E FFECTS OF A GENT O RANGE U SE IN V IETNAM W AR W HAT IS IT ? A specific blend of herbicides used during the Vietnam war made primarily by Monsanto. Rainbow Herbicides Program. Agent Orange* Agent Blue Agent White Agent Pink Agent Green Agent Purple P URPOSE OF A GENT O RANGE Defoliate forested and rural land. Destroy crops to end food supply Destroy jungle foliage to deny cover for hideouts Forced draft urbanization Force people living in rural areas to leave move into cities, weakening the support base for the Viet Cong E FFECTS ON F ORESTS 20,000,000 US gallons sprayed from 1961 to 1971 Over 5,000,000 acres sprayed. Less forests to retain water Flood in rainy season Drought in dry season Highlands erode Lowlands choked with sediment E FFECTS ON P EOPLE 3 million people have been affected by agent orange. Cancer Mental problems Health problems 400,000 people killed or maimed. 500,000 children born with birth defects High levels of dioxin found in breast milk