Duwamish Cleanup Report 3-21-13 High Res

7/29/2019 Duwamish Cleanup Report 3-21-13 High Res

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Linn Gould, Just Health Action

Principal Investigator

BJ Cummings, Duwamish River Cleanup Coalition/Technical Advisory Group

Project Manager

D U W A M I S H VA L L E Y C U M U L AT I V E H E A LT H

I M P A C T S A N A L Y S I S : S E A T T L E , W A S H I N G T O NPhoto: Paul Joseph Br

Technical Advisor y Group


2/48Duwamish Valley Cumulative Health Impacts Analysis2

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

AN D OCCUPATI ONAL HE ALTH SCIE NC ES

SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEA LTH

University of Washington

Produced by

U N I V E RS I T Y o WASHINGTON

Suggested Citation

G L, C BJ. D V C H I A. S, WA: J H A

D R C C/ A G. M 2013.

Technical Adviso ry Gr oup


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Acknowledgments

R, , Linn Gould, MS,

MPH, P I , J H A. T

BJ Cummings, P M, DRCC/AG , , , .

Paulina Lopez, O S, D R C C/AG, S P

G C R, C B P R

.

Michele Savelle M S GIS & G D .

W :

Morgan Barry, P H-S & K C, , ,

.Shari Cross, S GIS A, W D, K C D N

R P, ZIP E E

.

Juliet DAlessandro, J H A , .

Bill Daniell, MD, MPH, A P, D E & O H S,

S P H, U W, L

G.

Carol Dansereau, , , .

Peter deFur, PD, E S C, .

Richard Gelb, P M L, D O, K C D N

R P, K C.

Marilyn Hair, U W C E E H, E

O C, .

Alicia Moreno, U W S S W,D R C C/AG,

C H P , .

Alberto Rodrguez, P M, D R C C/AG,

.

Cathy Schwartz, U W, .

David Solet, PD, A, P D & E U, P H-S & K C,

C H I A.

Eva Wong, PD, A, P D & E U, P H-S & K C,

P H E .

Michayala Ashley, Rohan Marrero, Daniel Patrick Osincup, U W,

.



Executive Summary

S S D V

S z. T D R C C/

A G (DRCC/AG) E J (EJ) R

EPA C H I A (CHIA)

D V S. C

: , ,

, , , ,

, , , (OEHHA, 2010).

I C EPA , 15

S ZIP . I ; -

; ; ; (OEHHA, 2010).

F , B H/G/S P (ZIP 98108)

. T ,

.., . C, -

( )

S

ZIP . T z

D V .

A , D

, , ZIP

S P G. I

D V K C, D V

, , ,

. G S P 13- ( )

S.

I , D V - - , , , . T

DRCC/AG EPA, W

, L D R S S. I -

, DRCC/AG , , , ; -

- z; -,

D V.


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T S -

, , D V. B

, DRCC/AG EPA D V S

. T :

1. EPA D R S S ;

2. ;

3. .

I ,

D V

S .

T , , S II;

S III; S IV;

S V; S VI; S VII;

S VIII. M , :

..//---.

1 A S S US E P A N P L,

z , C E R, C

L A (CERCLA).


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II. Key Denitions and Relevant EPA Regulations

T . F

,

D V D R S S.

Environmental Justice (EJ): T US E P A (EPA) EJ

, , ,

, ,

, ,

. EPA

-

z -

, , (://..//).

I W S, EJ Governors 2012

State Policy Action Plan to Eliminate Health Disparities , , ,

, ,

, , , , . E

-

, , , ,

, z (G I C

H D, D 2012).

Environmental Justice Executive Order 12898: I 1994, Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions to

Address Environmental Justice in Minority and Low-Income Populations P

C. T O

, ,

, ,

- T O , :

(1)

- ; (2) ; (3)

- -; (4)

- (EOP, 1994).

Plan EJ 2014: I EJ EPA

EPA A L J. I 20 EJ E

O, EPA P EJ 2014. T P :

Environmental justice

addresses the disproportionate

environmental risks borne by

low-income communities and

communities o color



1. ;

2. ;

3. , , , z

.

T :

(1) ; (2)

EPA ; (3) ;

(4) - ; (5) -

(EPA, S 2011).

L, R 10 P EJ 2014 EPA Region 10s Approach or

Implementing Administrator Jacksons Seven Priorities: FY 201115, EJ S P

(EPA, N 2011). G R 10 EJ S P :

1. , , ,

- ;

2. , , ,

, , , R 10;

3.

.

Photo:BJCummings


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W S , P EJ 2014 Legal Tools

EPA

(EPA, D 2011). F, EPA

EJ , -

. T : ,

,

(EPA, O 2012).

Environmental Justice Gap: R -

/ -

,

, /

- .

Cumulative Impacts: T EJ E O

EJ ,

(EOP, 1994). W

D R S

S, D V,

. C

: ,

, , , ,

, , , (OEHHA, 2010). T O : ,

(EOP, 1994).

Health disparity vs. health inequity: A ( ) -

, / ,

,

(B, 2006). I , -

, , (W, 1992). A

, (US D

H H S, O M H, 2010).

A P EJ 2014 EJ EO 12898, EPA

, , .

Achieving health equity

means the elimination o

disparities and valuing

everyone equally with

ocused and ongoing societal

eorts to addressavoidable inequalities.



III. Cumulative Impacts Analysis Method

CUMULATIVEI

MPACTS:

BUILDINGASC

IENTIFIC

FOUNDATION

December201

0

LindaS.Adam

s,Secretary

CaliforniaEnv

ironmentalProt

ectionAgency

JoanE.Denton

,Ph.D.,Directo

r

OfficeofEnvir

onmentalHea

lthHazardAss

essment

A 23 -

, W S (P-S, 2012). A

- , US EP A (EPA)

,

, ,

. T D V C H I A

(CHIA) C EPA (C EPA) , -

, (OEHHA, 2010). F ---

, C C

I: B S F (OEHHA, 2010).

T C EPA ( ),

.

T C EPA

(OEHHA, 2010). F -

, 13

-

.

F 110, -

Component Defnition Ranking Score

Socioeconomic actors Community characteristics that result in 13

increased vulnerability to pollutants

Sensitive populations Populations with traits that may magniy 13

the efects o pollutant exposures

Environmental exposures Contact with pollution 110

Environmental efects Adverse built environment conditions 15

Public health efects Disease and other heath conditions 15


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(.., ). E

- 15

, /

.

T ,

15 . I

, ,

:

Cumulative Impact = (Socioeconomic actors + Sensitive populations) x

(Environmental exposures + Environmental efects + Public health efects)

U , 6

120. H . T -

EPA, , , -.

T CHIA D

V, S , S

. T Z I

P (ZIP) , . S ZIP CHIA , F 1 ( 10). T ZIP -

(, , )

S . ZIP , /

, , ,

, , . F, C B P

R (CBPR) , f D

V S

(A B, ). A

D V , , -

CHIA . T S VI.


14/48Seattle Cumulative Health Impacts Analysis10


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Photo:BJCummings

Environmental exposure component (Rank range 110)I (, , ,

, ) . E

, , (.., ) . T

-

, ,

(P-S , 2006). H, ( ) , - /

, ,

(., ), (.., ) (OEHHA, 2010).

Selected Indicators

Concentrationofdieselparticulatematerinair(Figure8,page20)

Concentrationofbenzeneinair(Figure9,page21)

Numberandseverityofconrmedandsuspectedcontaminatedsites(Figure10,page22)

Environmental efects component (Rank range 15)W ,

(://..//.). I

, , , D V C

Certain populations are

more vulnerable topollution because o

their age, pre-existing

conditions, and/or

cultural practices.


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B P R (CBPR) ( A B)

, , .

Selected Indicators Amountofforestcanopy(Figure11,page24)

Amountofparkareaperresident(Figure12,page25) NumberofToxicReleaseInventorysites(Figure13,page26)2

Public health component (Rank range 15)H U S

(CDC, 2011; G I C

H D, 2012). N

CBPR .

Selected Indicators Heartdisease(Figure14,page27)

Childhoodasthma(Figure15,page28)

Lungcancer(Figure16,page29)

Where you live

aects your

health

Photo:PaulJosephBrown

2 R I (RI) EPA .


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V. Cumulative Impacts Analysis Results

D ,

,

F 216 2 ( 31). I , . F ,

(R 13) 98108 ZIP (B H/G/S P),

, 200% , -

3. T 3 (3+3+3=9) , 98108 ZIP

3 ( 2, 31). I 2,

F 217: ,

, . F ,

, , 98108 ZIP 3

, 1 .

Social Vulnerability

Socioeconomic Factors component (Rank range 13)

B 13, 2 3 ZIP (98108, B H/G/S

P; 98144, C D; 98178, R B)

3 (N ; P 200%

; P - ).

Photo:AidenDufy


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Table2.Cumu

lativeHealthImpactsAnalysis,byZIP

code,Seattle,Washington(colorsco

rrespondtocolorkeysinFigures217)

98108

98144

98178

98106

98122

98102

98107

98105

98116

98199

BeaconHill/

S.Central

Rainier

White

N.Central

Eastlake

Ballard

Univers

ity

Alki

Magnolia

Georgetown/

District/

Beach

Center/

District/

District/

Com

ponent

Indicator

SouthPark

Mt.Baker

Delridge

Madrona

Laurelhurst

www.justhealthaction.org

Nocollegeeducation(%)

3

3

3

3

2

1

2

1

2

1

Socioeconomic

Below200%povertylevel(%)

3

3

3

2

3

2

1

3

1

1

Factors

Non-whiteminoritypopulation(%)

3

3

3

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

(Rank13)

Adultswithnohealthinsurance(%)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Adultswithnoleisuretime(%)*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Average

3

3

3

2

2

1

1

2

1

1

Childrenunder5years(%)

3

3

3

3

2

1

2

1

2

2

Sensitive

Elderly65yearsandolder(%)

3

3

3

1

1

1

2

1

3

3

Populations

Foreignborn(%)

3

2

3

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

(Rank13)

Average

3

3

3

2

1

1

2

1

2

2

Social

SUM(Socioeconomic+

6

6

6

4

4

2

3

3

3

3

Vulnerability

SensitivePopulations)

Dieselparticulatematter

10

6

3

5

6

10

1

4

2

1

Environmental

(ug/m3annualaverage)

Exposures

Benzene(ug/m3annualaverage)

9

7

1

2

5

10

1

3

2

1

(Rank110)

Conrmedandsuspected

10

2

1

4

3

2

3

2

1

2

contaminatedsites(ISIS)

Average

10

5

2

4

5

7

2

3

2

1

Environmental

Treecanopy(%)

5

4

4

4

2

5

5

2

2

1

Eects

Parkareaperresident

4

4

5

3

5

5

5

5

5

1

(Rank15)

Numberotoxicreleaseinventorysites

5

2

1

3

1

2

4

1

1

2

Average

5

3

3

3

3

4

5

3

3

1

Liveexpectancyatbirth(years)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Adultsoverweightorobese(%)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Heatdiseasedeathrateper100,000

2

2

3

4

5

1

3

1

2

2

PublicHealth

Strokedeathrateper100,000

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Eects

Adultsdoctor-diagnoseddiabetes(%)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

(Rank15)

Adultshypertension(%)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Childhood(0-17)asthma

5

5

2

4

4

2

2

5

1

1

hospitalizationrateper100,000

Adultcigarettesmokers(%)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Lungcancerdeathrateper100,000

3

3

5

3

4

1

4

1

1

2

Average

3

3

3

4

4

1

3

2

1

2

Environmental

SUM(EnvironmentalExposures+

1

8

12

8

11

12

13

9

8

6

4

Vulnerability

EnvironmentEfects+

PublicHealthEfects)

CUMULATIVE

(SocialVulnerabilityx

10

6

66

50

46

43

30

28

21

19

13

IMPACTSCORE

EnvironmentalVulnerability)

*T

esein

dicatorswereevaluatedandcanb

eviewedinA

ppendixA

.


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Photo:CarlSimpson

Cumulative ImpactsT S ZIP 3 ( 34) F 17 ( 35).

Cumulative Impact = (Socioeconomic actors + Sensitive populations) x

(Environmental exposures + Environmental efects + Public health efects)

I 6 120, 106 ZIP

98108 (B H/G/S P). T

S. S C D/M.

B (98144), 66. R B (98106), W C/D

(98106), N C D/M (98122) - 50, 46, 43,

. E (98102), B (98107), U D/L (98105), A (98116),

M (98199) 30, 28, 21, 19, 13,

.


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Duwamish Valley

residents are more

likely to be

hospitalied or

asthma than King

County residents

overall.

Photo:PaulJosephBrown

D V K C . W z 100,000,

D V z K C

( 18 [240.4 . 143.4] [83.4 . 53.6]) z (70.9 . 31). I ,

(W , 2004).

L , f ,

D V, K C (79.4 . 81.5).

Georgetown and South ParkT G S P

5,160 (2010 C) (109 112). H

G S P 98108 ZIP .

F , (F 14, 27) 98108 ZIP

- (2) ZIP ,



S P G

. H S P G

20062010 202.9 100,000, CHIA (171188).

R 98108 80.8 ,

3, (80.782.6 ),

S K C . H,

G S P,

73.3 , S K

C 81.5. A, G S P

f S -

, L, 98105 ZIP . L L 86.4 , 13

G S P .

Lie expectancy inLaurelhurst is . years, a

ull years longer than

or Georgetown and South

Park residents.

Photo:JoeMabel/wikip

edia.com


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T D V C H I A (CHIA)

S 98018 ZIP (B H/G/S P) -

S.T

, , ,

, . W

, 98108 ZIP ZIP

. A , D V

S P G , , -

ZIP -

S P G. T z D

V , E J G. I

, D V - -

, , , .

T D R C C/

A G, US E P A (EPA) C A

G D R S S, EPA, W , -

,

, . I , DRCC/AG

, , , ; - -

z; -, D V.

VIII. Conclusions and Next Steps

Photo:PaulJosephBrowns


45/4841March 2013

he Duwamish Valley

merits attention

rom decision-makers

regarding health

protective and

proactive

environmental

regulations,

policies, practices,

and actions.

Pho

to:PaulJosephBrown


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P-S D, L GC. N E H M -

: S D E H. Environmental Research 2006;

102:154-171.P-S D, A, W J, R A, D E, Dz H. A R S-

. Environmen-

tal Justice 2012; 5(4)173187.

US D H H S, O M H. N P

A E H D. T N P A Df F 17, 2010.

C 1: I. A : ://...///.

?=1&=34, A F 4, 2013.

W M. 1992. T , Int. J. Health Serv. 22:42945.

W RJ, M H, V CM, C S, S J, E R, G DR. C V

A M: T I-C A S,American Journal o Public Health A 2004; 94,

4, 625.


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Duwamish Cleanup Report 3-21-13 High Res