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Dutch management of radioactive waste

License application

by

Jeroen Welbergen

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Content

• Management in practice

• License application

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COVRA site

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Waste treatment building (AVG)

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LLW treatment

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Solid waste

Counting vials

Carcasses

Liquid waste

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Storage building for LILW (LOG)

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LOG

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High level waste treatment and storage building (HABOG)

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HLW in HABOG

Recycling

Uranium,

Plutonium

waste

1010

Content

• Management in practice

– LILW, NORM and HLW

• License application

– Safety Assessment

– Environmental impact assessment

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present situation

LOG

AVGKG

HABOGCOG

VOG

KG = office building

AVG= treatment building

LOG= LILW storage building

HABOG = HLW treatment & storage building

VOG =depleted Uranium building

COG = container(NORM) building

Purpose license revision

• New desired situation compared to licensed situation due to:

– extension HLW treatment & storage building (HABOG +)

• life extension NPP (Borssele)

– Extension DUO storage building (VOG2)

• continuing enrichment of Uranium-235 (Urenco)

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HABOG+

Vitrified waste in CSDV containers

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VOG 2

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1616

U3O8 in DV-70 containers

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Desired capacity

License (revision)

December 2011

January 2015

September 2015

February 2014

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Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)

• Insight expansion plans

• Effects to environment

– Radiological (SR)

– Non-radiological

• Stakeholders participation

• Underpinning arguments

– positive decisions of requested HABOG+ & VOG2

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Starting point EIA

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alternatives

• Reference situation is current situation

– with environmental impacts.

• 1st alternative

– HABOG+ 2 modules for heat-producing waste

– VOG2 in South-East corner (preferred alternative)

• 2nd alternative

– HABOG+ 2 module for heat-producing waste

– VOG2 in North-West corner

Reference situation

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1st alternative (preferred option)

2e alternative

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Policy and assessment framework

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Aspects in Safety assessment

The fundamental element of the safety assessment is the assessment of the radiological impact on humans and the environment in terms of both radiation dose and radiation risks

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Safety Assessment Report (SAR)

• shall include:

– Testing of initial ideas for safety concepts;

– Site or location selection;

– Demonstration of the safety of the facility;

– Optimization of the facility design;

– Evaluation of clearance and discharge;

– Safety Impact Assessment;

• operational maximum inventory of waste

– Definition of operational limits & controls;

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Pathways of exposure

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Points of emissionduring normal operations

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Disharge of wastewaterduring normal operation

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ActivityEmissions to air during normal operations (LILW)

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Contour plots of maximum individual dose (nSv/yr) outside the industrial zone due to maximum disharge to air from LILW building

The maximum individual dose at the fench of COVRA = ~ 270 nSv/year.

ActivityEmissions to air during normal operations (HLW)

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Contour plot of maximum individual dose (nSv/y) outside the industrial zone due to maximum discharge to air from the HLW building

The maximum individual dose at the fench of COVRA~ 0,1 nSv/year

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Emergency situation

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• e.g. airplane crash + intens kerosine fire

Legal Requirementsindividual dose

Frequency of event per year Maximum allowable Effective dose

Persons ≤ 16 year Persons < 16 year

F ≥ 10-1 0,1 mSv 0,04 mSv

10-1 > F ≥ 10-2 1 mSv 0,4 mSv

10-2 > F ≥ 10-4 10 mSv 4 mSv

10-4 > F ≥ 10-6 100 mSv 40 mSv

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Legal Requirementsgroup risk

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1,0,E-09

1,0,E-08

1,0,E-07

1,0,E-06

1,0,E-05

10 100 1000

Fre

qu

ency

pe

r ye

ar

Maximum acute deads

Events

• Anticipated operational occurrences

• Design Basic Accident (DBA)• P > E-6

• Beyond Design Basic Accident (BDBA)• P < E-6

• Source term

• Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA-3) • NUDOS2, MACCS, COSYMA, CONDOR

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Plane crash

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Beyond Design Basis Accidents (BDBA)

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contourplots

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Persons > 16 year) Kids < 1 jaar

SAR is part of license application

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• License application (7th of Feb. 2014)

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Draft license

• The draft license was issued 25/09/2014 for public hearing

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Extension of public consultation

• Extension of period for public consultation to 24/12/2014

• 130 views submitted

– 81 from Netherlands

– 48 from Germany

– 1 from Austria

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Cie EIA

• On 30/12/2014 the Commission (Cie EIA) considered that the EIA contains the essential information to take a decision about the revision of the license in which the environment is taken full into account!

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LICENSE !

• On 7th of January 2015: I (the Minister) have found that the implementation of the proposed changes to the décor is justified and that the planned expansion of the HABOG+ and VOG2 is to be built in a responsible and safe manner !

• However: final decision is by State Council on 8th of September 2015

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Appeal of LAKA at State Counsil

• Verdict of State Council is 6 weeks after appeal:

20 October 2015

?

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