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ISSN 1858-1633Oreanizins Committee ChairmanWahf'u Suadi, M.KomInformatics Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Sepuluh NopemberInstitute of Technology (ITS, Indonesia)
Publication ChairmanAhmad Hoirul Basori , S.Kom (ITS, Indonesia)
Secretariat and RegistrationSarwosri, S.Kom.M.T
Website, and PublicationAry Mazharuddin Shiddiqi, S.Kom
SponsorshipsDaniel Siahaan, M.Sc., P.D.Eng.
ProceedingMediana Aryuni, S.Kom. M.Kom
Accomodation and TourNunut P Jatmiko, S.Kom
Organizing CommiteeFajar Baskoro, M.T.Ir. Suhadi LiliVictor Hariadi, S.Si.Bilqis Amaliah, S.Kom.M.KomChastine Fatichah, S.KomDwi Sunaryono, S.KomTohari Ahmad, S.KomRoyyana Muslim,. S.Kom.M.KomDarlis Herumurti, S.KomNunut Jatmiko, S.KomArmy Yuniarti, S.KomIsye Arieshanti,S.Kom
Contact AddressInformatics D epartment, Faculty of Information Technolo gy,Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology SurabayaGedung Teknik Informatika ITS,Jl. Raya ITS Keputih Sukolilo Surabaya IndonesiaTel. + 62-31-5939214Fax. +62-31-5913804Homepage: http ://icts. if. its. ac. ide-mail: [email protected]
PREFACE
This proceeding contains sorted papers form Information and Communication
Technology Seirinar (ICTS) 2001. ICTS 2007 is the second annual international
event orginizea by Iniormaiics Department, Faculty of Information Technology, ITS
iuruUuyi Indonesia. This event is iorum for computer science, information and
communication technology community for discussing and exchanging the information
unJ tno*t"dge in their arias of interest. It aims to promote activities in research,
development-and application on computer science, information and communication
technology.
We would like to express our gratitude to all technical committee members who have
given their efforts to support this seminar. we also would like to express our sincere
latitude to our rponroirr Faculty of Engineering Kumamoto University Japan, IEEE
Section Indonesii, PHK-A3 and Computer Society for great support and contribution
to this event.
Finally, we also would like to thank to all of keynote speakers, the authors, the
participants and all parties for the success of ICTS 2007 '
Editorial Team
Proceedlng of the 3'dAnnual International ConferenceInformation and communication Technology Seminar
Volume 3, September 2007T}IE SERVICE.BASED SECURITY AND ITS ISSUES IN WLAN ENVIRONMENTSTOHARIAHMAD
PALLET PACKING OPTIMIzIA'I]ON IN A CONTAINER USING GENETIC ALGORITHMASTI Dwt lRFtANTt, TNTAN YLTNIAR ......................
sMAra'r"ulr:clttoNrc pAyM!jNl' Sys't.DM Wr'r'il sMS't.ECrtNoLocyIGN MANTITA
IRIS IMAGES COMPIIESSION USING JPEG AND JPEG2OOO METHODSWAWAN WARDIANA . EDt KURNIAWAN,,,,.,...,,...,
+niRi-?t tRA,NING AND EDU.ATI.N APPLI.AT''N uslNc NErwoRK oF wEB BA'ED
DIDI ROSIYADI, RtDODt ANANTAPRAMA, NURYANI
IMPLEMf,NTA'rtON OF ONE CtIANNEL. ONE I'YI.VgR5 WIT,, DECISION FUN''ION I.OIMPROVE EI'G SIGNAL CI,ASSTTICEiiOX P6ir BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACI,I]AGUS IIARYADI, SUPRIJANTO, FARIDA IDEALISllNA MUCHTADI
RECOVERY DATA SYSTEM FOR THE SMALL ROCKET FLIGHT TESTWAHYUDI, WAHYU WIDADA
IJSING POINTS TO SIMULATE A SINGLE FACIAL WRINKLENURAZLIN ZAINAL AZMI, RAHMITA WI*,A RAHMAT AND MMLAN MAHMOD
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF CLASSIFIER IN JOB VACANCY DOMAINDWI H' WIDYANTORO, MASAYU L. KHODRA, FEBRIAN A. ROSADI, LELY TRIASTITT, IBRAHIM4R|EF.....,....
A DIGITAL IMAGE PRO9J'_SqIC]PPROACH TO DETERMINE THE INFLAMMATIONLEvEL rN rHE rRrs (BASED ox inibciiciib- '"WAWAN WARDIANA, EDI KURNIAWAN, ABDULLAH SONHAJI, FARIDA MECALINI
RECOGNIZTNG HUMAN MOTION IN VIDEO CLIPMUHAMMAD DJAMALUDDIN, RULLY SOELATMA}.I
f -o.IlylREpRorEcrron]r-4lE_DONENCRYPTEDFUNCTToNAND CHAOTTC ENCRYPTIOTV SCHNTVTS-
HTAR HTAR LWIN ,.,,.......
A SPEAKER IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM USING VECTOR QUANTIZATIONMAT.JNG ZAW WtN AUNC ..........
VIEWCHABTS AS A NEW-APPROACH TO SOFTWARE ENGINEERING:EDUCATION AND TMINING
rssN l8s8-1633
t-7
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I8,r2
l3-t7
t8-24
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MOJTABA VATANI7 t-76
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AT IMPLEMENTATION MPLS (MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING)WITH PC ROUTE& CASE STUDY AT BACKBONE ITS
BEKTI CAHYO HIDAYANTO. MUCHAMMAD HUSNI
THE USE OF EEG SIGNAL CLASSIFICATTON TO INDENTIFY AND CHARACTERIZE VOWELPHONEME FOR SPEECH RECOGNITION DBVELOPMENT
IWAN PRASE-NIYO. ANDI RAHMADIANSYAH , SUPRUANTO,I,B, ARDHANA PUTRA
A FAST ENCRYTTION SCHEME BASED ON CHAOTIC MAPS
SU SU MAIJNG, MYITNT MYTNT SEIN ..............,.
.PUAK KATA'FOR CHECKING GRAMMAR IN BAHASA INDONESIA
BUDI IRMAWATI. A.SJAMSJIAR RACHMAN
NUMBERED MUSICAL NOTATION EDITOR
BENNY PINONTOAN. DEBBY PASERU. DAVE MOROKI
AN ONTOLOGY BASED APPROACH FOR SEARCHING NEICHBORHOOD BUILDING
UMI LAILI YUHANA, LI.LU CHEN, YUNG.JANE HSU. WAN-RONG JIH ,.........
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIJKSTRA ALGORITHM TO TRACK LOCATION IN A MALLWILLY YULIANTO, SOUz;A NURAFRIANTO WP. HARYA DAMAR W. JAMES PURNAMA ...,.,,..
soLvtNG QUADRATTC PROGRAMMING PROBLEM USTNG TNTERTOR-POrNT METHODCOMBINED WITH ADAPTIVE BARRIER FUNCTION
VICTOR HARIADI. RULLY SOELAIMAN
DETBRMINING SPC ALLOCATION WITH FUZZY MEMBERSHIP FUNCTION BASEDHISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION
KATHERIN INDRIAWATI. ROSALINA WITRIANTI
DYNAI\| lCAL GLASS TRANSITION: CRITICAL TEMPERATURE 7c AND MEMORY KERNELlN MD-SIMULATED Nlo.rZRor
A.B. MUTIARA
IMPROVING PERFORMANCE OF ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON CONTROLCHART WITH ADAPTIV E FV7.ZY MEMBERSHI P FUNCTION
KATHERIN INDRIAWATI, EARLY FEMIANA
FRAMEWORKS OF GRAPH DATASET TRANSFORMATION INTO CAIIONICAL FORM
FORD LUMBAN GAOL, BELAWATI H, WIDJAJA
BIOMETRICAL VERIFICATION SYSTEM BY MEASURINC GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERSON HAND IMAGESRULLY SOELAIMAN, ALFI ZAINUDDIN, MEDIANA ARYUNI, ACUS ZAINAL ARIFIN
PASSWORD SECURITY: AN APPROACH TO MITIGATE CYBER CRIMES
TOHARI AHMAD
E5-89
90-94
95-98
99- I 0s
106-l t2
I l3-r r6
n7.l2l
t22-t26
127-t35
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143-t 50
l5t-r55
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DESIGN OF A MULTIME.DIA LEARNTNG SOFI'WARE FOR FUNCTIONAL LITERACY
PUTU ASHINTYA WIDHIARTHA, YUNIEKAWATI, M SODTAWATI .,,........,.,..,, 168.172
ALCORITHM AI{D IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTING THE CROSSING NUMBER OFSOME FAMILIES OF GRAPHS
AUDY A KENAP, ST,, M.ENO WENNY PRAMANTO, ST DR, BENNY PINONTOAN, M.SC. ,........ I73.I8O
ARTIFICIAL LIFE AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK- A COMPARISON STUDY
FADNT FORKAN, SARINA SULAIMAN, FARHAN MOHAMMED I8I-I85
DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROAD SIGN FOR CAR DRIVING SAFETY
HNINN THIRI THEIN ,MYINT MYINT SEIN 186.189
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF RIDGE WAVEGUIDE LASER FOR RADIO OVER FIBER
cuNAwAN WTTJAKSONO, IRMA SARASWATT ....,,,..., t90-195
DISTINCT-BASED SUBPACE CREATION METHOD FOR SEMANTIC DOCUMENTRETRIEVALAMI UCHIYAMA , KOSUKE TAKANO , XING CHEN .. 196-203
AN IMAGE FEATURE SELECTINC AND WEIGHTING SCHEIVIE FOR MULTIPLE EXEMPLAR-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL
XING CTIEN.YASUSHI KIYOKI 204-209
FUTURE DIRECTION OF GRAPII MODELING MOLECULAR INTEIIACTION NSTWORKS
rORD LUMBAN GAOL BELAWATI H. WIDJAJA 2IO-2I5
MULTI AND INDEPENDENT BLOCK APPROACH IN PUBLIC CLUSTER
Z. AKbAR AND L,T. HANDOKO 216.218
FOURIER DOMAIN SCORING FOR RANKING METHOD IN SMALL DATA SET WITHPREPROCESSING USTNG ORACLE TEXT
DIANA PURWITASARI, NANIK SUCIATI. RULLY SOELAMAN, DIAN FARIDA 219-226
BIASED AND UNIIIASED PEIIIODOGITAM ESTIMATOR FOR NONSTATIONARY SIGNAL
DHANY ARIFIANTO 227.231
SOUND PATTERN DETERMTNATION OF ROTATING MACHINERY FAULTS USINGINSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY
YUNIAR RAHMADANA, WIRATNO ARGO ASMORO, DHANY ARIFIANTO 232-236
IDENTITY MANAGEMENT FOR SUPPORT SINGLE SIGN ON IN ELECTRONIC BUSINES
AHMAD NURUL FAJAR ,......... 237.240
CAUSALITY COMPUTATION DATABASE CREATION WITH A SEMANTIC ASSOCIATIVESEARCH METHOD APPLIED TO &MERCENT TNOUELEO IN A CIIEMTCAL PI/AT{T
SHIORI SASAKI, MASATO YOKOYAMA, YASUSHI KIYOKI 241-248
EVALUATING AN AGENT.ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING METHODOLOGIES
FAEZEH PARANDOOSH 249.258
HANDWRITTEN RECOCNITION SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC DATA ENTRY USING
PASSPORTS
MYA MYA THINN. MYINT MYINT SETN .....,...,,.
ON THE DYNAMICS OF AN AEROELASTIC OSCTLLATORWITH A DYNAMIC ABSORBER
H. LUMBANTOBINC .,,...,..,.
CoLLABORATIVE LEARNING MODELS FOR IMPROVING COURSE CONTENT QUALITY lN
EASTERN PART OF INDONESIA UNTVERSITIES
ACHMAD AFFANDI
FREEWAY CARD: A SMARD CARD APPLICATION FOR FREEWAY PAYMENT SYSTEM
DANIEL SIAHAAN, I CUSTI NGURAH
EXPLORI NG UPNP-BASED APPLICATIONS
DANIEL SIAHAAN
THE VALUE OF INFORMATION S}IARING IN A SUPPLY CHAIN: A SIMULATION STUDY
MAHENDRAWATHI ER
PERFOITMANCE MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING OF CABLE CABINE'I' INFORMATIONSYSTEM USINC K.MEANS CLUSTERING METIIOD
SARWOSRI. CITRALUSIA LATIFAiI ENDRA
DESIGN & M.{NUFACTURING THE PROTOTYPE /ffTEGRATED COLLECTION APPLICATION
r/C4 INFORMATION SYSTEM TO MEASURE PERFORMANCE OF TELE COLLECTIONAGENT AT TT INDOSAT,TBK.
sARwosRl, cITRA KUMALA .................
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR FLIGHT AND TRAIN SCHEDULE USING SMS AND
TELEVISTON BROADCASTINGAHMAD HOIRUL BASORI, FEYZUL ATHIR ..,..... . .
CINI'MA'I'ICKETING SERVICE USTNG ASP .NET MOTII LE WBD APPI,ICAI'IONAND ASP.NET WEB SERVICE
AHMAD HOIRUL BASORI, LUFIDIANI AFIFA ........,.
IMPLEMENTING SESSION INITIATION PROTOCOL IN VIDEO CONFERENCINC
ROYYANA MUSLIM IJTIHADIE, MUCHAMMAD HUSNI' ANGCA WARDANA
SOLVINC TIIE PROBLEM OF J.STAGE FLEXIBLE FLOWSIIOP SCIIEDULINGFOR NJOB USING OUTER AND TNNER GAME ALGORITIIM
AHMAD SAIKHU. RAISSA MAJIID
MODELLING OF AUTOMATED AUDIT FOR ISO/IEC T7799:2005 INCORPORATING
EXTENDED WEIGHTED-TREE SIMILARITY ALGORITHM
RIYANARTO SARNO.WIWIN SULISTYO
TOWARDS INTERCONNECTIVE KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND PROVISION FOR
DISASTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS-APPROACHING TO SIDOARJO MUDFLOW DISASTER IN INDONESIA'
TAKAFUM| NAKANISH| , KoJl i;ETrsU, YUTAKA KIDAWARA, YASUSHI K|YoKl
2s9-262
263-266
267-272
273-219
280-285
286-291
302J09
3r0-3t3
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319-321
322-t26
321-331
332-339
;351x1il,i,,"^?,'J3i3&!t"J^?ll"?,",illilin%111.ff1.un,,"SLAME-r WNARDI, KUNTO EKO SUSILO
CLASStt-y .t'rIE IrICrt_taEsoLU,t.toN SA.!.ELLtl.E IMAcEsNANC MYA MYA NWE. MYTNT'MYINT SEIN -. ,. ,.
ff fr'i!ii.1""Ei;81'firq:r?H{lrMANDsrEGANocRApHyNOVA HADI LESTRTANDOKO, NURYANI ..,
340-345
346-350
IMAGE PROCESSING FOR IRIDOLOCYFAHMT sT, MSC ..,..,,..,.,.,
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SMARTCARD.BASED MEDICAL RECORD AUTOMATTONRIFKI SADTK IN, DIANADEWI RISWANTIN t, .,O-,-**,A
IMPLEMENTATION OI
efs#*,ll'#ffi;1ilf{lfiil##fr:HrrEcruRE(soA)ROSWAN LATUCONSINA, BAMBANC RIYANTO
iitli'H6-lirl ;l#tf}it "N o F MAN Er Ass o c tArlvrry BAs ED RourrNc (ABR) ANDFOR A MORE RELIABLEAND EFFICTENT ROUTINGSHAFTNAZ BURUHANUDE'*, noo'orrei'il;;", B'RHANUDDTN M'HD ALr
il'#Sli ilfIIH!" AND SIMILARITY MEASUREMENT INTHE CLASSIFICATION OFBERTALYA, PIITHANDOKO
APPROPRIA'flON: UNDERSTaNnTN^ T'h rrrr- ___NoR zAIRA'r ou'oo'"", lillfl"ff^ ffffl:*t PERsPEcrIvEs .RITERIA
CLIENT-SERVER INTERFACE FOR REMOTE LINUX SERVER CONFIGURATIONwAHyu suADr , EKA BUD, M^HARDTKA ,ur*i.._
INHERENT NETWORK LINK AND ROUTER MONITORING SYSTEMWAHYU SUADI, KAMAS MUHAMMAD . ......... .
35 | -357
358-367
368-373
374-381
382-386
387-391
392-396
397400
400403
267
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING MODELS FOR IMPROVING COURSECONTENT QUALITY IN EASTTNN PANi OF INDONESIAUNIVERSITIES
Achmad AffandiLaoratory for Telecommuni"iiion Networks,
Center for In formati on ana. com mun i."i ion'i".r, nor ogy,Insritur Teknotogi Scpuluh N;;;;b;,lrS Campus, Surabala 60 I I i :c;;iil ;d; Jil:"t-eng.its.ac. id
ABSTRACT
,-.,11ry,9,. grworh ^ of higher educationoevetopment in lndonesia mostly-focuseJ in l"u.island, hcnce slgnirrcanr gap har becn rcallzcdbetween graduates of most uriiu.rrities iiJava anOthose of universities rn.eastem part of Indonesia.
D_evelopment of inter-unive.rity u'a"t uii" nli*o.r,(INHERENT _ tNdonesia;'Htft;;i'u"utionNeTworks), has been carried out in ordcr rominimize such an imponant gap.
Jome tmportant notes.arc delivered taken fromlesson teamed from previous p;;j;; i,i}ra.. ,oimprove future worlThree collabo.",;u" 11t^-l'1-lcr'learning
models'
organising courses ,latn'n8 models proposed are
1o in t couises- "* {:iil#1i"l':i ::-', :fi1l;ptarform using Leamin'e v.nug;;lni'sylt.i' "naContent Management bystem,.
^^l:lill, gh.aleleeps of modet proposed arecommrtment of institution toward lnforniaiion- anOCommunication Technotolgy f iCfj'U"r.j
f .""ringj-1ve|onment. a1a prouiar:nj -pr'o;;;"'';;;""resources and unit in implementation.
Keywords : virtual university, e-learning, virtuallaboratory, collaborative rearntng
I INTRODUCTIONOrganizing highcr cducation courses in easlcrnpart universirics is challenging *ort*.'i"'"rji, ,"achieve succesful class,
moti vared within timiti,r't-tl::::-$']d be high lvraci r i ti es,- ;;;;1,; "'
";" il ljli',Xl'j;,:::',0#:availability of good course contents and materials._ . Since devctopment._ of r"a"ilri"" '-i.ii"i*
^.j^lj:n Nerworks (rNHERENiiilffi;: ,, r'nii,,ooecome
. a huge communicaiio, Uriaglr..-io.universities to improve the- learning process,especially- in eastern part of lnaon"si.l i;;,I:.kr :ld studies [t,i,3,4] f,"ui-prou* ,r,"i'iE,may offer large number
"ou"ut"i", ;i ];;g
methods and aonroa.ches including e-books, e_libraV,.c-lcarning, e-tectures, virtual ct8ss, virtuslunivcrsity etc. Those method; .nJ to'uril, ir.ring:1t..1111
avai ta bi I i ty, possi bt e ;ii;;; ;; i.lrn, n,approaches and llnatdfiiil;.;#. rrrrarl! r18! lmprovo quallty <ri
. . However, availability of huge communicationbridge apparently is not enougl, To irpr"""q".ri,yof leaming pr@ess. From our experience in oneyear pREDlcr lrs (2o06-200tt';;;;;i;r"ou.,Il^ElfNL among chateleane
"""i'.'"r_""o,most hetpful condition i, yfr li,".p"ir"".i"."ainter institution communtcattons are built. Lecfuresfrom eastern parr of lndoncsia ,"r""rrj,l.i""J"lai::, rheir. appropriare coileagues iro,
"if,",resource university (i.e. ITS), ro U. p.".p"rtn.irf,ipfor.developing .ouir. contents for their classes.Such an activity is one exampte of intrJucingquality_ improvement in learning pil
v' .'r's
wsvr
. Main objective of tfris siuJy iJ ro provide
:il,ilt. and imptementablc_cottaior",l"" r!"irj",T"-d:tr supported by rcr i;;;"il;;r"T".nofacil ities.for eastcrn part of tnaoies" r"i
".rruirJ *the.cases. proposed models may b" ;;;;;;;;",optionat reference of tCT b"*d ie-a#, ,"J.,r.Their functions -may refl ect necessary requiremenrsto be prepared by universiti"s in orj"i-tl];ir"o;"
thcir lcarning activities.
ICT BASED LEARNING MODELSlnformation and,,,rv,ur4u(,n anq communication technologyprogrcss. allows us to access. to sharc ,n'r__o.vw q,,wwr us ro access, to share anyinformation to enhance our capacity. Some leaminoSome leaming
::tj"::l",., "sing rCT ,"y 6, i,itr"ar"ij *"iiifformof IlJ:
l. CBT (Computer Based Training)In principle. this expression describes anyform o f compri"r-rrppo.t"i tr.i n in g. ; ;;";. ;"
::T-i:_ ii:'?*jngty appr icd or y to !""1";;, il"harc supplied for use on inaividual
""r-p"-r".a"",
rssN 1858-1633 @2007 rcTS
s|}i
268 3'd Information and Communication Tcchnology Seminar, Septembcr 200?
within an internal network, and which are availablein the form of a CD-ROM or DVD.
This models is suitable option for learningenvironment that has limited communicationaccess. Hence, using digital leaming materialpackagcs, ones may perform as student centercdleaming, or as reference in a certain trainingprograms delivered by certified/ professionaltrainers.
2. WBT (Web Based Training)
This modcl refers to the adaptation of CBT forusc on the lntemet. Such applications run onstandard browscrs. ln contrast to classic CBT, WBTmakes it possible to incorporate all forms ofcomputer-based communication such as c_mail,chat rooms and news forums. On the otherhand,bccause of the relatively narrow bandwidthcurrently available for many Intcrnet connections,the use of claborate animations and videos is stillrcstricted whcn compared to CBT solutions.Howevcr, tlrcrc is a grcat dcal of intercst in thcsctcchnologics. Using common scarch cngines, e_books, elcctures, electronic tcaming and c]ectroniclearning conferences gave miltions of nits.
3. Multi-medla teaching/learning
This term can be used to dcscribc any form ofcomputer-assisted instruction which involvcs theusc.of_various media (text, image, sound, vidco).Both CBT and WBT normally quatify as multi-mcdia learning. Using nowadays multimediadevclopment tools easily allow us to preparecomprehensive lcaming materials. Howiverfamiliarisation of the tools necd more efforts formost lecturers. Some usable tools are microsoftpower point, macromedia flash, microsoft producer,etc.
4. Vldeo-conferencing
This ls an Internct.bascd training situation inwhich thc participants can be in specially equippedrooms at different locations and can communicatewith onc another using a remote vidco system.Video-conferencing can include tele-lecturing andtele-discussions as methods of instruition.Previsously usagc of ISDN protocols werecommon, howcver IP based protocols using H-32xare most common used nowdays. Apart of hardwarevideoconference equipments, therc arc somosoftware bascd vidcoconference availablc on thcnets, such as Netmeeting and Sk1pc.
5. Virtual Co-operation
This refers to an lntemet-based form ofinshuction in which the participants work togetherusing various computer-supported communicationsand co-operation tools. Other terms used for this are
Cs9!_(::lputer-supported co-operari ve leam i ng)or CSCW (computer-supported co-opcrative workf.
It is not simplc work to implement virtualcooperation activities among institutions. Onc ofsuccesful activities are describe in the FinnishVirtual University [5]. Similar consept to thc FVUy-!ic!r is on progre.js, is the imptimentation ofPULSE (Pubtic Univcrsiry Link bystem of EastJava) [6].
2.1 e-learning Challenges
. Introduction.many electronic/digital learningtools and approachcs to lecturers haJbeen carricdout. Howevcr, many educators are disappointcd tharelcctronic learning technologies have bLLn acceptcdmuch morc slowly than cxpectcd - thc samcproblem as occuned when the Guttenberg pressrcvolutionized communication. tll There arcscvcral common argumcnts. Many initructors havcfcared that widesprcad adoption of thcsctechnologics would lead to a loss of jobs. Thcy arcworried that Universitics will offer iourses onlin"rathcr than hiring local people to teach. Institutionshavc found that producing online courses is costlyand that few staff members have the cxpertise or thetime to devote to these technologies. However, mostinstructors use somc innovative technology - suchas wcb pages and e-mail - as part of theii teachingprograms.
In term of learning process, we may distincttwo approaches eithcr from tcacher centcred andstudent centercd lcaming models. ICT uses in bothlearning approach could be included as a tool. aslcarning resources development, as acc€ss toresources (as communication channels) and ascollaborative system providers. For both approachcsof learning, there is different weight of chailenge inICT functionc End supports, Suoh a retation rnf Ucfigured in the figurc l. [7]
A Tool A Recouroe A Communlcrrlsr An EnvltonnEnr
rssN l8s8-1633 @2007 ICTS
Collaborative Leaming Models For lmproving Course Content Qualityln Eastem Part Of Indonesia Univcrsities - Achmad Affandi
269
2.2. elear nin g Approaches
Usc of ICT in learning process is not mcrclythe use oftechnology, Pcltonen [7] promptcd us thatclcar pedagogical idea and sinrplicity are still keysto success. In addition activating studcnts to worktogether with a topic promotes good and deepleaming. Novel e-learning is a tool for lcarning andstudents, it is not a toy for "polished products" or"show off'. Hence appropriate approaches ininformation, communication and technology shouldbe researched in order to devclop individuallearning culture. This approach is presented inFigure 2.
There are three main aspect in use of ICT inleaming: person/humatVindividual, lcarning andculture. Thc use of ICT ln lcamlng envlronmentshould consider characteristics of individual, as wellas culture of leaming process, and its culture. Thoscare related to developmcnt of learning environmcntusing ICT supports. ln order to achieve succesfulimplementation of ICT in leaming process, bringingindividual characteristics in learning process, itshould be prepared pedagogical approaches ofIearning process using ICT environment. Suitablepedagogical approaches oflearning will be acceptedby people to perform their ICT leaming activities.With the same way of approaches for appropriatetechnology in dcvcloping learning culture. Or.transforming existing culture to new learningculture using appropriate technology should bcsignificant exploration steps. Thc third works areproposed to elaboratc and to dcvclop learningorganization in order to introduce and to build newculture of learning. This is morc maass communica-tion activities, including socialization orfamiliarization of ICT tools and lcaming modcls toccrtain groups of people or institutions. H€nce,building e-learning system is not an instantancousworks, but it needs coordination, synchroni-ationand more socio-organization among communities.
2.3 INHERENTThanks to the existcncc of the INHERENT, it
becomcs a significant basic infrastructure fordeveloping learning nctworks in Indonesia. TheIndonesian Higher Education Networks(INHERENT) which has introduccd sincc thc end
of 2006, links about 33 local access pointsdistributcd in public universities [8J. Twelvc ofthem are concerned with eastem part of Indonesia,outside Java island. From each local access point, itis possible to dcploy other new networks includingsurrounding universities. Development of thenctworks should be a basic fulfillmcnt of animportant rcquirement, i.e. a communicationchannel, for develop-ment student ccntercd lcarningmodels. Such networks should be a huge bridgc ofdivurlty smong uni vcrsitles wlthin lndoncsia.
Avallability of networks allows usor to survein order to search interesting matcrial orinformation, as well as a great chance foruser/institution to use the networks for organizingcollaborative activities. Initiative of collaborationhas bcen introduced by Directorate General ofHigher Education (DGHE) in order to socializetheir programs, i.e. competitive grants of institution,or coffee morning with DGHE (www.dikti.org).
Figurc 3. INHERENT nodcs
3 COLLABORATIVE MODELSThis papcr introduces possible collaborativc
leaming models could be proposcd in order toimprove course content quality. Such modcls havebcen taken from cxperiences and activities withinPULSE (Public University Link System of EastJava) in 2003-now, FIND (Finland lNDonesia) in2005-2006, PREDICT ITS (Projcct for Researchand Education Dcvclopment on ICT in ITS) 2006-now and INHERENT at ITS projccts in 2006.
3.1 Assumption
Effcctiveness learning proccss depends onscveral factors, including availability of goodleaming materials in the context of contents quality
w ILeam|ng
Ferton/ hrnrn / lndvldull
OF ICT INLEARNING
Figurc 2. ICT l-carning approachcs
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270 3d Information and communication Tcchnorogy seminar, scptember 2007
andpedagogical aspects, Such a requirement relatedto the prescrnce of goorl f".rnini'rn.irriul, .n.fcxpert lccrurcr. From thc "i.* of 6;;;;'capacityof learners, theirsucccsrurness ;a L#;X p[.".,::,ffi,,T1i, ffiiof view of
.developed .;s:6; ;l";"""rj",'nr,n.nresources, either learner and lecturcr U""ori
Supposc tCT may supply rhe i"ri-r"-quir"rrnoin the point of view^oi.'a""ir"ui" "g".i''l'".u.ningmaterials, in addition rhe cxisrence oiliriH'dnerurmay become Iearning channet i"ii,roi"i."""".olearning modcl, then culture oi-fr"ri.rr-f.",*o,(human resources) shoutd. be
";;J;;;;;l muinentry point in order to_ introducc su....rfuf fCfbased. teaming models..Such ; ;rdil'iJ u*"cto deliver suitable leanrrng rnodels.
3.2 Key points from ExperiencesIn order to take some important lesson learnedfrom projects activiries r.til;";;-"d;'i.rro
tearning that invited tTs t""iur"i, 'i'na
o,n.,universitics, we firsr inr.ro<tuce glob;i-;;;tion ofprojects activities as follows:o PULSE:a. Introducing collaborative activities,
including_developing .orron .ourr"material for eight public universities,i.e. Kewiraan, Fancasila.
b. providing learning materials in digitalarchievc.
c. Initiating to develop web basedlearning materials.
d. Steering committee meeting andcoordination; possible .oop"."iion roallow students take coursc. in-oif,",partner university.o FIND:
l. Introducing c-learning platform: LMSb. Introducing aigltil -roii"n,
scvetopmcntt .workchop on llght
content productionc. Introducing
. Virtual Univcrsity:existing Finnish Virtual Univirsity
. and possible conccpt for Indonesiad. Studcnt and staffcich.ng"..tiuiii",o INHERENT Kt tTS:a. Dcv_elopment and implementation of
LMS inctuding CMSb. Dcv-elopment of c-lecture/video
conference systemse PREDICT-ITS:
c. Collaborative .activities, includingjoint organization of intcmational
seminars in - Ma.na-do, dcvclopingcurriculum. for informatics studyprogram. in University of SamRatulangi, other i.uriopr.nrprogram.
Those. projec,j^p:_r!,OPorted one anorher,especialty rhc |NHERENT Kf iii;;;rlt* rr,.latest projecrs, becausc wirfrin ifris frojJrt f,.,linked main public unrversrtres in lndonesia.Some imDortanl n-otes may be delivcrcd mkcnfrom i mp I emen tat ion of the p-r"i"",, .'r" ..''rli, o*r,r CApACtTy gUrL6tN'c: --rir'-"
roruuniversities lCT.. based i".rning"' are stillunfarniliar, sociatrzation antl introduclion ofdigiral leaming matcrials a"u.joprn"ni,' ri*tcontent production, lcarning rn*.i.rrntsystem and content managemen-t systemitroutUbe organized more intensel
' -/v'vr" u'
o MOTIVATIoN & coMMUNICATIoNS:small leading lecturers should bc ,"ini.inrAtheir motivation to spread ttreir tnowieoge,skiil as wcl as^the io*ntug., ;i;;s .-lcarning system. providing tr"f, ni..-f
'.*riri.n..,for rechnical consutrarion' l. "riy-i"tiri r.,keeping their morivarion. Such u .rnii, lr olearning may be oevetope,ve.ta[riri",i'i,,,"Insritution, in rcgionai
", n.ii'"i"i '*ia..Existence of the.ccntcr will reduce i"ctrnicataversions and challcnges for the f"ai"fjr"i.r MANAGEMENT suppORr: .oirniirnl, or1Tl.tjr,r:" lnanagement may become principalonve in lndonesia. When the tcaa.i ofeducation institution may represcnt as ChiefInformation Offi cer (Cl O), 6","; I i fl*irtl",rycommit to. support gror"ing rn"irontrnrit' ro,rL I uses rn learning through the instituionpoticies and rutcs, Rtmol irpirriircocxporlencor qpeclalty ---intiffiroiritvactivities, formal support from ,"""g#""i i,necessary.
o PROMOTTON: Govemmenr (MONE)commitment to develop ICT based t"urnin"'tu,increascd by ycar. Howcver, ,r.i
" pr"ri,i*
should not onty be carric<J ""r ty;;;;;il:*
granr for uni vcrsi rieV.insrirutions i f bj,' ;;;*for common activrrrcs rnter-universities indevcloping good course materials or anycollaborative developmcnt programs. Hencc,such an incentivc witt ,otiuate-rh; ;;r,the backbones ( incr.casing traffrc) ai- Jne- sime
^ . ume to develop their competcnces.
::.::,:_"j_": correspond ro ,5 Cs, from pannen [9] inoevetoptng c-lcarnine s)4slem, including ContexqContiguity, ChampiJns, C"p""ity
-S"jio,ir"i*Change.
a. Promote ICT basedincluding practical useorganizing e-lectures andmeetings.
learning,of LMS,scientific
b. Joint research activities amonsJapanesc laboratory, ITS and ;te-ripart of Indonesia universities
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27r
Collaborative Lcaming Models For lmproving Course Content Quality
i" i"t"* p"n Of lndonesia Universities - Achmad Affandi
3.3 Proposed Implemented Learning
Models
Starting with the condition cxist in most
universties in eastern part of Indonesia' we first
i"i;"6t; inter'university communications ..asilG point. Then on" of three possible
."rf.ili.ri"" models drawn below could be carried
out.
L Organizing e-lecture: lecture through video" ;f;;;;;;"tav be introduced as enhv point of
inter-university communications and
"ojiuuotutio*. Bcfore IN HERENT established'
iiO""*i"" universities almost lack of
communications, especially among lccturers'
Any topic may be offered' either presenteo.oy
lectures resource universities o.r forcig;;;;;il xit* nom tcnr of uprrlono'rt blg
i.'o- conccrnlng human rcsourccs capacltyl
ficlce efiectiviness of such a lecturcs arc
;;;;i. i. addition. lack of responsivcness of
".ii"ip""" has also noted' Providing copy of
i;;;;;"tials before' it is not cnough' lt
;il;ii ;. stimulatcd bv appointing onc most
iotp"t"n." lecturer in each site to be
u.rirtun"". He will guide and. motivate
purti"ip.nt* to enter to tfic prcsented topic' He
ltlouta inttoauce and rcsume what participants
cotpi.ft"nO"a and stimulate smart qucstions to
orrrintrr. Thosc are retatcd issue of culturc
itiilit,- ,rt." it should bc any treatment in
sociai organization/communications'
2. Organizing ioint courses or other
coliaborative activitics' This is an advanccd
..iioiti"t of improving initiativc to organizc
self cvaluation conceming learning proccss in
.rrtuin .t"tt"t' lmplementation of joint lecture
iJ ;;i . simple organization' Such .a joint
coursc should'be reciqnized formally by.both
institutions. llence, some necessary stag€s
,floufJ U" establishcd before orpnizing joint
;;;;;;;* dcscribc in the figure 4' Bascd on
iJilt.r .on,t."t, this activity may be carried out
later.
Figurc 4' Stcps ofjoint course sctivily
3. tntplemcntltion of e-lcrrnlng platform: usc
of learning managem€nt system (-L.Ml)..*dcontent managcment systcm (CMS).[ll]. is
morc comprehensive and organize. c-leamlng
implemcntition. The . implemantation
^.o^t--oi..'.in g pl atform requi res readiness .of. trian gle
."tp"iti't" in the institution' Availability of
acccts stroutO be guaranted' because -lcarners
"nO l.ttut"t will Jse web bascd platforms in
;;;;iil tearning Pro"css' stake iolders
.ii"ra uJ familiar *ittl th" LMS and CMS'
ii"t" *p."fty building activities should be
l"iti"a olt, maintained and implemcnted'.At
il;.;;" time, in order to implement.such a
tv-t,J"i,' "ril'"ge
in manaeement (policies and
rules) to promote ut" oi e'leaming platform
tiouia u" innoduced' our experiences said that
iitiJu.tion and TOT workshop on LMS
(Moodle) in several events are not guarantee
l;;i;;i;t""tation of e-teaming platform in an
inttituiion. In addition to change management'
"i"tpion.ftip of special -
unit .to support
[.io*"t., 'software and brainwarc of
imotementeO e-learning platform is necessary'
iltil,t"" ; develop --such a platform .to be
ilte};A in wtrote information systcm is also
imPortant.
Introductlon- Visit to UniversitY Managcm€nt
- Discussion with DcPartments
lnvlte to Vlcon ectlvltlec- c-lecture- scicntific meeting- devcloPment Program- management, ctc."
Jolnt Progrrm DeveloPment Trlel- curriculum- international scminar organization
- sholarshiPs
MOU bcnvcen Inttltutlon- prcParing formal documentatton
- devclop joint development program
I mplcmcntrtion of Program
- preparation- implementation of joint Program
rssN 1858-1633 @2007 lcrs
272 3d Information and communication Technorogy seminar, September 2007
4 CONCLUSION
_ __Background and condition of implementation ofICT bascd lcarning in eastern part o? Indonesia hasbeen introduccd. This paper has explored challengesand possiblc solutions in developing and cnhanci-nglearning process through collaborative learnin!models.
.lmportant goal of collaborative tcarningmodels is developing peer learning process andcommunications among lecturcrs and leamers.Through intensive contacts that should be promotedby thc institution and government, improvement ofeducation quality will be recoqnized in the nearfulurc. ln addition, neccssary works in explorationof formal .learning process is intercsting to bediscovcrcd in the futurc.
REFERENCE
l. Evi Schucpbach, Urs Guggenbiihl, ComcliaKrchl, Heinz Siegenthaler, Ruth Kaufmann-Hayoz, Didactic guide of e-learning,SUPPREM Project, Berne,http://www. virtualca rnpus,ch, 2002
2. Dcmetriadis, S., & pombortsis, A. (2002). c-Lcctures for Flexible Learning: a Study on iheirLcaming Efficiency, Educotionol Tachnologv& Society, l0 (2), 147-152.
3. H. Adelsberger, B. Collis, & M. pawlowsky(Eds.), H a n d boolc o n I nfo r m a t i o n Te c h n o I o gi e sfor Education & TrainTng,Berlin/HeidelbergNewyork; Springer, 23-43,2002.
4. Melissa Engleman, Mary Schmidt, Testing anExperimental Universally Designed LearningUnit in a Graduate Level Online TeacherEducation Course, MERLOT Journal ofOnline Learning and Teaching Vol. 3, No. 2,June 2007.
5. T99*u Lcinonen, Risto Aikoncn, LauraOlkkonon, Croatlng o notwork,barsd o.university model for the small countrics in thecontext of c-learning in Europe: Analyscs ofthc Finnish Virtual University Modcl, UNIVcprojcct, 2004
6, Noorcndah, Bekti S., progress of publicUniversity Link System of East Java (pULSE),Proceeding of Seminar on pedagogt a:spect ine-learning, FIND Project, Surabayo, 2t-22September 2006.
7, Antti Peltoncn, Mixcd Modc dan purc NetworkCourses, Proceeding of Seminar on pedagogtaspect in e-learning FIND project, Surabaya,2l-22 Septenber 2006.
8. ._.j..._....., Jaringan pendidikan Tinggi Indonesia(lndonesian Higher Education- Network-INHERENT) PANDUAN OPERASI,Direhorat Jenderal pendidikan TinggiDepartemen Pendidikan Nasional, Novi-mber2006
9, Paulina Panncn, e-Lcarning in South East Asia,Proceeding of Semlnar on pedagogt aspect ine--learning, FIND project, Bandung, Ig-lgSeptenber 2006,
10. DGHE, Guideline of INHERENT K0, Kt, K2,K3 Projccts, www.dikti.orp/phk, 2007
I l. INHERENT ITS Team, Finat Rcport ofINHERENT K-l project: pengcmbanganSistem Perencanaan pcrguruan Tinggi uniukl"j*itrg Pendidikan dan pcnelitian, tTS,Surabaya, 2006
Achnrad Affnndl, born in Tulungagung on October1965.-{fter finishing his Sarjana in l9gg, he joinswith Department of Electrical Engineering ai rhelnstitut Teknologi Sepuluh ttopcrntrei 1ttSlSurabaya. He was assigned in some
"onrultingservice activities with JICA Consulting Team foiStudy Telecommunication Networks inGERBANCKERTASUSILA (I990), KDDConsulting team for Surabaya-Banjarmasin OpticatFiber Submarine Cable (t991-t992) and CRNAC-Microtel: Development of TelecommunicationNetworks in Sumatra financed by ADB (1993-1994). In 1995-2000, he was registered as DEA andDoctor candidates in Mobile RadioCommunications in lnstitut National des ScienccsAppliqudes (INSA) de Rennes. Bac[ to the lTS, hewas activc in some dcvclopmcnt and cooperation
ry!J!o!! lfr tllehor Educarlon: TpSDp ftnairootl byADB (2003-2007), FtND (2005_2006), TNHERENT(2006) and PREDICT-|TS (2006-now). Hisresearch interests are protocol engineering(including system integration), radio and nextgeneration networks in his Laboratory forTelecommunications Networks at lTS.
'He is
appointed also as Director of ICT Ccnter in ITS(2003-now), and activc in national forum (tCTCenter of Ministry of National Education,Dircctoratc Gencral Posl and Telccommunications)
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