目○番○号

写真20 mm

× 16 mm

住民基本台帳カード

Outsourced to designated certification bureau: LASCOM (Local Authorities Satellite Communications)

Prefectural certification bureau

1111

PublicPublic(User)(User)

Image of “One-Stop Services”Image of “One-Stop Services”

Apply for ○○

Apply for △△

Apply for XX

Ministry A’s system for accepting applications

Ministry B’s system for accepting applications

Ministry C’s system for accepting applications

Accept applications Accept applications at “at “e-e-GovGov””

in a unified wayin a unified way

CurrentlyCurrently In the futureIn the future

PublicPublic(User)(User)

Apply for ○○

Apply for ××

Apply for △△

Ministry A

Ministry B

Ministry C

Proce

ss ○○

Process △△

Process XX

Accept Accept applications applications separatelyseparately

Server at theServer at the““e-Gov” Portale-Gov” Portal

1212

1. Guidelines for Optimization of work processes and info

systems …formulated in August 2003

ICT-driven reforms in government ICT-driven reforms in government work process work process

2. Formulation of “Optimization Programs” 　 a) Common work processes and info systems [21 fields] e.g. - Personnel and salaries (by end of February 2004) 　　　 - Procurement, subsidies, etc. (during 2004)　　 - Imports/exports, etc. (before end of FY2005) b) Specific (=not common) work processes and info systems [51 fields] 　　　 - including 36 “legacy systems” throughout government before the end of FY2005 　　　　　　

3. Appointment of Assistant CIO in each ministry & agency - To assist formulation of Optimization Programs by Dec 2003

- In principal, they should be outside experts

1313

Comparative CIO core competences Comparative CIO core competences among among US and US and JapanJapan

USUS JapanJapan

11 Information Strategy Information Strategy PlanningPlanning

Information Strategy / Information Strategy / PlanningPlanning

22 Policy and OrganizationPolicy and Organization Information SecurityInformation Security

33 Information SecurityInformation Security Leadership / ManagementLeadership / Management

44 Process / change MGTProcess / change MGT Project ManagementProject Management

55 Project managementProject management Investment PlanningInvestment Planning

66 Evaluation model / MethodEvaluation model / Method PredictionPrediction

77 Leadership / ManagementLeadership / Management Process / Change Process / Change ManagementManagement

88 Technology and userTechnology and user Policy and OrganizationPolicy and Organization

99 PredictionPrediction Evaluation Model / MethodEvaluation Model / Method

1010 EAEA EAEA

11

11E-Government / e-commerceE-Government / e-commerce E-Governance / e-CommerceE-Governance / e-Commerce

1212 E-ProcurementE-Procurement Technology and userTechnology and userSource: "Survey on CIO Core Competences for ICT Value-added” （ Obi / Iwasaki 2006）

1414

Cooperation with SPB and Waseda Cooperation with SPB and Waseda UniversityUniversity to Establish to Establish Global Education NetworkGlobal Education Network

CIO program for global HRD planCIO program for global HRD plan Need of developing CIO activities Need of developing CIO activities

in e- government in e- government Creating a model of CIO with Creating a model of CIO with

world class standardworld class standard Collaboration among Collaboration among

government, business and government, business and academia to establish the post-academia to establish the post-graduate level curriculum for CIO graduate level curriculum for CIO trainingtraining