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Expanding NOAA's ability to monitor and predict HAB events in western Lake Erie Dr. Timothy Davis

Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

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Page 1: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Expanding NOAA's ability to monitor and predict HABevents in western Lake Erie

Dr. Timothy Davis

Page 2: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

NOAA’s HAB Team

Remote SensingSteve RubergAndrea van der WoudeEt al.

MonitoringDuane GossiauxTom JohengenAshley BurtnerDanna PalladinoRuss MillerHeidi PurcellGreg Doucette

ModelingRichard StumpfEric AndersonDan ObenourGeorge LeshkevichGreg LangTimothy WynneCommunicationsSonia Joseph JoshiJoe SmithQuay DortchMarc Suddleson

Photo: Wikipedia

Page 3: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

NOAA uses an integrated approach to studying HABs

Page 4: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

The forecast uses a 12‐year Lake Erie nutrient flow data set, collected by Heidelberg University’s National Center for Water Quality Research, and analysis of satellite data from the European Space Agency’s ENVISAT and NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites.

NOAA and academic partners predict bloom severity

Page 5: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

2014  HABs  Summary

Average HAB extent in Western L. Erie Basin(derived from MODIS)

2011 892 sq.km

2012 221 sq. km.

2013 676 sq. km

2014 470 sq. km

Bloom forecasts: Stumpf – 38%Obenour – 50%

of the 2011 bloom.

Lake Erie Harmful Algal Bloom Summary

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(MT) Stumpf (NOAA) Bridgeman (UT) Forecast B

Figure: Spring TP loads (A) and western basin bloom observations (B) along with 2014 boom forecast and 95% predictive interval (red). 

Summary:

In July of 2014, researchers from University of Michigan and NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) forecasted a western basin Lake Erie cyanobacteria bloom of 22,000 metric tons dry weight (MT), with a 95% predictive interval of 11,000 to 33,000 MT.  The average observed late‐summer bloom intensity, derived from NOAA remote sensing and University of Toledo field sampling, was approximately 29,000 MT, in general agreement with the forecasted range.

Page 6: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Weekly HAB sampling in Lake Erie• June – October

• Surface water samples

• Ground‐truth for remote sensing (bloom extent, distribution)

• Parameters:• Temperature• Kpar• CHN• SRP• Particulate P• Total P• NO3 + NO2• NH3• Fluorescence

• Chlorophyll• Particulate and 

dissolved microcystins

• Phytoplankton community composition

• Phycocyanin• DNA

Page 7: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Sensors:. Turner C6, Cyclops sensors

. Chlorophyll, Phycocyanin, Turbidity, CDOM

. Wetlabs Cycle ‐PO4

Western Lake Erie Real‐time HABs Monitoring

= Real-time observation station in 2014

Page 8: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Continuous inorganic phosphorus monitoring at WLE 4

Page 9: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Toledo water intake 2014 sampling data

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g

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Total cyanobacteria

Par culate microcys ns

Extracted ph

ycocyanin (μg/L)

Microcystin‐LR equivalents (μg/L)

August 4, 2014

= WHO guideline level for safe drinking water

• The bloom was a typical bloom

• No other cyanotoxins were detected• Cylindrospermopsins and anatoxins have been previously detected in Lake Erie

• No BMAAs were detected or have ever been detected in the Great Lakes

• Highlights the need for more research to further understand the ecology of HABs

Page 10: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

MODISsatellite

estimatesofchlorophyll

valuesforwesternLake

Erie capturingHABs

Remote sensing of HABs in Lake Erie

http://livingbetweenwednesdays.com/?p=486

Page 11: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Lake Erie hydrodynamic forecasts

Nowcast (observed) Forecast (NDFD)

Lake Erie FVCOM (LEOFS)

• Daily nowcast/forecast (120 hrs)

• Hourly currents

• HAB advection

Page 12: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

NOAA‐GLERLHABTracker

Page 13: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

SensitivityofsimulatedHABverticalconcentrationprofilesandtrajectoriesasafunctionofMicrocystis colonybuoyancy

100mm/s

Time:10‐days

Depth,m

Relativeconcentration

100mm/s 10mm/s ‐10mm/sBuoyant(floatingorsinking)velocity

Time:10‐days Time:10‐days

Latitude

Longitude Longitude Longitude

Page 14: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

R. K. Vincent et al., Remote Sensing of Environment, 89 (2004) 381-392.

. Detect blooms near water intakes when satellite remote sensing products unavailable. Airborne Sensor: 400-900 nm, 2.1 nm res. GLRI funds available for 2015. Pursuing MERHAB for 2016-18

HABsFlyovers

Page 15: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

NOAA‐GLERLHABwebpage

Page 16: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino
Page 17: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

CyanobacteriaAssessmentNetwork(CyAN)GettingsatelliteoceancolorcapabilitiesintoU.S.waterqualitymgmtdecisions

collaborationofEPAOfficeofWater;NOAANatlCentersCoastalOceanScience;NASA;USGS

Partners• EPAOfficeofWater

– OfficeofWetlands,Oceans,andWatersheds– OfficeofWastewaterManagement– OfficeofScienceandTechnology

• EPARegions• U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers• States

– OhioEPA– St.JohnsRiverWMD– S.FloridaWMD

GLNPO

Page 18: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

ValidationofLakeEriealgorithmforotherareaswithEPA;startofCyanobacteriaAssessmentNetwork

• RemoteSensing– Uniformandsystematicapproachforidentifyingcyanobacteriablooms.

• Secondderivativespectralshapealgorithms(SS;Wynneetal.2008)

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Measured

MERIS-Derived

Lunetta,Schaeffer,Stumpfetal.RemoteSensingofEnvironment

Page 19: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

NOAA‐ GLERLmicrocystinsdata

Page 20: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Waterqualitydata

Page 21: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Overarching research statement: Understanding the driver of bloom 

toxicity will aid in enhancing predictive models that forecast bloom size, location AND toxicity

Page 22: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Total Microcystis and microcystin

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Total M

icrocystis(x10

7cell eq

uiv. L

‐1)

Microcystin (µg L

‐1)

Total MicrocystisMicrocystin

Page 23: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Toxic and non‐toxic Microcystis

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icrocystis(x10

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icrocystis(x104cell equiv. L

‐1)

Non‐toxic MicrocystisToxic Microcystis

Page 24: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

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Microcystin (µg L

‐1)Toxic Microcystis and microcystin

Toxic Microcystis(x10

4cell eq

uiv. L‐1)

Toxic MicrocystisMicrocystin

Toxic (mcyD‐containing) Microcystis is a better predictor of microcystin concentrations than either of the parameters currently suggested by WHO.

Davis et al., 2009; Harmful Algae

Page 25: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Multiplex qPCR: quantifying multiple genes of interest in a single reaction

Photo: cyanosite

16S rRNAmcyE/ndaFcyrAstxA

Page 26: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Multiplex qPCR: understanding competition among CHAB species in the Great Lakes

• This proposed work would be a continuation of my current grant

• In Lake Erie, cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin, and microcystin have been detected

• The specie(s) responsible for the production of CYN and ATX are currently unknown

• CYN production: Cylindrospermopsis or Aphanizomenon?

• Would significantly enhance models aimed at predicating bloom toxicity

• Conducting mechanistic experiments that would help elucidate the competition between potential cyanotoxin producers

Page 27: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Elucidating ecological adaptions of Great Lakes CHAB species

• Microcystis blooms (Western Basin Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair, Green Bay, Hamilton Harbor) Anabanea blooms (Cleveland area & Western Basin of LE, Bay of Quinte) and Planktothrix blooms in Sandusky Bay

• Isolation of Great Lake HAB species from major bloom‐forming genera

• Controlled laboratory experiments investigating the competition between species under varying environmental conditions

• Further understating the interactive roles of light, nutrients, and temperature on toxin production and community composition

• This would involve investigating the molecular response of these phytoplankton to different environmental variables (light, nutrient, temperature, CO2) on a global level (comparative genomic/transcriptomic studies)

Page 28: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Omics of Great Lakes CHAB species

• Very few Great Lake HAB genomes have been sequenced

• Understanding the global response of HAB species to environmental stressors

• Comparative genomics of toxic and non‐toxic strains

• Laboratory and field experiments aimed at elucidating the transcriptomic response of individual strains and the overall community to changes in the physical and chemical environment

• 13 strains of Great lakes CHAB species sequenced

Page 29: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Autonomous real‐time toxin detection for Lake Erie

• EPA‐GLRI supplemental funds 

• Environmental Sample Processor (ESP; Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute)

• Would be able to track blooms toxicity at a resolution that was previously unattainable with traditional sampling

• Will be referenced against physical, chemical and biological conditions

• Will be extremely valuable in the development of more accurate bloom forecasting models

Photos: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

Page 30: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino
Page 31: Dr. Timothy Davis...Dr. Timothy Davis NOAA’s HAB Team Remote Sensing Steve Ruberg Andrea van der Woude Et al. Monitoring Duane Gossiaux Tom Johengen Ashley Burtner Danna Palladino

Thank you for your attention!

QUESTIONS?