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E Pluribus UnumAnnual Survey Of Black, White, And Latino Americans in The American South
October 2020
Figure 2Methodology
GBAO conducted a survey of 1,800 white, Black, and Latino adults in the South on landlines, cellphones and an online panel from October 7-12, 2020. Latino respondents were given the option of taking the survey in English or Spanish. The margin of error for each racial group is +/- 4 percentage points at the 95 percent confidence level.
• 600 white adults• 600 Black adults• 600 Latino adults
Summary Findings
Figure 4The Racial Divide And 2020
On the eve of the 2020 election, the racial divide in the American South is very clear and serves as a stark reminder of the challenge facing our country. This survey shows that from policy priorities to views on police reform and systemic racism, Black, white, and Latino Southerners hold very different perspectives that shape the challenges facing the U.S. as we complete a divisive and contentious presidential election.
This challenge is not new. But E Pluribus Unum’s ongoing research and work throughout the South have shown that common interests and compassion do exist across race. This latest data offer signs of hope, while also underscoring the hard work that needs to continue as America enters a new chapter.
Figure 5Key Findings – Attitudinal And Political Divisions Continue
§ There continues to be major divides by race on a range of issues and perspectives, including attitudes on vaccine usage, how to address the pandemic, causes of poverty, equality of opportunity, access to healthcare, systemic racism, the country’s priorities, and race relations.
§ Some attitudes that seemed to be changing among white Southerners after the George Floyd murder have reverted to previous views.
§ While some white Southerners’ attitudes shift back to the pre-Floyd baseline, Black Southerners express increased concerns over race relations and national priorities.
§ There are very large racial divisions along political measures such as motivation to vote and presidential vote choice.
§ White Southerners are most motivated to vote, and strongly support Trump.§ Black Southerners overwhelmingly support Biden, and are slightly less motivated than white
Southerners.§ Latino Southerners support Biden in levels comparable to the support of white Southerners for
Trump, and are the least motivated.
Figure 6Key Findings – Massive Differences Over Police Reform
§ While Black respondents strongly support numerous police reforms, the support of white respondents is much weaker, particularly on changes that address use of force and the role of police in a community. Latino respondents are more supportive of reforms than white respondents, but not as supportive as Black respondents.
§ There is broad support across race for requiring officers to step in when other officers are using excessive force, as well as requiring reporting of all instances of deadly force used against civilians.
§ White respondents are concerned that lawmakers will go too far with police reform, and Black and Latino respondents are concerned that lawmakers will not go far enough.
§ Black and Latino respondents are much more likely than white respondents to attribute the deaths of Black men and women in police custody to a racist police system, whereas white respondents are more likely to say these deaths are the result of the behavior of the individuals in custody.
Figure 7Key Findings – Party ID Provides Common Ground Across Race
§ The stark racial differences on attitudes toward racism, policing, and other issues get blurred when taking into account partisanship.
§ Democrats across race share common views, and the same holds true for Republicans across race. That is, Black Democrats have similar attitudes as white and Latino Democrats, and white Republicans have similar attitudes as Latino Republicans.
§ Educational attainment is another demographic where the racial divide narrows, but not nearly as much as party identification.
§ Latina and white women, as well as younger Latino and white people, are more likely than men and older counterparts to cite white people as having economic advantages.
Figure 8Key Findings – Hopeful Signs And Indicators
§ Despite the many divisions and clear challenges to bridge racial differences, the survey reveals some hopeful trends to build upon.
§ While Latino respondents often hold views on race that fall in between the wide gap between Black and white respondents, this latest research suggests some movement on attitudes related to systemic racism in the aftermath of the pandemic and racial justice protests.
§ Over the past year, Latino respondents have moved significantly on the question of whether systemic racism is a problem.
§ In October 2019, 30 percent of Latino respondents said they were not familiar with systemic racism. This has fallen to 19 percent who now say they are not familiar, and a majority of Latino respondents (54 percent) now believe system racism is a major problem.
§ There has been notable movement across all three groups on how U.S. leaders should approach the pandemic recovery and racial inequities.
§ White respondents are the only group that believes we should just take steps to restore systems as quickly as possible, instead of making big changes to address historical racial inequities in healthcare, education, and the economy, but their resistance reduced by a net of 10 points since June.
§ Black and Latino respondents both substantially increased their support for big changes (Black respondents by a net of 15 points; Latino respondents by a net of 14 points).
The 2020 Vote
Figure 10White Adults Are Slightly More Motivated To Vote Than Black Adults; Latino Adults Less Motivated
82 7887
711 311 11
8
Black Latino White
Please rate your level of motivation for voting in this year’s upcoming election for President, U.S. Congress, and other offices on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means you are not at all motivated to vote this year and 10 means you are extremely motivated to vote this year.
Motivation
5 to 78 to 10 0 to 4
9.1 Mean 8.6 Mean 9.3 Mean
Figure 11Black Southerners And Latino Southerners Are Slightly More Likely To Vote Early
2621 19
38 3934
30 3138
Black Latino White
Vote Method Vote in personbefore Election Day
Vote by mail Vote in person on Election Day
Figure 12Partisanship Is More Central Than Race To Voting Early
63 6472
48 51
69
56
4435
15
2533
40
20
34
49
Black Dems Black Inds Latino Dems Latino Inds Latino Reps White Dems White Inds White Reps
Vote Method Vote by mail/Vote early in person
Vote in person on Election Day
Figure 13Biden Increasing His Black Vote, Trump Increasing His White Vote
7681
8 6
Jun-20 Oct-20
57 58
2732
Jun-20 Oct-20
Black Latino White
32 30
59 62
Jun-20 Oct-20
Donald TrumpJoe Biden
Figure 14Biden Slips With White Men And Older Whites
Presidential Vote
October 2020 June 2020 October 2020
Trump Biden Net Difference Net Difference
White Men 69 25 -31 -44
White Women 56 35 -23 -21
White College 54 37 -13 -17
White Non-College 66 28 -31 -38
White Under 50 57 34 -28 -23
White 50+ 67 26 -26 -41
Figure 15Biden Gains With Black Men, Non-College Educated Black respondents, and College Educated Latino respondents
Presidential VoteOctober 2020 June 2020 October 2020
Trump Biden Net Difference Net DifferenceBlack Men 7 78 +60 +72
Black Women 5 84 +75 +79Black College 9 83 +74 +74
Black Non-College 5 81 +67 +76Black Under 50 7 79 +64 +72
Black 50+ 4 85 +75 +81Latino Men 33 53 +19 +21
Latino Women 31 62 +42 +31Latino College 28 65 +26 +37
Latino Non-College 32 57 +31 +24Latino Under 50 31 57 +32 +26
Latino 50+ 34 59 +27 +25
Figure 16Trump Supporters Voting FOR Trump; Biden Voters Are A Mix Of FOR Biden And AGAINST Trump
Why Voting Biden
72
5546
27
40
52
Black Latino White
Why Voting Trump
80 78 79
1521
17
Black Latino White
Against TrumpFor Biden Against BidenFor Trump
Figure 17Differences On Issue Priorities Reflect Racial Divide
44
26
49
27
96 7 7 7 6 5
34 32
19
27
16 17
710 10 10 11
26
44
13
22 23
9
15 1411 10
6
Coronaviruspandemic
Theeconomy
Racialjustice
Health care Law andorder
Immigration SupremeCourt
NationalSecurity
Taxes Guns ClimateChange
Now, I am going to read you a list of issues facing the country. Which TWO of these issues are most important in determining your vote in the Presidential election?
Latino WhiteBlack
Issue Priorities
Figure 18Education Does Not Impact Issue Priorities
Issue Priorities
Black College
Black Non-Coll
Latino College
Latino Non-Coll
White College
White Non-Coll
The coronavirus pandemic 43 45 42 31 27 25
The economy 33 25 32 33 41 46Racial justice 52 48 23 18 17 11
Healthcare 28 25 27 27 21 22
Law and order 6 9 12 16 19 25
Immigration 3 7 12 18 7 10
National Security 10 7 9 11 14 14
The Supreme Court 9 7 8 7 21 12
Taxes 7 7 14 9 14 10
Guns 2 8 5 10 4 13
Climate Change 6 5 13 11 7 6
Now, I am going to read you a list of issues facing the country. Which TWO of these issues are most important in determining your vote in the Presidential election?
Figure 19Republicans Regardless Of Race Are Much More Concerned About TheEconomy And Law And Order, No Concern About Racial Justice
Issue Priorities
Black Dems Latino Dems Latino Reps White Dems White Reps
The coronavirus pandemic 46 42 19 48 16
The economy 27 21 46 29 54Racial justice 52 29 6 28 4
Healthcare 25 34 18 36 17
Law and order 8 7 31 4 32Immigration 7 22 13 9 11
National Security 7 4 24 8 16
The Supreme Court 5 8 7 9 18
Taxes 6 6 13 4 14
Guns 6 7 14 3 12
Climate Change 4 17 3 18 2
Now, I am going to read you a list of issues facing the country. Which TWO of these issues are most important in determining your vote in the Presidential election?
Figure 20General Confidence In Fair Election, But Black Southerner Concerned Over Access
Election Integrity Total confidentVery confident Total not confident
64
71
76
71
69
67
29
41
41
33
29
30
35
28
22
29
30
32
All citizens will have safe and equal access to voting.
The election will be conducted fairly and the results will reflect the will of the people.
Black
Latino
White
Black
Latino
White
Figure 21Qualifying Language On Lengthy Vote Count Increases Confidence In Accuracy
Election Integrity Total confidentVery confident Total not confident
73
67
64
67
61
58
30
32
31
31
30
26
27
31
34
33
38
42
While vote counting will take longer this year, all votes cast will be counted accurately.
All votes cast will be counted accurately.
Black
Latino
White
Black
Latino
White
Economics
Figure 23Large Divides Remain On Causes Of Economic Circumstances,But Increased Views On Lack Of Opportunity Holds Among White And Latino Southerners
Economic Situation Causes
Poor life choicesLack of opportunity
76
55
42
16
3544
Black Latino White
Do you think people living in poverty or living with very bad economic situations made poor life choices that led to their situation or is there a lack of opportunity in their community?
7060
51
2031 30
Black Latino White
October 2019 June 2020
78
6051
14
3140
Black Latino White
October 2020
Figure 24Women, Non-College Educated, Younger Drive Changes On Economic Causes Among White Southerners
Economic Situation Causes
Lack of Opportunity –Poor Life Choices October 2019 June 2020 October 2020
Net ShiftOctober 2019 to
October 2020
White Men -12 +15 -11 +1
White Women +8 +29 +30 +22
White College +7 +26 +14 +7
White Non-College -6 +20 +8 +14
White Under 50 -6 +31 +13 +19
White 50+ +1 +13 +8 +7
Do you think people living in poverty or living with very bad economic situations made poor life choices that led to their situation or is there a lack of opportunity in their community?
Figure 25Black Men, Latino College Students, Younger Latino Adults Shift Most Toward Lack Of Opportunity
Economic Situation Causes
Lack of Opportunity –Poor Life Choices Oct 2019 June 2020 Oct 2020
Net ShiftOctober 2019 –October 2020
Black Men +53 +45 +73 +20Black Women +66 +57 +56 -10Black College +67 +63 +68 +1
Black Non-College +58 +47 +63 +5Black Under 50 +57 +54 +60 +3
Black 50+ +63 +44 +68 +5Latino Men +3 +14 +12 +9
Latino Women +38 +43 +48 +10Latino College +19 +23 +40 +21
Latino Non-College +21 +29 +27 +6Latino Under 50 +16 +29 +29 +13
Latino 50+ +29 +27 +31 +2
Do you think people living in poverty or living with very bad economic situations made poor life choices that led to their situation or is there a lack of opportunity in their community?
Coronavirus
Figure 27Large Differences On Pace Of Re-Opening
Re-Opening
53
11
30
Black Latino White
40
17
4029
26
42
Thinking about re-opening during the coronavirus, do you think your city or county is opening up too fast, not opening up fast enough, or is opening up at the right pace?
Not Fast EnoughToo Fast Right Pace
Figure 28Party ID Drives Views On Re-Opening
Re-Opening
62
37
68
28
13
55
33
208 17 927
34
8 17
3426
35
20
38
51
35
4843
Black Dems Black Inds White Dems White Inds White Reps Latino Dems Latino Inds Latino Reps
Thinking about re-opening during the coronavirus, do you think your city or county is opening up too fast, not opening up fast enough, or is opening up at the right pace?
Not Fast EnoughToo Fast Right Pace
Figure 29Black People Don’t Plan On Getting COVID Vaccine, White People Do, Latino People Mixed
Black
434551
34
Latino White
27
58
As you may know, scientists and drug manufacturers are working on the development of a COVID vaccine. Do you plan to get a COVID vaccine when it becomes available?
NoYes
Figure 30Vaccine Concerns Are Connected To This Particular Vaccine
Black Latino White
36
54
36
58
4348
(IF NOT PLANNING TO GET VACCINE) Do you plan NOT to get a COVID vaccine because you don’t trust vaccines in general or because you don’t trust the development of this particular vaccine?
Don’t trust this particular vaccineDon’t trust in general
Figure 31Non-College Educated White People Are Generally More Vaccine Skeptical, But Others More Concerned About This Particular Vaccine
Vaccine Concerns
2937
24
3928
47
63
51
69
5560
44
Black college Black non-college
Latino college Latino non-college
White college White non-college
(IF NOT PLANNING TO GET VACCINE) Do you plan NOT to get a COVID vaccine because you don’t trust vaccines in general or because you don’t trust the development of this particular vaccine?
Don’t trust this particular vaccineDon’t trust in general
Figure 32White & Latino Republicans Are More Vaccine Skeptical Than Just Opposed To The COVID Vaccine
Vaccine Concerns
29
56
34
22
50
28
45 46
59
35
6369
43
69
51
40
Black Dems Black Inds Latino Dems Latino Inds Latino Reps White Dems White Inds White Reps
(IF NOT PLANNING TO GET VACCINE) Do you plan NOT to get a COVID vaccine because you don’t trust vaccines in general or because you don’t trust the development of this particular vaccine?
Don’t trust this particular vaccineDon’t trust in general
Race, Economics & Health Care
Figure 34Black And Latino Southerners Think Too Little Attention Is Paid To Racial Issues;White Southerners Think There is Too Much Attention
Attention To Race
19
39
50
66
4031
1116 15
Black Latino White
Now, I am going to ask you some questions about race and racial relations in the United States. First, do you think there is too much, too little, or the right amount of attention paid to race and racial issues in the United States today?
October 2019
12
32
47
69
45
28
15 19 18
Black Latino White
October 2020
Too little Right amountToo much
Figure 35Large Shift Among Black Southernerers Regarding Direction Of Race Relations
Race Relations 5 Years Ago
13 14 18
35 31 33
51 5447
Black Latino White
(SPLIT) Do you think racial relations in the United States today are better, worse, or about the same as 5 years ago?
October 2019
9 101718
30 30
72
5749
Black Latino White
October 2020
About the same WorseBetter
Figure 36Across Race, People Are Less Positive About Progress Over Past 50 Years
Race Relations 50 Years Ago
30
43
58
2418 17
4337
25
Black Latino White
(SPLIT) Do you think racial relations in the United States are better, worse, or about the same as 50 years ago?
October 2019
2328
48
34 38
25
3932
23
Black Latino White
October 2020
About the same WorseBetter
Figure 37White And Latino Respondents Revert To Their 2019 Views On Inequal Economic Opportunity
White Econ Opportunities
NoYes
90
64
44
10
35
54
Black Latino White
Do you think white people in the United States have more economic opportunities than African Americans and Hispanics?
October 2019
81
67
46
13
29
46
Black Latino White
June 2020
87
61
42
10
35
52
Black Latino White
October 2020
Figure 38College Educated Latino And White Respondents Cite Inequal Economic Opportunity More Than Non-College Educated People
White Econ Opportunities
NoYes
89 87
75
59 55
37
710
24
37 39
57
Black college Black non-college
Latino college Latino non-college
White college White non-college
Do you think white people in the United States have more economic opportunities than African Americans and Hispanics?
October 2020
Figure 39Latina And White Women Cite Inequal Economic Opportunity More Than Men
White Econ Opportunities
88 86
5766
3946
9 11
3831
58
45
Black men Black women Latino men Latino women White men White women
Do you think white people in the United States have more economic opportunities than African Americans and Hispanics?
NoYesOctober 2020
Figure 40Older White And Latino Southerners Least Likely To Cite Inequal Economic Opportunity
White Econ Opportunities
8590
67
48 51
33
11 8
30
45 44
59
Black under 50 Black 50+ Latino under 50 Latino 50+ White under 50 White 50+
Do you think white people in the United States have more economic opportunities than African Americans and Hispanics?
NoYesOctober 2020
Figure 41Rural White And Latino Southerners Drive Differences On White Privilege Issue
White Econ Opportunities
Black Latino White
Urban Suburban Rural Urban Suburban Rural Urban Suburban Rural
Yes 94 92 93 68 58 48 54 45 37
No 3 7 7 30 40 47 44 53 61
Do you think white people in the United States have more economic opportunities than African Americans and Hispanics?
Figure 42Massive Partisan Divide Among White/Latino Respondents On White Southerners’ Economic Opportunity
White Econ Opportunities
Black Latino White
Dems Inds Dems Inds Reps Dems Inds Reps
Yes 91 78 79 69 23 79 46 24
No 6 17 18 27 74 12 42 73
Do you think white people in the United States have more economic opportunities than African Americans and Hispanics?
Figure 43Major Racial Divide On Perceptions On Access To Healthcare
Healthcare Access
79
61
42
15
35
48
Black Latino White
Do you think white people in the United States have better access to healthcare than African Americans and Hispanics?
June 202079
54
36
17
40
58
Black Latino White
October 2020
NoYes
Figure 44Big Partisan Divide Among White And Latino Southerners On Access To Healthcare
Healthcare Access
Black Latino White
Dems Inds Dems Inds Reps Dems Inds Reps
Yes 85 69 77 49 20 74 40 18
No 12 24 19 41 77 15 53 78
Do you think white people in the United States have better access to healthcare than African Americans and Hispanics?
Figure 45Major Differences On Systemic Racism
72
54
41
14
19
17
8
22
36
Black
Latino
White
Please tell me which ONE best describes your opinion - I believe systemic or institutional racism is a major problem impacting our country today, I do NOT believe systemic or institutional racism is a major problem impacting our country today, or I am not really familiar with the term "systemic or institutional racism"
Systemic Racism
Not familiar with the term systemic racism
System racism is a major problem Systemic racism is not a major problem
Figure 46Education Gap On Views Of Systemic Racism
Systemic Racism
86
68 67
52 52
36
5 17 823
622
6 823 21
37 36
Black college Black non-college
Latino college Latino non-college
White college White non-college
Please tell me which ONE best describes your opinion - I believe systemic or institutional racism is a major problem impacting our country today, I do NOT believe systemic or institutional racism is a major problem impacting our country today, or I am not really familiar with the term "systemic or institutional racism"
Not familiar with the term systemic racism
System racism is a major problem
Systemic racism is not a major problem
Figure 47
5344
26
55
45
2937
46
57
2433
50
Black Latino White Black Latino White
Some Movement Toward Making Big Changes With Recovery,But Large Racial Gaps Remain
Thinking about how the United States recovers from the pandemic and gets back to normal, do you think the next President and Congress should focus on making big changes that address historical racial inequities in health care, education, and the economy OR do you think they
should just take steps to restore to the way they were before the pandemic as quickly as possible?
Make big changes that address historical racial inequities in healthcare, education, and the economy.
Just take steps to restore our health care, education, and economic systems as quickly as possible.
June 2020 October 2020
Figure 48
51
61
49
36 36
2327
18
3137
4754
Black under 50 Black 50+ Latino under 50 Latino 50+ White under 50 White 50+
A Substantial Racial Divide Between Younger Black & Latino Southerners & Younger White Southerners; Also, A Massive Gulf Between Older Black, White, & Latino Southerners
Thinking about how the United States recovers from the pandemic and gets back to normal, do you think the next President and Congress should focus on making big changes that address historical racial inequities in health care, education, and the economy OR do you think they
should just take steps to restore to the way they were before the pandemic as quickly as possible?
Make big changes that address historical racial inequities in healthcare, education, and the economy.
Just take steps to restore our health care, education, and economic systems as quickly as possible.
October 2020
Police Reform
Figure 50Big Differences On Who Is Responsible For Deaths Of Black People In Police Custody
8
24
39
26
23
19
42
31
17
Black
Latino
White
Do you think the deaths of Black men and women in police custody are the result of the behavior of those in custody, the result of bad police officers, or the result of a racist police system?
Custody Deaths
Individuals who are bad police officersBehavior of individuals in custody Racist police system
Figure 51Partisanship Drives Views Of Responsibility For Custody Deaths
Custody Deaths
7 6 14
26
41
13
30
54
2720 21
26 2318 18 21
4248
44
21 19
44
18 5
Black Dems Black Inds Latino Dems Latino Inds Latino Reps White Dems White Inds White Reps
Do you think the deaths of Black men and women in police custody are the result of the behavior of those in custody, the result of bad police officers, or the result of a racist police system?
Individuals who are bad police officersBehavior of individuals in custody Racist police system
Figure 52Broad Support On Reform Related To Deadly Force
Police Reform Proposals
90
88
87
87
90
86
88
90
80
75
74
73
67
72
70
64
69
56
Requiring police departments to report all instances of deadly force used against civilians
and create a reliable database of such incidents
Requiring other officers to step in when they see other officers using excessive force and holding
them responsible if they don't
Ending immunity for police officers and prosecuting them if they break the law
Strongly favor Total favor
Latino WhiteBlack
Figure 53Support Varies By Race For Bolder Reforms Like Re-imagining Policing
Police Reform Proposals
82
75
74
80
82
62
70
87
48
63
52
49
56
59
35
39
63
28
Reforming the police use of force standards, so that it limits and specifies the types of force that
can be used to respond to specific types of resistance
Increasing the funding and training hours for police officers across the country
Re-imagining policing, so police officers only deal with violent crime and robbery, while assigning
non-violent situations to mental health professionals and other expert
Strongly favor Total favor
Latino WhiteBlack
Figure 54White Respondents Worry That Reforms Will Go Too Far;While Black And Latino Respondents Worry Reforms Won’t Go Far Enough
Thinking about lawmakers’ response to the protests that have continued after the death of George Floyd, which of the following concerns you more? Lawmakers Concern
Lawmakers will go too far in addressing these issues and will take steps that end up weakening our ability to enforce law and order, and will make our communities less safe.
Lawmakers will not go far enough in addressing police brutality and bias against African Americans and other minorities throughout the criminal justice system.
65
48
34
17
31
48
Black
Latino
White
Appendix:Black Demographic Profile
Figure 57Profile: Very Democratic, Non-College Education, More Women Than Men, Mixed Ages
44 3414 7
HS or Less Vo-Tech/Some
Coll/Assoc
College GradSchool
Party
72
206
Democrat Independent Republican
Education
Gender Age
46 54
Men Women
26 19 17 24 15
18 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 64 65+
78% Non-College
Figure 58Profile:Suburban, Majority Homeowners, Middle/Lower-Middle Class
22
55
23
Urban Suburban Rural
Home Ownership
3954
Rent Own
Area Type
Martial Status Income
49
18 23
Below 50K 50K-75K 75K or more
32
65
Married Unmarried
KidsYes: 26/No: 73
Appendix:Latino Demographic Profile
Figure 60Profile:Democratic, Non-College Education, Even Gender Mix, Very Young
4730
14 6
HS or Less Vo-Tech/Some
Coll/Assoc
College GradSchool
Party
4725 26
Democrat Independent Republican
Education
Gender Age
50 49
Men Women
27 22 20 20 11
18 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 64 65+
78% Non-College
Figure 61Profile:Suburban/Urban Mix, Majority Homeowners, Majority Lower Income
44 4016
Urban Suburban Rural
Home Ownership
33
62
Rent Own
Area Type
Martial Status Income
45 53
Yes No
46
1827
Below 50K 50K-75K 75K or more
KidsYes: 38/No: 62
Appendix:White Demographic Profile
Figure 63Profile:Republican, Mostly Non-College Education, Even Gender Mix, Older
37 3220 11
HS or Less Vo-Tech/Some
Coll/Assoc
College GradSchool
Party
24 20
55
Democrat Independent Republican
Education
Gender Age
49 51
Men Women
19 16 16 25 23
18 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 64 65+
68% Non-College
Figure 64Profile:Heavily Rural/Suburban, High Homeownership, Middle Class
15
41 44
Urban Suburban Rural
Home Ownership
22
74
Rent Own
Area Type
Martial Status Income
54 46
Married Unmarried
41
1632
Below 50K 50K to 75K 75K or more
KidsYes: 27/No: 72