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Drug Endangered Childrenand Drug Identification
What is a drug endangered child?
A child who lives in a place with no heat
A child who smokes pot with his parents
A child left alone with no supervision
A child in need of medical attention
Drug Endangered Children
Children who suffer physical or psychological harm or neglect resulting from exposure to an environment where adults are manufacturing, selling, or using drugs.
Neglected & Abused Children
50% more likely to be arrested as juveniles
40% more likely to be arrested for a violent crime as adults
33% more likely to become substance abusers
US Department of Justice
Drugs of Abuse
Most Commonly Abused Drug
Legal Drug
Commonly Abused Drugs
Marijuana
Commonly Abused Drugs
Methamphetamine
Commonly Abused Drugs
Prescription Drugs
Commonly Abused Drugs
Cocaine
Drugs Of Abuse
Heroin
Drugs Of Abuse
MDMA (Ecstasy)
Drugs Of Abuse
GHB
Drugs Of Abuse
LSD
Drugs Of Abuse
Inhalants
Drugs Of Abuse
Dextromathorithan
Drugs of Abuse
Fentanyl
Drug Schedules Schedule I
Heroin, Ecstasy, Marijuana , LSD, Rohypnol
Schedule IICocaine, Ritalin, PCP, Fentanyl, OxyContin, Percocet, Morphine, Methamphetamine
Schedule IIIKetamine, Vicodine, Loritab, Tylenol 3
Schedule IVXanax, Librium, Valium, Phenobarbital, Darvocet
Schedule VCough suppressants
MarijuanaThe most commonly
abused illicit drug in the U.S.
A dry, shredded green/brown mix of flowers, stems, seeds, and leaves.
Is a schedule I drug under the controlled substance act.
Smuggled in from Mexico and Canada.
Domestically grown.
Grass, Pot, Weed, Bud,
Reefer, Cannabis
Marijuana
Short term effects
– Increased heart rate– Loss of coordination– Difficulty in thinking
and problem solving– Distorted perception– Time passes slowly– Anxiety and panic
attacks– Dry mouth
Long term effects
– Respiratory problems (cough and phlegm)
– Symptoms of chronic bronchitis
– Difficulty in registering, processing and using information
– Difficulty sustaining attention
What to look for . . .
Prescription Drug Abuse
The DEA calls this pharmaceutical diversion
20% of the U.S. population have used prescription drugs for non-medical reasons in their lifetime.
How is it done?1. Illegal sale and
distribution by health care professionals and worker
2. “Doctor shopping”3. Employee theft4. Forged
prescriptions5. Internet
Three classes of most commonly abused prescription drugs
Opioids are prescribed to treat pain (OxyContin)
CNS depressants are prescribed to treat anxiety and sleep disorders (Valium)
Stimulants – are prescribed to treat narcolepsy and ADHD (Ritalin)
Prescription Drug Abuse
What are the brand names of some of these drugs?Painkillers: Vicodin, Tylenol w/ Codeine,
OxyContin, Percocet
Depressants: Klonopin Nembutal, Soma, Valium, Xanax
Stimulants: Adderall, Concerta, Dexedrine, Ritalin
OTC’s Coricidin HBP Cough and Cold, Robitussin, Vicks Formula 44 Cough Relief
Pharm Party
At a “pharm party,” teens share and mix various prescription medications, especially painkillers (OxyContin and Vicodin); tranquilizers (Xanax and Valium), stimulants (Ritalin and adderall); and sedatives.
Alcohol is often added to the “cocktail,” increasing the danger.
What to look for . . . .
Constricted pupils, slurred speech, flushed skin, sweating, and loss of appetite
Personality changes, moods swings, irritability, sleepiness or avoiding sleep, forgetfulness
Increasingly secretive, losing interest in personal appearance, changes at school
Cocaine Cocaine is a naturally
derived central nervous system stimulant extracted and refined from the Coca plant
It is an intense euphoric drug with strong addictive potential
Cocaine is typically a white-ish powder with a bitter, numbing taste.
Is a schedule II drug under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970.
Coke, Flake, Snow, Crack, Nose Candy
CocaineThe powdered,
hydrochloride salt form of cocaine can be snorted or dissolved in water and injected.
Crack is the free base form of cocaine. It is not water soluble, but volatile. This form comes in a rock crystal that can be heated and its vapors smoked.
CocaineInitial effects: Hyperactivity Restlessness Increased blood
pressure Increased heart rate
Short term effects: Increased focus Excitation Euphoria Sexual arousal Insomnia Decreased appetite
Negative effects: Increased body
temperature and heart rate
Agitation and anxiety Paranoia Dizziness Nausea/vomiting Violent behavior Increased risk for
heart attacks Strokes Respiratory problems
What to look for . . .
Heroin Heroin is processed from
morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the seedpod of the Asian poppy plant.
Heroin usually appears as a white or a brown powder
Is a schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. Smack, Thunder, Junk,
Mexican black tar
Heroin withdrawalDrug cravingRestlessnessMuscle and bone
pain InsomniaDiarrheaVomitingCold flashes with
goose bumps (cold turkey)
Kicking movements (kicking the habit)
Heroin Treatment
Methadone maintenance treatment programs
Substance abuse counseling
Psychosocial therapies
Supportive services
What is inhalant abuse?
Deliberate inhalation of fumes, vapors or gases to “get high”
Inhalants are poisons to the body
Quick intoxication with serious health consequences.
It’s like a quick drunk. It effects the same receptors that alcohol does.
Who knows about Inhalant Abuse?
Who doesn't know about Inhalant Abuse?
Why do kids abuse inhalants?
Because they can
Because they’re bored
Because they’re upset
In short, for any reason or no reason
They don’t have to have money
They don’t have to have transportation
They don’t have to have the ability to get the drugs
In short, they have access
How it’s Done Sniffing from a container, bag, cans or clothing
Huffing - Inhaling from a chemical soaked rag, open container or balloon
Bagging - Putting a bag over one’s head and huffing
For maximum effect, children inhale deeply and then take several more short breaths
Commonly Product/Potential Inhalants Gases
Nitrous oxide, helium, refrigerants, propane
Solvents and FuelsButane, nail polish remover, paint thinner, correction fluid, permanent markers, gasoline
AerosolsSpray paint, hair spray, air freshener, dust-off
AdhesivesModel airplane glue, rubber cement, PVC cement
FoodsCooking spray, aerosol whipped cream topping
Cleaning AgentsSpot remover, degreaser
Among teens aged 12 to 17, 20.9% used illegal drugs in the past year.
(age) 12-13 14-15 16-17
Inhalants 45.5% 25.1% 12.4%
Painkillers 36.5% 34.2% 35.2%
Marijuana 28.4% 66.2% 81.4%
Other 9.8% 26.3% 34.2%The National Inhalant Prevention Coalition & SAMSHA, 2007
Immediate Effects
DizzinessDisorientationEmotional volatilityLoss of coordinationDistortion of perceptionCognitive impairmentHallucinationsLightheadednessDiminished sensitivity to painSlurred speechLoss of inhibitions
Medical Consequences
Asphyxiation- displacing oxygen in the lungs
Suffocation – blocking air from entering the lungs (bag over head)
Convulsions or seizures – abnormal electrical discharges in the brain
Choking- from inhalation of vomitFatal injury- accidents while highDeath
Inhalant Abuse Emergencies
Remove the source of chemicals from around the nose and mouth
Call 911. Turn person on side to prevent aspiration of vomit
If not breathing, administer CPRVentilate the areaDo not excite, scare, shock, upset
or chase the personTry to identify the inhalant
What to look for:Household cans left in child’s bedroom
or going through an item too fastPain around the mouth or on the
tongueUpset stomach or throwing up with no
know reason foundChange in behaviorPassing outA chemical odorDeath
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine is a synthetic stimulant drug which induces a strong feeling of euphoria (similar to adrenaline) and is highly addictive.
Can be injected, snorted, smoked or taken orally
Is a schedule II drug under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970.
Speed, Meth, Ice, Crystal, Chalk, Crank, Go-Fast
Meth comes in two formsPOWDER
The powder form is usually white, odorless and bitter-tasking, and can be snorted, smoked, eaten, dissolved in a drink and ingested, or heated and injected.
ROCK The purer form of the
drug, called “crystal”, “glass” and “ice” appears as clear, chunky crystals that are usually smoked or injected
What meth does for the user
Repeated use damages the dopamine producing cells in the brain !!!!!!!!!!
What to look for . . . Appearance
Mouth: User may develop “meth mouth” – extreme tooth decay
Skin: Infected sores or “meth bugs” appear and are slow to heal
Body weight: User may experience dramatic weight loss, anorexia, malnutrition
What to look for . . . Behavioral
May act euphoric
– Jittery
– Nervous
– Confused
– ViolentIncessant talkingParanoidErratic sleep
patternsRepetitious
behavior
The meth cycle of abuse
Binge(3-15 days)
Crash(up to 3 days)
High(4–16 hours)
Making methProcess to make meth is easy and accessible. There are several ways of making meth, most of
which require the use of caustic chemicals such as lye, ether, acetone, and phosphorus
The two major methods are the red phosphorous method or the anhydrous ammonia method
Hundreds of recipes on the internetStart with extracting the active ingredient,
ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, from over the counter drugs
Average meth “cook” teaches ten other people how to make meth annually
Indicators of a meth manufacturing:
ChemicalsEphedrine tablets – cold medicineAcetone – finger nail polish removerRed Phosphorus – match striker platesIodine – antiseptic (merthiolate)Sulfuric Acid – drain cleanerHydrochloric acid – concrete cleanerMethyl alcohol/methanol – gas line
antifreeze (heet)Coleman/camp fuel used for extraction
Indicators of a meth manufacturing:
Household equipmentBurner platesCoffee filtersGlass bottlesPlastic jugsPyrex dishesFunnelsAquarium tubingChemical Test
Tubes
If you Suspect a Meth Lab
Remain calm. Give yourself time to think.Do NOT approach the suspects. They are
often armed and may be dangerousDo NOT enter the lab area. If you are in the lab already, find an excuse to
leave immediately. If you are in a lab already, do not touch or turn
off anything.Keep a safe distance. Hazardous materials may
ignite or the fumes may overcome you.Promptly notify law enforcement
Being a good parent is a tough job.
Being a good parent on drugs is impossible
Andrea Darr
WV DEC Coordinator
WV Prosecuting Attorneys Institute
90 MacCorkle Ave., SW
South Charleston, WV 25303
304-558-3348 phone
Many thanks to the Marathon County Sheriff’s Department in Wisconsin for the Making Meth video used in this power point presentation
