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Salinity build-up
Expansion of greenhouses in
Andalusia in Spain
Pressures on
coastal areas
50-70 % of
population lives
within 60 km from
the coast
Soil Networking in the Mediterranean region
Dr. Pandi Zdruli
International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean
Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM)
Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari
Italy
CIHEAM member countries (www.ciheam.org)
CIHEAM and its Institutes (www.ciheam.org)
Main activities of CIHEAM
• Training
• Research
• Cooperation
• Knowledge Dissemination
Main scientific areas of MAI-B
• Land and Water Resources Management
• Integrated Pest Management
• Mediterranean Organic Agriculture
• Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development in the countries with Mediterranean Climate
EU-funded MEDCOASTLAND THEMATIC NETWORK
MAJOR GOAL
Mediterranean coordination and dissemination of soil conservation
practices to combat land degradation and enhance sustainable use
of natural resources in the Mediterranean region with special
emphases on coastal areas
This goal was achieved through:
• Information Retrieval (3,000 files downloaded)
• Functional Internet-based Knowledge Database and Forum on LD
• Organisation of workshops, publishing proceedings, newsletters
• Laid the foundation for continued collaboration even after the life
time of the project by signing a Memorandum of Understanding
MEDCOASTLAND PROJECT
2002-2007 ICA3-CT-2002-10002
Algeria
Morocco
Tunisia
Lebanon
Egypt Syria Malta
Palestinean
Authority
Turkey
Jordan
Spain
France Italy
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PDM
PA
PR
PR
Co-ordinator CIHEAM-IAMB
Network structure. PR = Researcher, PDM = Decision Maker, PA = Association of land / soil users
MEDCOASTLAND PUBLICATIONS
Adana, Turkey 2-7 June 2003
Marrakech, Morocco 12-16 February 2004
Alexandria, Egypt 9-13 October 2004
Bari, Italy 6-11 September 2005
Malta 13-17 January 2006
Beirut, Lebanon 25-30 June 2006
MEDCOASTLAND PROJECT
2002-2007
Tunis, Tunisia 26-31 may 2007
Main soil degradation factors in the
Mediterranean
• Water and wind erosion
• Soil sealing and urbanisation
• Loss of organic matter and biodiversity decline
• Nutrient mining
• Chemical pollution and contamination
• Floods and landslides
• Salinisation
• Overgrazing and vegetation degradation
Salinity build-up
Expansion of greenhouses in
Andalusia in Spain
< 10,000 ha > 230,000 ha
Total land
Arable land < 10,000 ha > 230,000 ha
Source: Elaborations of MAI B based on FAO 2001 data
Arable land compared against total land per country
Salinity build-up
6 4 %11%
17%
4 %
14 %
3 0 %1%
2 3 %
6 %
15%
13 %
3 5%
2 2 %
6 1%
4 9 %
3 7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Albania
Alger ia
Cyprus
Egypt
France
Greece
Israel
Italy
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Syr ia
Spain
Slovenia
Tunis ia
Turkey
Human Induced Soil Degradation
Source: Oldeman, et.,al 1991 (GLASOD)
Arable land and population trend in the Mediterranean
Arable land per capita in Mediterranean countries
0.48
0.32
0.220.24
0.27
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
1961 1990 2000 2010 2020 years
ha/inhab.
Source: Elaborations of MAI B based on Plan Bleu 2005 data
Arable land and population in Mediterranean countries
120.1 111.9114.5117.3120.2
428
380
477
517
251
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1961 1990 2000 2010 2020
Arable land Population
years
mil
lio
ns
ha
m
ilio
ns
inh
ab
.
Human interventions on the territory Rocky soil Man made soil
Human interventions on the territory
Grape cultivation in man made soils in Apulia, southern Italy
MEDCOASTLAND PROJECT
Management of sloping lands through terracing
INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR ADVANCED MEDITERRANEANAGRONOMIC STUDIES (CIHEAM)
MEDITERRANEAN AGRONOMIC INSTITUTE OF BARI, ITALY
Gender issue
Malta
Morocco Syria
• Complete and update the Euro-Mediterranean Soil Database at 1:1 Million
• Co-ordinate national and regional Georeferenced Soil Databases at scales 1:250,000 and/or larger
• Prepare a Soil Atlas of the Mediterranean
• Establish a Mediterranean Soil Museum
• Organise soil survey summer schools and training courses on field assessment of soil degradation and application of soil conservation measures
• Provide specific knowledge-based support policy to the
European Commission
Salinity build-up
Expansion of greenhouses in
Andalusia in Spain
Pressures on
coastal areas
50-70 % of
population lives
within 60 km from
the coast
Mission Statement The mission of ROSOM is to provide local, national, and
regional soil information in the Mediterranean region. As a non-
profit entity its main goal to increase awareness and
education on soils and to coordinate, develop and support
collection of region-wide soil data and promote/conduct
research studies enabling scientists, agencies, policy and
decision makers and other stakeholders at all levels to
enhance sustainable use and management of soil resources.
Salinity build-up
Expansion of greenhouses in
Andalusia in Spain
• Provide accurate, reliable, up-to-date soil
information in the Mediterranean region
• Increase soil awareness and education throughout
the region
• Improve and harmonise methodologies and
approaches for developing region and/or basin-
specific sustainable land and water management
(SLWM) strategies
• Estimate the “real” extent of soil degradation and
desertification in the Mediterranean
• Assist in promoting indigenous technical
knowledge in ecosystem management
Why ROSOM?
ROSOM: Objectives and Goals
Brief Outline Proposal
for the establishment of
Regional Office for Sustainable Soil Management in the Mediterranean
ROSOM
Prepared by the Group of Experts
Dr. Pandi Zdruli (Chairman)
Dr. Luca Montanarella
Dr. Hedi Hamrouni
Prof. Selim Kapur
Dr. Abdul Rahim Loulou
Prof. Fawzy Abdel Kader
Mrs. Sonya Sammut
Salinity build-up
Expansion of greenhouses in
Andalusia in Spain
Pressures on
coastal areas
50-70 % of
population lives
within 60 km from
the coast
Scientific/Advisory Committee
ROSOM
Bari, Italy
Coordinator & Manager
GIS database management
specialist
Maghreb
Middle East
Balkans &
Eastern
countries
Mediterranean
EU member
states
One regional representative for each geographical area
Salinity build-up
Expansion of greenhouses in
Andalusia in Spain
Pressures on
coastal areas
50-70 % of
population lives
within 60 km from
the coast
Thank you very
much for your
kind attention !