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INTRODUCTION TO E-Address Book

NAME OF PROJECT : To design E-Address Book.

E-Address Book is an open Address Book over the network. With the help of this project any end

user can maintains their friends details over the network. In any place, he/she can see his/her

friends details can see it. In this project, first the new end user must have to register on this site.

While registration his/her username and password allocate. Then that allocated username and

password is used to go in their account. After registration, we can add new friend list, view the

added friend, update the details of our friends and also we can perform deletion process to delete the

details of our friends. With the help of this project we can access our friends details anywhere.

DETAILS OF PROJECT

Front End: ASP.NET

Back End: SQL server 2008

Platform: DOTNET (Visual Studio 2010)

Framework: 4.0 Framework

Language: C#.NET


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OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT

Today is an era of Internet. All the services very easily provided online. So in this age of technology,

everyone wants to link himself to the network of web. So while keep in mind this idea, we deals our

6 weeks training parts with E-Address Book. E-Address Book is an open Address Book over

the network. With the help of this project any end user can maintains their friends details over the

network. In any place, he/she can see his/her friends details can see it. In this project, first the new

end user must have to register on this site. While registration his/her username and password

allocate. Then that allocated username and password is used to go in their account. After registration,

we can add new friend list, view the added friend, update the details of our friends and also we canperform deletion process to delete the details of our friends. With the help of this project we can

access our friends details anywhere.

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PLANNING

Interoperability:

Because computer systems commonly require interaction between new and older applications, the.NET Framework provides means to access functionality that is implemented in programs that

execute outside the .NET environment.

Common Runtime Engine:

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of the .NET Framework.

All .NET programs execute under the supervision of the CLR, guaranteeing certain properties and

behaviors in the areas of memory management, security, and exception handling.

Language Independence:

The .NET Framework introduces a Common Type System, or CTS. Because of this feature, the

.NET Framework supports the exchange of types and object instances between libraries and

applications written using any conforming .NET language.

Base Class Library:

The Base Class Library (BCL), part of the Framework Class Library (FCL), is a library of

functionality available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The BCL provides classes which

encapsulate a number of common functions.

Simplified Deployment:

The .NET Framework includes design features and tools that help manage the installation of

computer software to ensure that it does not interfere with previously installed software, and that it

conforms to security requirements.

Security:

The design is meant to address some of the vulnerabilities, such as buffer overflows, that have been

exploited by malicious software. Additionally, .NET provides a common security model for all

applications.

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REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

At the heart of system analysis is a detailed understanding of all important facets of business area

under investigation.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Supported operating system: Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows 2003 (SP3 Recommended)

Microsoft Windows XP

Microsoft Windows Vista

Microsoft Windows 7

Programming Language: .NET

Microsoft .NET (pronounced dot net) is a software component that runs on the

Windows operating system.

It is a product of a Microsoft which gives the software platform in which multiple

languages works together or it is a framework(more than 90 languages).

.NET provides tools and libraries that enable developers to create Windows software

much faster and easier. .NET benefits end-users by providing applications of higher

capability, quality and security.

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Software Requirements :

VISUAL STUDIO:

When we install the .NET Framework 4.0 SDK, Visual Studio 2010, or Visual C# 2010

Express, we will end up with a number of new directories on our local hard drive, each of

which contains various.NET development tools. Many of these tools are driven from the

command prompt, so if we wish to use these utilities from any Windows command window,

we will need to register these paths with the operating system. Console application is a

computer program designed to be used via a text-only computer interface, such as a text

terminal, the command line interface of some operating systems (Unix, DOS, etc.) or the

text-based interface included with some Graphical User Interface (GUI) operating systems,

such as the in Microsoft Windows.

SQL SERVER:

Microsoft SQL Server is an application used to create computer databases for the Microsoft

Windows family of server operating systems. Microsoft SQL Server provides an

environment used to generate databases that can be accessed from workstations, the Internet,

or other media such as a personal digital assistant (PDA).

Other Requirements:

4GB RAM for good response, 2GB recommended

Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.01 or later (install Internet Explorer 6.0)

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SYSTEM FEASIBILITY STUDY

All projects are feasible given unlimited resources and infinite time. Unfortunately, the development

of a computers based system or product is more likely plagued by the scarcity of resources and

difficult delivery dates.

The feasibility study is conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the candidate system to produce the

desired outputs. Most successful system projects are not necessarily the biggest or most viable in

business but rather those that truly meet user expectations. Three types of feasibility study are taken

up:

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY:

Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of a candidate

system. Economic feasibility determines the benefits and savings that are expected from the systemcompare them with the costs.

It provides benefits like real time ,elimination of mathematical calculations, fast access to

information, updating the records ,automatic report generation, security etc. The desired system

provides following advantages:

Modular Design of the package

Fast access to information

Centralized data input and processing

Ease in updating

TECHNICAL FEASIBILTY:

Technical Feasibility centers on the existing computer system (hardware/software) and the extent to

which available technology can support the proposed system.Technical feasibility centers in the

existing system and to what extent it can support the proposed system.

Two majors benefits of proposed system are:

Improving the performance

Minimizing the cost of processing

The performance category emphasizes improves in the accuracy of or access to information and

easier access to the system by the authorized users.

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SOCIAL FEASIBILTY:

People are inherently to change and computers have been known to facilitate change. An estimate

should make of how strong a reaction the users staff is likely to have towards the development ofcomputerized system.

The proposed system wont risk the job of the employees working in the company, it wont degrade

the users, it wont even require massive training , it wont require the user to undertake low status

job, and will have an interface that is easy to use.

PLATFORM (TECHNOLOGY/TOOL SELECTION)

WHAT IS .NET?

Microsoft .NET (pronounced dot net) is a software component that runs on the Windows

operating system.

It is a product of a Microsoft which gives the software platform in which multiple languages

works together or it is a framework(more than 90 languages)

.NET provides tools and libraries that enable developers to create Windows software much

faster and easier. .NET benefits end-users by providing applications of higher capability,

quality and security.

INTRODUCTION TO .NET FRAMEWORK

.Net Framework is a platform or development environment to seamlessly create web-applications

that are accessible through client machines from across the globe. These web-applications adopt

open standards such as extensible Markup Language (XML), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP),

and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) to interact with applications that are available in other

platforms..Net Framework is platform independent and language independent.This means that .Net Framework

allows you to use different programming languages such as VB.Net, C#, Jscript, VBScript, and

Managed C++ and run applications on different platforms such as UNIX, Macintosh, and Linux.

The reason how .Net Framework supports so many programming languages is well answered by the

concept of Common Language Runtime (CLR) engine. The CLR engine, instead of compiling the

code into native code, compiles the code into Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL).

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The MSIL, a set of instructions, then translates the code into native code. This concept of CLR is

significant in making .Net Framework, platform and language independent. In addition, CLR is

responsible for run-time services such as language integration, security enforcement, memory

process, and thread management. Thus, .Net Framework provides a wide infrastructure to create

web-applications.

The .NET Framework has been developed to cater to the following objectives and requirements:

To provide a consistent object-oriented environment to develop applications.

To provide a code execution environment that simplifies deployment and versioning.

To provide a code execution environment that guarantees the safety of the code that isexecuting. This includes both code developed internally by an organization or for code

developed by 3rd party vendors.

To provide a code execution environment that eliminates the issues faced by scripted

environments with respect to performance.

COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIME:

The CLR, as mentioned in the above paragraph, provides common runtime services to all .Net

applications. In addition, the CLR reduces the developer's time to write lengthy code for using

features such as life-cycle management, strong type naming, cross-language exception handling, and

dynamic binding to turn business logic into a reusable component.

.NET FRAMEWORK CLASS LIBRARY:

This class library includes predefined sets of functionality that developers can use in their own

applications. The library consists of three key components:

ASP.NET

Windows Forms

ADO.NET

COMMON LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION:

The Common Language Specification (CLS) is a related specification that defines a subset of

common types and programming constructs that all .NET programming languages can agree on.

Thus, if we build .NET types that only expose CLS-compliant features, we can rest assured that

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all .NET-aware languages can consume them. Conversely, if we make use of a data type or

programming construct that is outside of the bounds of the CLS, we cannot guarantee that every

.NET programming language can interact with our .NET code library.

JUST-IN-TIME COMPILATION (JIT):

Just-in-time compilation (JIT), also known as dynamic translation, is a method to improve the

runtime performance of computer programs. Traditionally, computer programs had two modes of

runtime operation, either interpreted or static (ahead-of-time) compilation. Interpreted code is

translated from a high-level language to a machine code continuously during every execution,

whereas statically compiled code is translated into machine code before execution, and only requires

this translation once.

JIT builds upon two earlier ideas in run-time environments: byte code compilation and dynamic

compilation. It converts code at runtime prior to executing it natively, for example byte code into

native machine code.

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THE VISUAL STUDIO 2010 COMMAND PROMPT

When we install the .NET Framework 4.0 SDK, Visual Studio 2010, or Visual C# 2010 Express, we

will end up with a number of new directories on our local hard drive, each of which contains

various.NET development tools. Many of these tools are driven from the command prompt, so if we

wish to use these utilities from any Windows command window, we will need to register these pathswith the operating system. Console application is a computer program designed to be used via a text-

only computer interface, such as a text terminal, the command line interface of some operating

systems (Unix, DOS, etc.) or the text-based interface included with some Graphical User Interface

(GUI) operating systems, such as the in Microsoft Windows.

CREATING CONSOLE APPLICATIONS USING C#:

C# can be used to create console application: Text-only application that run in a DOS window. You

will probably use console application when unit testing class libraries, and for creating UNIX or

LINUX processes.

Console.Write( )-Writes the specified value to the console window.

Console.Writeline( )-This does the same, but add a new line character at the end of the output.

Console.Readline( )-This method is used to read a line of text from the console window.

For Example:

using System;class Program

{

Public static void Main()

{

int a, b, c, d, e, f, g;

Console.Write("enter any value of a=");

a = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

Console.Write("enter any value of b=");

b = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

c = a + b;

d = a - b;

e = a * b;

f = a / b;

g = a % b;

Console.WriteLine("sum is=" + c);

Console.WriteLine("sub is=" + d);

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Console.WriteLine("mul is=" + e);

Console.WriteLine("div is=" + f);

Console.WriteLine("mod is=" + g);

}

}

Output:enter any value for a=6

enter any value for b=2

sum is=8

sub is =4

mul is=12

div is =3

mod is =0

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INTRODUCTION TO C#.NET

Microsoft .NET (pronounced dot net) is a software component that runs on the Windows operating

system. .NET provides tools and libraries that enable developers to create Windows software much

faster and easier. .NET benefits end-users by providing applications of higher capability, quality and

security. The .NET Framework must be installed on a users PC to run .NET applications. This ishow Microsoft describes it: .NET is the Microsoft Web services strategy to connect information,

people, systems, and devices through software. Integrated across the Microsoft platform, .NET

technology provides the ability to quickly build, deploy, manage, and use connected, security-

enhanced solutions with Web services. .NET-connected solutions enable businesses to integrate their

systems more rapidly and in a more agile manner and help them to realize the promise of

information anytime, anywhere, on any device.

C# (pronounced "C-sharp") is an object-oriented programming language from Microsoft that aims to

combine the computing power of C++ with the programming ease of Visual Basic. C# is designed to

work with Microsoft's .Net platform. Microsoft's aim is to facilitate the exchange of information and

services over the Web, and to enable developers to build highly portable applications. C# simplifies

programming through its use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Simple Object Access

Protocol (SOAP) which allow access to a programming object or method without requiring the

programmer to write additional code for each step. Because programmers can build on existing code,

rather than repeatedly duplicating it, C# is expected to make it faster and less expensive to get new

products and services to market.

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FEATURES OF VISUAL STUDIO 2010

The features of Visual Studio 2010:

1) Silver light Project Template:-In VS2005, VS2008 Silver light Project template is separatedownload, but VS2010 no need to download and install Silver light project template.

2)Asp.net MVC Project Template:-VS2008 Asp.net MVC Project template is separate download,

but VS2010 no need to download and install Asp.net MVC project template.

3) Install Shield 2010 Project Template:-VS2010 introduced great project setup development

using Install Shield.

4) Search Project Templates:-In VS2010 we can Search Project Type Templates using Search in

New Project/New Website dialog.

5) Multi Target frameworks:-VS2010 also support Multiple Frameworks.

Supporting Versions:-

.NetFramework2.0 .NetFramework3.0

.NetFramework3.5

.Net Framework 4.0

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CONTROLS IN .NET

Most controls in .NET derive from the System.Web.UI.WebControls namespace. This namespace

defines the basic functionality of the controls, which is why many properties and events in thecontrols we'll see are identical. Many of these classes are themselves base classes for other controls.

List Box:

The List Box control enables you to display a list of items to the user that the user can select by

clicking. A List Box control can provide single or multiple selections using the Selection Mode

property.With this, the control can display more visible items and the user no longer needs to scroll

to an item.

Combo Box:

A Combo Box displays a text box combined with a List Box, which enables the user to select items

from the list or enter a new value. The Dropdown Style property specifies whether the list is always

displayed or whether the list is displayed in a drop-down.

Textbox:

With the Textbox control, the user can enter text in an application. This control has additional

functionality that is not found in the standard Windows text box control, including multiline editing

and password character masking.

Button:

A Button can be clicked by using the mouse, ENTER key or SPACEBAR if the button has focus. Set

the Accept Button or Cancel Button property of a Form to allow users to click a button by pressing

the ENTER or ESC keys even if the button does not have focus. This gives the form the behavior of

a dialog box.

Checkbox & Radio Button:

Use a Checkbox to give the user an option, such as true/false or yes/no. The Checkbox control can

display an image or text or both. Checkbox and Radio Button controls have a similar function: they

allow the user to choose from a list of options. Checkbox controls let the user pick a combination of

options. In contrast, Radio Button controls allow a user to choose from mutually exclusive options.

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Literal:

It is used to display data. It is lightweight and does not make any formatting techniques. Literal

control will render only its text which is assigned in its text property.

Label:

It is also used to display data .This control will be rendering the text within a span tag to the

browsers. Hence, it is possible to apply styles/style sheet class to the rendered output.

Link Button Control:

Link Button control is a control just like a Button control along with the flexibility to make it look

like a Hyperlink. It implements an anchor tag that uses only ASP.NET post back mechanism to

post the data on the server. Usually, this control is used to give a uniform look and feel throughout

the page/site if we are using hyperlink to navigate through the site. Also if we have less space and

want to show a control that can actually fire server side event, placing Button control will not workas this take more space as well as its look and feel is completely different than Link Button control.

Hyperlink Control:

Hyperlink control is used to jump to another location or to execute the script code. When rendered

on the page, it implements an anchor tag. As this control is the server side form of HTML

anchor tag so it is preferred to not use it and use simply anchor tag (), however there are certain

scenario where we need to decide the navigational url or text for the link through server side

dynamically, in that scenario we can use it.

Image Button Control:

Image Button control is used to post the form or fire an event either client side or server side. Its

like an asp: Button control, the only difference is, we have the ability to place our own image as a

button. Image Button control is generally used to post the form or fire an event either client side or

server side.

Adrotator:

An adrotator control is available in ASP.Net to ease the task of rotating the advertisement images in

a web form. This control enables us to display a different image whenever we refresh the page. This

adrotator control takes the information about the images that are to be displayed from an XML file

which also have many other elements in it that are used by this control.

Multiview And View:

MultiView and View controls together provide a wizard-like functionality in ASP.NET pages. The

MultiView control is a container control that can house only View Controls. The View Controls,

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which are also container controls, can only be housed in MultiView controls; any attempt to place

them on a web page shows up as a design time error. Hence they will be used together with the

MultiView control which may contain a number of View controls. Within the View control, one may

place any of the other standard controls. That one may even place a MultiView control in a View

Control opens the way for providing a complex navigational functionality in web pages.

Repeater:

The Repeater control is used to display a repeated list of items that are bound to the control. The

Repeater control may be bound to a database table, an XML file, or another list of items.

Repeater is a Data Bind Control. Data Bind Controls are container controls. Data binding is the

process of creating a link between the data source and the presentation UI to display the data.

ASP .Net provides rich and wide variety of controls, which can be bound to the data.

Repeater has 5 inline templates to format itself:

1. 2. < Footer Template>

3. < Item Template>

4.

5. < Separator Template>

1. Header Template: This template is used for elements that we want to render once before your

Item Template section.

2. Footer Template: This template is used for elements that we want to render once after your Item

Template section.

3. Item Template: This template is used for elements that are rendered once per row of data. It is

used to display records

4. AlternatingItem Template: This template is used for elements that are rendered every second

row of data. This allows us to alternate background colors. It works on even number of records only.

5. Separator Template: It is used for elements to render between each row, such as line breaks.

Some point about Repeater Control:

It is used to display backend result set. It is used to display multiple tuple.

It is an unformatted control. The Repeater control is a basic template data-bound list. It has

no built-in layout or styles, so you must explicitly declare all layout, formatting, and style

tags within the control's templates.

The Repeater control is the only Web control that allows you to split markup tags across the

templates. To create a table using templates, include the begin table tag () in the

Header Template, a single table row tag () in the Item Template, and the end table tag

() in the Footer Template.

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The Repeater control has no built-in selection capabilities or editing support. You can use the

Item Command event to process control events that are raised from the templates to the

control.

Validation Controls:

Validation is important part of any web application. User's input must always be validated before

sending across different layers of the application. A Validation server control is used to validate the

data of an input control. If the data does not pass validation, it will display an error message to the

user.

Required Field Validator: Required field validate control is used on controls where user

must enter some data. If the data is is not entered and the required field validator is set than it

stop the processing of the page until the data is entered in that control.

Compare Validator Control: Compare validators are used when we need to compare two

fields. It can most commonly be used when we need to confirm password entered by the user

at the registration time.

Range Validator Control: Range validator control is used when we need to check for a

certain range. Suppose we have a textbox and we want to check that user enters a number in

the textbox that is greater than 25.

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Regular Expression Validator Control: Regular Expression Validator is the coolest of all

validators controls. It is used to validate complex expressions. These expressions can be

phone number, email address, zip code and many more. Using Regular Expression Validatoris also very straight forward. Simply set the Validation Expression property to any type of

expression you want and it will validate it.

Validation Summary Control: Validation Summary Control is used to display the

validation error messages in one place. Suppose we want to display all the validation

messages in one page to make the page look better and cleaner than we can use Validation

Summary Control. In order to work with the Validation Summary Control, set the Text

property of the other validation controls.

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INT RODUCTION TO MICROSOFT SQL SERVER

Microsoft SQL Server is an application used to create computer databases for the Microsoft

Windows family of server operating systems. Microsoft SQL Server provides an environment used

to generate databases that can be accessed from workstations, the Internet, or other media such as a

personal digital assistant (PDA).

Microsoft SQL Server 2008 provides following new features for database developers:

Increase the precision of storing and managing DATE and TIME information.

Store semi-structured and sparsely populated sets of data efficiently, using Sparse Columns.

New fully integrated Full-Text Indexes enable high-performance, scalable, and manageable

Full-Text Indexing.

Create large User-Defined Types and User-Defined Aggregates greater than 8 KB.

Pass large amounts of data easily to functions or procedures using new Table-ValueParameters.

Perform multiple operations efficiently with the new MERGE command.

Model hierarchical data, such as org charts, or files and folders, using the new HierarchyID

data type.

Build powerful location-aware applications, using SQL Servers new standards-compliant

spatial data types and spatial indexing capabilities.

Manage files and documents efficiently with full SQL Server security and transaction

support, using the powerful new FILESTREAM data type. Easily identify dependencies across objects and databases, using New Dependency

Management.

Experience faster queries and reporting with Grouping Sets through powerful ANSI

standards-compliant extensions to the GROUP BY clause.

Experience efficient, high-performance data access, using new Filtered Indexes for subsets of

data.

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ADO.NET

ADO.NET is a set of computer software components that programmers can use to access

data and data services. It is a part of the base class library that is included with

the Microsoft .NET Framework.

It is commonly used by programmers to access and modify data stored in relational databasesystems, though it can also access data in non-relational sources.

ADO.NET is sometimes considered an evolution of ActiveX Data Objects (ADO)

technology, but was changed so extensively that it can be considered an entirely new product.

ADO.NET provides consistent access to data sources such as Microsoft SQL Server, as well

as data sources exposed through OLE DB and XML.

Data-sharing consumer applications can use ADO.NET to connect to these data sources andretrieve, manipulate, and update data.

ADO.NET cleanly factors data access from data manipulation into discrete components that

can be used separately or in tandem. ADO.NET includes .NET Framework data providers forconnecting to a database, executing commands, and retrieving results. Those results are

either processed directly, or placed in an ADO.NET Dataset object in order to be exposed to

the user in an ad-hoc manner, combined with data from multiple sources, or remoted betweentiers.

The ADO.NET Dataset object can also be used independently of a .NET Framework data

provider to manage data local to the application or sourced from XML.

The ADO.NET classes are found in System.Data.dll, and are integrated with the XML

classes found in System.Xml.dll. When compiling code that usesthe System.Data namespace, reference both System.Data.dll and System.Xml.dll.

DIAGRAM OF ADO.NET:

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ADO.NET ARCHITECTURE

ADO.NET is a collection of classes, interfaces, structures and enumerated types that

manages data access from relational data sources within the .NET framework.

These collections are organized into namespaces such

as System.Data,System.Data.OLEDB and System.Data.SqlClient.

The ADO.NET components have been designed to separate data access from datamanipulation. To accomplish the ADO.NET provides two central components, the Dataset

and the .NET Data Provider.

The .NET Data Provider is a set of components that includes the Connection, Command,

Data Reader and Data Adapter objects. It is used for connecting to a database, executing

commands and retrieving results. Using the .NET data provider we can either access databasedirectly or use the disconnected approach. For the disconnected approach we use Dataset

class.

Connection Object:-It is used to connect to the data source. Data source can be any databasefile. The connection object contains information like the provider name, server name, data

source name, user name and password.

Command Object: - It is used for connect the connection object to a Data Reader or DataAdapter object. The command object allows us to execute SQL statement or a stored

procedure in a data source.

Data Reader Object: - It is used to read the data in a fast and efficient manner from the

database. It is generally used to extract one or a few records or specific field values or toexecute simple SQL statement.

Data Adapter Object: - It is used to fill data from the database into the Dataset object. It is

used in the disconnected approach.

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FEATURES OF ADO.NET

Disconnected architecture: The connection to database is closed immediately after the data

is retrieved.

Dataset: Data retrieved from database is stored in datasets. So even connection is closed,

data can be accessed from dataset. Hence it is a kind of temporary storage. Data transfer: Data is transferred in XML format, which is universally accepted format.

Data Commands: Uses data commands to retrieve data from the database. The data

commands may be in the form SQL queries or stored procedures.

Data Source: Once the data is in a Dataset you can work with it using a consistent objectmodel, regardless of its original source.

Data is persisted as XML: In ADO.NET data is transferred from the data-store to the XML

document.

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BENEFITS OF ADO.NET

Various Features of ADO.NET are:-

Scalability:-

ADO.NET works on DataSet that can represent a whole database or even a data table as a

disconnected object and thereby eliminates the problem of the constraints of number of

databases being connected. In this way scalability is achieved.

Data Source Independence:-

In ADO.NET DataSet is completely independent of data source and no way DataSet is

controlled by the data source as it happen in case of RecordSet.

Interoperability:-

As ADO.NET transmits the data using the format of XML which is not dependent on

ADO.NET or windows platform.

Strongly Typed Fields:-It supports strongly typed fields by using CTS.

Performance:-

The performance in ADO.NET is higher in comparison to ADO that uses COM marshalling.

Firewall:-

As in ADO.NET transmission is via XML format, therefore it can pass through firewalls.

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WHAT IS A DLL?

A DLL is a library that contains code and data that can be used by more than one program at the

same time.

By using a DLL, a program can be modularized into separate components. For example, an

accounting program may be sold by module. Each module can be loaded into the main program at

run time if that module is installed. Because the modules are separate, the load time of the program

is faster, and a module is only loaded when that functionality is requested. Additionally, updates are

easier to apply to each module without affecting other parts of the program.

WHAT ARE STORED PROCEDURES?

A stored procedure is an already written SQL statement that is saved in the database. If we find our

self using the same query over and over again, it would make sense to put it into a stored procedure.When we put this SQL statement in a stored procedure, we can then run the stored procedure from

the database's command environment

ADVANTAGES OF STORED PROCEDURES:

1. Stored procedures are modular. This is a good thing from a maintenance standpoint. When query

trouble arises in our application, we would likely agree that it is much easier to troubleshoot a stored

procedure than an embedded query buried within many lines of GUI code.

2. Stored procedures are tunable. By having procedures that handle the database work for ourinterface, we eliminate the need to modify the GUI source code to improve a query's performance.

Changes can be made to the stored procedures--in terms of join methods, differing tables, etc.--that

are transparent to the front-end interface.

3. Stored procedures abstract or separate server-side functions from the client-side. It is much easier

to code a GUI application to call a procedure than to build a query through the GUI code.

4. Stored procedures are usually written by database developers/administrators. Persons holding

these roles are usually more experienced in writing efficient queries and SQL statements. This frees

the GUI application developers to utilize their skills on the functional and graphical presentation

pieces of the application.

DISADVANTAGES OF STORED PROCEDURES:

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1. Applications that involve extensive business logic and processing could place an excessive load

on the server if the logic was implemented entirely in stored procedures. Examples of this type of

processing include data transfers, data traversals, data transformations and intensive computational

operations. We should move this type of processing to business process or data access logic

components, which are a more scalable resource than our database server.

2. Do not put all of our business logic into stored procedures. Maintenance and the agility of your

application becomes an issue when we must modify business logic in T-SQL. For example, ISV

applications that support multiple RDBMS should not need to maintain separate stored procedures

for each system.

3. Writing and maintaining stored procedures is most often a specialized skill set that not all

developers possess. This situation may introduce bottlenecks in the project development schedule.

MASTER PAGES IN .NET

ASP.NET master pages allow you to create a consistent layout for the pages in your application. A

single master page defines the look and feel and standard behavior that you want for all of the pages

(or a group of pages) in your application. You can then create individual content pages that contain

the content you want to display. When users request the content pages, they merge with the master

page to produce output that combines the layout of the master page with the content from the content

page.

ADVANTAGES OF MASTER PAGES:

They allow us to centralize the common functionality of our pages so that we can make

updates in just one place.

They make it easy to create one set of controls and code and apply the results to a set of

pages. For example, we can use controls on the master page to create a menu that applies to

all pages.

They give us fine-grained control over the layout of the final page by allowing us to control

how the placeholder controls are rendered. They provide an object model that allows us to customize the master page from individual

content pages.

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ASP.NET

ASP.NET is a server side scripting technology that enables scripts (embedded in web pages) to be

executed by an Internet server.

ASP.NET is a Microsoft Technology

ASP stands for Active Server Pages

ASP.NET is a program that runs inside IIS

IIS (Internet Information Services) is Microsoft's Internet server

IIS comes as a free component with Windows servers

IIS is also a part of Windows 2000 and XP Professional

WHAT IS AN ASP.NET FILE?

An ASP.NET file is just the same as an HTML file

An ASP.NET file can contain HTML, XML, and scripts

Scripts in an ASP.NET file are executed on the server

An ASP.NET file has the file extension ".aspx.

HOW DOES ASP.NET WORKS?

When a browser requests an HTML file, the server returns the file

When a browser requests an ASP.NET file, IIS passes the request to the ASP.NET engine on

the server

The ASP.NET engine reads the file, line by line, and executes the scripts in the file

Finally, the ASP.NET file is returned to the browser as plain HTML

NEW IN ASP.NET

Better language support

Programmable controls

Event-driven programming

XML-based components

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User authentication, with accounts and roles

Higher scalability

Increased performance - Compiled code

Easier configuration and deployment

Not fully ASP compatible

LANGUAGE SUPPORTS

ASP.NET uses ADO.NET.

ASP.NET supports full Visual Basic, not VBScript.

ASP.NET supports C# (C sharp) and C++.

ASP.NET supports JScript.

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SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

System Development Life Cycle

PHASES:

1. Initiation Phase

The initiation of a system (or project) begins when a business need or opportunity is identified. A

Project Manager should be appointed to manage the project. This business need is documented in aConcept Proposal. After the Concept Proposal is approved, the System Concept Development Phase

begins.

2. System Concept Development Phase

Once a business need is approved, the approaches for accomplishing the concept are reviewed for

feasibility and appropriateness. The Systems Boundary Document identifies the scope of the system

and requires Senior Official approval and funding before beginning the Planning Phase.

3. Planning Phase

The concept is further developed to describe how the business will operate once the approved system

is implemented, and to assess how the system will impact the administrator and user privacy. To

ensure the products and /or services provide the required capability on-time and within budget, and

reviews are defined. Additionally, security certification and accreditation activities begin with the

identification of system security requirements and the completion of a high level vulnerability

assessment.

4. Requirements Analysis Phase

Functional user requirements are formally defined and delineate the requirements in terms of data,

system performance, security, and maintainability requirements for the system. All requirements are

defined to a level of detail sufficient for systems design to proceed. All requirements need to be

measurable and testable and relate to the business need or opportunity identified in the Initiation

Phase.

5. Design Phase

The physical characteristics of the system are designed during this phase. The operating environment

is established, major subsystems and their inputs and outputs are defined, and processes are allocated

to resources. Everything requiring user input or approval must be documented and reviewed by the

user. Each subsystem is partitioned into one or more design units or modules. Detailed logic

specifications are prepared for each software module.

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6. Development Phase

The detailed specifications produced during the design phase are translated into hardware,

communications, and executable software. Software shall be unit tested, integrated, and retested in a

systematic manner. Hardware is assembled and tested.

7. Integration and Test Phase

The various components of the system are integrated and systematically tested. The user tests the

system to ensure that the functional requirements, as defined in the functional requirements

document, are satisfied by the developed or modified system. Prior to installing and operating the

system in a production environment, the system must undergo certification and accreditation

activities.

8. Implementation Phase

The system or system modifications are installed and made operational in a production environment.The phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the user. This phase continues

until the system is operating in production in accordance with the defined user requirements.

9. Operations and Maintenance Phase

The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued performance in accordance

with user requirements, and needed system modifications are incorporated. The operational system is

periodically assessed through In-Process Reviews to determine how the system can be made more

efficient and effective. Operations continue as long as the system can be effectively adapted to

respond to an organizations needs. When modifications or changes are identified as necessary, the

system may reenter the planning phase.

10. Disposition Phase

The disposition activities ensure the orderly termination of the system and preserve the vital

information about the system so that some or all of the information may be reactivated in the future

if necessary. Particular emphasis is given to proper preservation of the data processed by the system,

so that the data is effectively migrated to another system or archived in accordance with applicable

records management regulations and policies, for potential future access.

SDLC Objectives:

The specific objectives expected include the following:

To reduce the risk of project failure

To consider system and data requirements throughout the entire life of the system

To identify technical and management issues early

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To disclose all life cycle costs to guide business decisions.

To provide information to better balance programmatic, technical, management, and cost

aspects of proposed system development or modification

To encourage periodic evaluations to identify systems that are no longer effective

To measure progress and status for effective corrective action

To support effective resource management and budget planning

To consider meeting current and future business requirements

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SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

INTRODUCTION:-

Purpose:-

The purpose of this document is to describe the E-Address Book which is a web based

address book to assist end user maintain their friends records over the network.

References: -

An integrated approach to software engineering, second edition by Pankaj Jalote.

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS :-

External Interface Requirements:-

User Interfaces:-

The system shall provide a help (explanation) link from each displayed page to

explain how to use that page.

The page of CL shall permit complete navigation, course selection, hostel

reservation and fees information query view using keyboard and mouse

combinations.

Hardware Interfaces:-

The web portal can be made to interact with specific hardware if required so. Screen

format of the software can be set according to user requirement basically.

Input Device:

Keyboard

Mouse

Output Device:

Monitor

Printer

System Requirements:

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RAM 2GB

Display Super VGA or above

Hard disk 1.5 GB installation

2GB MSDN Library documentation

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TESTING

Testing is the process of running a system with the intention of finding errors.

Testing enhances the integrity of a system by detecting deviations in design and errors in the

system.

Testing aims at detecting error-prone areas. This helps in the prevention of errors in a system.

Testing also add value to the product by confirming to the user requirements.

CAUSES OF ERRORS

The most causes of errors in a software system are:

Communications gap between the developer and the business decision maker:

A communication gap between the developer and the business decision maker is normally

due to subtle differences between them. The differences can be classified into five broad

areas: Thought process, Background and Experience, Interest, priorities, language.

Time provided to a developer to complete the project:

A common source of errors in projects comes from time constraints in delivering a product.

To keep to the schedule, features can be cut. To keep the features, the schedule can be

slipped. Failing to adjust the feature set or schedule when problems are discovered can lead

to rushed work and flawed systems.

Over commitment by the developer:

High enthusiasm can lead to over commitment by the developer .In these situations,

developer are usually unable to adhere to deadlines or quality due to lack of resources or

required skills on the team.

Insufficient testing and quality control:

Insufficient testing is also a major source of breakdown of e-commerce systems during

operations, as testing must be done during all phases of development.

Inadequate requirements gathering:A short time to market results in developers starting work on the web site development

without truly understanding the business and technical requirements. Also, developers may

understand client-side scripts using language that may not work on some client browsers.

Keeping pace with the fast changing Technology:

New technologies are constantly introduced. There may not be adequate time to develop

expertise in the new technologies. This is a problem for two reasons. First, the technology

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may not be properly implemented. Second, the technology may not integrate well with the

existing environment.

TESTING PRINCIPLES

To discovers as yet undiscovered errors. All tests should be traceable to customers requirement.

Tests should be planned long before the testing actually begins.

Testing should begin in the small & progress towards testing in the large.

To be most effective training should be conducted by an independent. Third party.

TESTING OBJECTIVES

Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors.

A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error.

A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error.

KINDS OF TESTING

Black Box Testing

Not based on any knowledge of internal designs or code. Tests are based on requirements and

functionality.

White Box Testing

Based on the knowledge of internal logic of an applications code. Tests are based on coverage of

code statements, branches, paths and statements.

Unit Testing

The most micro scale of testing to test particular functions and code modules. Typically done

by the programmer and not by the testers, as it requires detailed knowledge of the internal

program design and code.

Integration Testing

Testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly. The

parts can be code modules, individual applications, clients and server applications on a

network, etc. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/ server and distributed systems.

Functional Testing

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Black-Box type testing geared to functional requirements of an application; testers should do this

type of testing. This doesnt mean that the programmers shouldnt check that their code works

before releasing it.

System Testing

Black-Box type testing that is based on overall requirements specifications; covers all combined

parts of the system.

Regression Testing

Re-testing after fixes or modifications of the software or its environment. It is difficult to

determine how much re-testing is needed, especially near the end of the development cycle.

Automated testing tools can be especially useful for this type of testing.

Acceptance Testing

Final testing based on the specifications of the end user or customer or based on use by end-

users/ customers over some limited period of time

User Acceptance Testing

Determining if software is satisfactory to an end user customer.

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Tables list used in the E-Address Book project

UserTable

Registration

Add Friend

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Stored procedure list used in the E-Address Book project

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DeleteAddFriend

FindAddFriend

FindRegistration

GetMaxRegistrationId

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InsertAddFriend

LoginCheck

InsertUserTable

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InsertRegistration

SearchByEmail

SearchByFirstName

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SearchByLastName

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SearchByMobile

UpdateAddFriend

HOME PAGE

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REGISTRATION PAGE

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LOGIN PAGE

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WELCOME MEMBER PAGE

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ADD FRIEND PAGE

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SHOW FRIENDS PAGE (BEFORE UPDATION)

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UPDATE FRIEND PAGE(UPDATE EMAIL-ID)

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SHOW FRIENDS PAGE (AFTER UPDATION)

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SEARCH PAGE

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DETAILED FRIEND PAGE

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Conclusion

The E-Address Book is developed using ASP.Net and sql fully meets the objectives of the system

for which it has been developed. The system has reached a steady state where all bugs have been

eliminated. The system is operated at a high level of efficiency and all the teachers and userassociated with the system understands its advantage. The system solves the problem. It was

intended to solve as requirement specification.

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Future Scope

Scope of this project is very broad in terms of E-Address

Few of them are:-

This can be used in personnel as well as in corporate world.

Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application(user location doesnt

matter).

No restriction that user has to be present when the user wants to know the details .

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Documents

E AddressBookProjectReport