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Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus
ESAT 4001
Diabetes
• Type I• Type II
Management of Diabetes
• Glucose monitoring• Diet and Exercise
Insulin Administration
• Synthesized from recombinant DNA
• Absorption rate tied to injection site– Recommended that
injection site remain same day to day• Controls insulin
reactions
• Avoid injecting into exercising muscles– Abdomen works well
in exercising population
Insulin Storage and Inspection
• Room temperature– Refrigerated after opened and not in
use
• Visually inspect prior to use– Clumping, frosting, precipitation, or
color changes may = loss of potency
Insulin Injection Devices
• Syringe• Insulin pump• Prefilled insulin pen
Insulin Types
• Rapid-acting• Short-acting• Intermediate-acting• Long-acting
Insulin Types and Actions
Adverse Effects
• Hypoglycemia• Diabetic Ketoacidosis• Lipohypertrophy• Lipoatrophy• Local skin reaction
Oral Antidiabetic Agents
• Type II diabetes• Exercise and diet changes first• Used if lifestyle modifications fail
Oral Antidiabetic Agents