Visit Eurocord 7-1-2010

Dyneema®, the world’s strongest fiber™

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The strongest fiber in the world

ü  15 times stronger than steel

ü  Lighter than water

ü  Extremely durable

So it can:

ü  Stop bullets

ü  Pull oil tankers

ü  Help to sail around the world in 50 days

Dyneema®, the world’s strongest fiber™

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Applications with Dyneema®

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Applications with Dyneema®

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The basics

Dyneema is a fiber made from Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

Normal Polyethylene, low orientation, low molecular weight, crystalinity < 60%

Dyneema®, very high molecular orientation and weigth, crystalinity approximately 95%

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Dyneema® Gel Spinning process

suspension UHMW-PE

continuous extrusion

metering pump

spinneret oven

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Some yarn basics How is Dyneema yarn build up? •  Yarn consists our of multiple filaments. •  The amount and diameter of the filaments determine the diameter of the yarn. •  The diameter of filaments of Dyneema® grades is between 9 and 30 µm.

What does dtex mean? •  Dtex is a measure for fiber weight (thickness) and is defined as dtex = gram / 10.000m •  The dtex of Dyneema® fibers range between

–  55 dtex (=25x monofilaments of 2,2 dtex each) –  2640 dtex (=780x monofilaments of 2.2dtex each)

What is a yarn construction? •  Multiple yarns can be combined into a construction - linear (like a rope) or 3D (like a

shape). •  Variables: grade, dtex, textile process (braiding, weaving, knitting, …), stitch density, … •  Various pre- and post treatment options have been developed by DSM Dyneema •  Every specific construction has specific mechanical characteristics => opportunity to tailor! •  EuroFibers helps to translate your mechanical needs into specific constructions.

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Microscopic view of a braid made of 16 yarns, each yarn consisting of about 100 filaments

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Typical properties of Dyneema®

Extremely strong

Soft as silk

High fatigue resistance

Low density

High abrasion resistance

High chemical resistance

Low melting point (~150°C)

Creeps under constant load

Cut and tear resistance

High pliability

Low coefficient of friction

Electrical insulator

Hydrophobic

Low elongation

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Conventional Fibers Vs. Performance Fibers

PES • Dacron®

• Diolen®

• Trevira®

• No brand name

HMPE • Dyneema®

• Spectra®

Aramid • Kevlar®

• Twaron®

• Technora®

• Nomex®

PA • Nylon®

• Enkalon®

• Perlon®

• No brand name

PBO • Zylon®

LCP • Vectran®

Conventional fibers

High performance fibers

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There is a big difference in tenacity of fibers…

* Tested according to ISO 2062 ** Literature value

Dyneema® Zylon®

Diolen®

Technora®

Steel* 25 Km 77 Km

227 Km

346 Km 349 Km

247 Km Twaron® 200 Km

Vectran®

Free breaking length

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…as well as in the elongation of materials

5X

Diolen®Twaron®

Technora® Zylon®Dyneema®Vectran®

12%

3,1%4,0%

3,3% 2,8%3,5%

Elongation at break* Synthetic fibers tested according to ISO 2062

** Literature value

Steel**

3,0%

* Literature value

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Dyneema® is the only floating fiber

Floats

Sinks

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Spec

ific

grav

ity*

g/cm

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* Literature values

Diolen ® (PES) Twaron ® (Aramid) Technora Vectran ® (LCP) Zylon ® (PBO) Dyneema ® (HMPE)

Steel

® (Aramid)

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Aging of pure fibers differs quite a bit

*Aged according to ASTM G–155

*Tested according to ISO 2062

% original strength retained after aging 336 hrs*

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Diolen ® (PES) Twaron ® (Aramid) Technora ® (Aramid)

Vectran ® (LCP) Zylon ® (PBO)

Dyneema ® (HMPE)

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Cut resistance

Polyethylene cables flatten when placed under tension. This property makes the fiber highly cut resistant.

Dyneema® filament stretched over the edge of a razorblade (SEM)

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Abrasion resistance

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10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

nr. o

f cyc

les

to b

reak

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10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

nr. o

f cyc

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to b

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Test on emery paper @ 25 ° C*

*Tested at “ Staatliches Pruefamt fuer das Textilgewerbe ” M ü nchberg

Diolen ® (PES) Twaron ® (Aramid) Technora Vectran ® (LCP) Zylon ® (PBO) Dyneema ® (HMPE)

® (Aramid)

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Bending of an LCP filament

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Bending of an aramid filament

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Bending of a PBO filament

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Bending of a Dyneema® filament

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Comparison of fiber properties

Abrasion

Diolen ® (PES)

Twaron ® ( Aramid )

Technora ® ( Aramid )

Vectran ® (LCP)

Zylon ® (PBO)

Dyneema ® (HMPE) Properties

Tenacity ( cN/dTex )

Elongation (%)

Specific gravity (Kg/dm 3 )

Aging

7,6 19,6 22,3 24,2 33,9 34,2

1,38 1,39 1,39 1,41 1,56 0,97

Very good Very poor Very poor Good Poor Poor

12,3 3,1 4,0 3,3 2,8 3,4

Very good Very good Poor Poor Very poor Very poor

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Overview of titers and grades

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Contact

EuroFibers BV P.O.Box 599 6200 AN Maastricht The Netherlands info@eurofibers.com www.eurofibers.com +31 43 30 40 014