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How battery pack evolutions create opportunities for power electronics companies
Dr. Milan ROSINA
Principal Analyst, Power Electronics & BatteriesYole Développement
2
TABLE OF CONTENT
• Yole Développement presentation
• Li-ion battery technologies, applications and market
• EV/HEV – How to differentiate?
• Supply chain reshaping and business opportunities
• Conclusion
SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
4SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
YOLE DEVELOPPEMENT– 4 DIVISIONS
Life Sciences
& Healthcare o Microfluidic
o BioMEMS
o Inkjet Printing
o Solid-State Medical Imaging & BioPhotonics
o Bio Technologies
Power
& Wireless
o RF Devices & Technology
o Compound Semiconductors & Emerging Materials
o Power Electronics
o Batteries & Energy Management
Semiconductor
& Software o Package & Assembly & Substrates
o Semiconductor Manufacturing
o Memory
o Software & Computing
Photonics,
Sensing & Display
o Solid-State Lighting & Display
o MEMS, Sensors & Actuators
o Imaging
o Photonics & Optoelectronics
Semiconductor
& Software
Power & Wireless
Photonics,
Sensing
& Display
Life
Sciences &
Healthcare
5SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
LI-ION BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS
There is a large variety of Li-ion technologies, products and applications.
LFP
LCO
NCA
NMC
LMO
LTO
Li-ion chemistries Battery pack components Battery pack design and size Applications
Non-exhaustive overview
NMC532
NMC622
NMC811
+
Mixtures
Various anode
materials,
electrolytes,
separators
Cell sizes, shape and
formats
6SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
BATTERY APPLICATIONS
Application focus of this presentation
Plug-in HEV and BEV Electric buses and trucks Stationary battery energy storage
7SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
2017 – 2023 BATTERY PACK MARKET VALUE IN $M – SPLIT PER APPLICATION
Fast growing market
EV will be the biggest segment
Annual Li-ion battery pack market value, per application
Yole DéveloppementFor more details see the Yole’s report: Li-ion Battery Packs for
Automotive and Stationary Storage Applications
EVs
9SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
HOW EV/HEV DRIVES TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS
EV/HEV needs drive
innovations in power
electronics, motors and
battery packs.
Strong need for innovation due to severely
challenging requirements
Increasing battery size
per vehicle / Increasing
motor power
+
EV/HEV = a unique combination of:
High manufacturing
volumes (units) and
growing demand and
market value
+kWh/kW
Accelerated implementation of technology
innovations
kW
10SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
EV/HEV - DIFFERENTIATING ADDED VALUE NEEDED!
EV/HEV makers increasingly struggle to maintain their product differentiation
~1,000 parts
ICE car engine
<100 parts
EV/HEV engine
Simpler design, lower
differentiating added value
Battery
Inverter /
Converters
/ Chargers
11SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
WHERE ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR POWER ELECTRONICS PLAYERS?
Battery pack components Battery pack
Ass
em
bly
Cell
BMS
Safety
components
Thermal
management
Electrical
interconnects
Housing
Battery
applications
DC/AC
inverters
DC/DC
converters
Battery
chargers
Power
electronic
devices
+
On-board
chargers
Battery pack
trends
Power electronic components can be found in
battery pack or in inverters and other devices
connected to the battery pack. The battery
pack trends will impact both types of power
components.
12SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
OPPORTUNITIES FOR POWER ELECTRONIC PLAYERS
Adaptation of power electronic cooling solutions for battery packs
Liquid-cooled chassis for electronics
cooling for aerospace applications
LYTRON
Air-fan cooling
Air-cooled chiller
Adaptation
needed
Air-cooled heat pipe
Cold plate
Pada
13SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
OPPORTUNITIES FOR POWER ELECTRONIC PLAYERS
Safety devices for battery packs
Fuse DC breaker Contactor Power semiconductor
• Hybrid solutions
• DC rated
• 800V compatible
• Lightweight & compact solutions
• Vibration resistant
14SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
POWER ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS BATTERY APPLICATIONS
Wire and ribbon bonding
Suppliers of materials,
processes and equipment
developed for power
electronics and other
industries are looking for
applications in growing Li-ion
battery industry.
Al wire for battery cells interconnections
Ribbon bonds for battery cells interconnections
Ribbons in power electronics
Al wire bonding in
Infineon power module
Power electronics, Concentrating
Photovoltaics…Battery
Al wire bonding CPV
Images courtesy: System Plus Engineering, Hesse Mechatronics, Danfoss, Concentrix Solar
15SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
FOUR APPROACHES TO INCREASE CAR DRIVING RANGE
There are 4 main approaches to increase the driving range / reduce system costs.
The final choice of one or another approach depends on the company’s strategy and positioning, and type of vehicle.
0km 1,000km
Non-exhaustive players list
1. 2. 3. 4.+ + + Driving range
Source: Yole Développement
Larger battery size (kWh) &
new battery technologiesHigher Voltage
800 V battery
High-efficiency DC/AC
and DC/DC conversion
P(loss) ~ RI2SiC-based inverter
GaN-based converter
Improved device packaging
Improved inverter topology
+ -
DC
AC
AC
motor1.
2. 3. 4.
High-efficiency and
lightweight AC motor
+gearbox
Different companies made different
motor choices (PMSM, EESM,
ASM…)
16SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
BATTERY PACK SIZE PER ELECTRIC VEHICLE
• Driving range (mileage) increases as battery size grows and efficiency improves.
• There is a clear trend towards larger battery energy capacity, driven by decreasing battery price and increasing customer demands for longer driving range.
Driving range (NEDC) as a function of battery energy capacity
Nissan LEAF
Renault Twizy
Mercedes SLS
AMG Coupé
Toyota RAV4EV
Tesla Model S
BYD E6Car-sharing
and small
city cars
Big and
luxury BEV
source: Yole Développement
Trend towards
large-size
batteries
NEDC: New European Driving Cycle More power
= more Amps
17SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
TRENDS TOWARDS HIGHER BATTERY VOLTAGE
• Today, most EV/HEV car batteries are based on a voltage level of 200 -400V.
• The battery voltage increase will also impact power electronics components and motor which have to be rated at higher voltage.
Mild Hybrid
Porsche
Taycan
Full hybrid
EREV +
BEV
Toyota Prius
PHEV
EMotion
from Fisker
1,200 V silicon-based IGBT (2018
1,200 V SiC-based transistors (near future)
650V-750V silicon-based IGBT
Concept_One
from Rimac
650V SiC MOSFETs (Tesla)
EV/HEV electric engine power as a function of battery voltage. Yole Développement
Aston Martin
RapidE
18SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
APPROACHES TO INCREASE DRIVING RANGE / REDUCE SYSTEM COSTS
What are the approaches chosen by different players?
Three main approaches exist today.
SiC technology can be an ultimate goal for all three of them.
Porsche Taycan
Tesla Model 3 inverter
Battery voltage: 400V 800V
Traction inverter: Silicon SiC
SiC
Battery voltage boost converter
Toyota Prius
?
FuturePresent
20SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
EV/HEV PLAYERS’ OPPORTUNITIES IN BATTERIES
• Amongst other power electronic companies, EV/HEV playersare strongly looking for the differentiation
• Battery makes differentiation
Business opportunity is not only in manufacturing
Developing and manufacturing new batterycells in-house?...
• Chemistry know-how
• Complex multicomponent materials andinterface phenomena in battery cells
• Large manufacturing capacity requiredwith related know-how about theprocess control
• …battery manufacturing is not car makerbusiness (some exceptions exist)
What about:
• Partnerships?
• Investment into battery companies?
21SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
2017 – 2023 BATTERY PACK DEMAND IN UNITS – SPLIT PER APPLICATION
The annual demand for battery packs will reach 6.3 MUnits by 2023.
Annual Li-ion battery pack demand per application
Yole Développement
For more details see the Yole’s report: Li-ion Battery Packs for
Automotive and Stationary Storage Applications
The demand in
units is
important for
evaluation of
market potential
for power
electronic
components.
22SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
SEMICONDUCTOR BOTTLENECK IN VIEW?
The lack of semiconductor devices for battery inverters, converters and chargers can be the future bottleneck for EV/HEVs.
Wafers
Chip
Packaging
Materials Devices
Materials
Equipment
23SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
WHAT WILL BE THE IMPACT OF GROWING EV/HEV FLEET?
Growing
EV/HEV
fleet
Fast charging
Smart charging
Growing
battery
production
6:00 12:00 18:00 Hour
EV
/HE
V d
em
an
d
Irregular peaky loads
EV/HEV charging and fast charging Need for
grid with high demand / response flexibility
PHEV
& BEV
Lower cost
=
V2G, V2H, V2X…
Smart charging
With battery energy storage
Accelerated deployment of other
battery applications
stationary battery
energy storage
2nd battery life (in
stationary energy
systems)
24SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
FOCUS ON CHARGING SOLUTION AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERS
100 kWh
400 km / 100 kWh = 1kWh for 4 km drive Daily drive: 60 km 15 kWh
~15 kWh / day
(Clean) Electricity
sources to be added !
Electricity supply, smart charging and charging efficiency are crucial !
~15 kWh / day
Every % of charging losses will further increase the energy demand
25SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
SEE BEYOND ELECTRIC CAR…
Recycling?
Power devices?
Electricity
supply?
Raw material?
26SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
SUPPLY CHAIN RESHAPING
Car makers
27SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
SUPPLY CHAIN RESHAPING
28SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
SUPPLY CHAIN RESHAPING
Electricity
supply
Battery pack
Battery cells
Inverter
Power
module
Chips
Wafer
Passives
Electric
traction
motor Gear
Integrated
solution
Charging
infrastructure
Chargers
Car makers
Non-exhaustive overview of the players involved
Energy density
Power density
Energy density
Power density
Cooling
Power density
Low losses
Thermal
management
Power density
Thermal management
Power density
Low losses
Thermal
managementCar makers
• Capacitors
• Inductors
• Resistors
Dielectric foils
30SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
CONCLUSION
• Strong and growing demand for Li-ion battery packs, driven mainly by EV/HEVmarket.
• The technology evolution in battery has impact requirements on power electroniccomponents.
• Differentiating added value needed.
• The early identification of key technology trends in battery packs and batteryapplications will give a competitive advantage for power electronics players.
• Be aware of power device bottleneck!
• EV/HEV is a hurricane moving and reshaping the whole power electronics andbattery supply chains
• Huge opportunities for power electronics players:• Battery pack components
• Devices linked to batteries (inverters, chargers…)
• Charging solutions and charging infrastructure
31SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
INFORMATION SOURCES AND CONTACT
Dr Milan ROSINA
Dr. Milan Rosina is a Principal Analyst for Energy Conversion & Emerging Materials at Yole Développement. Before joining Yole, he worked as a Research Scientist and a Project Manager in the fields of photovoltaics, microelectronics, and LED. Dr. Rosina has more than 15 years of scientific and industrial experience with prominent research institutions, an equipment maker, and a utility company. His expertise includes new equipment and process development, due diligence, technology, and market surveys in the fields of renewable energies, energy storage, batteries, power electronics, thermal management, and innovative materials and devices.
E-mail: [email protected]
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33SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
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Solid State Lighting(LED, OLED, …)
Compound Semi.
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MedTech
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Packaging
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Energy Management
Power Electronics
Displays
RF
Devices &
Techno.
Advanced
Substrates
Software
Memory
34SEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
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35©2018 | www.yole.fr | About Yole DéveloppementSEMICON Europa, November 15th, 2018 | www.yole.fr | ©2018
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