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1
THE HUNGARIAN EGG SECTOR
Dr. Györgyi Molnár – Péter Földi
Hungarian Poultry Product Board
2
The presentation….
1. Hungary in facts
2. Poultry Product Board
3. Egg production
3
Hungary in facts I.
Population: 10, 014 millionLand area: 9,303 million ha
Agricultural Land: 5,337 million haArable land: 4,322 million haCereals: 2,6 million ha (wheat, corn)
Animal husbandry:Cattle: 682 000 Pig: 3,2 millionSheep: 1,2 millionHorse: 65 000Poultry: 36 million
4
The Poultry Product Board (PPB) of Hungary – Who we are?
Non-profit, non-governmental organization, represents the
vertical poultry production-chain. It is able to operate self-
regulation and represents the industry at national and European
level as well.
Duties, responsibilities: Forum for reconciliation in the industry,
market-regulation – self regulation, advocacy, lobbying,
marketing.
Information: collecting and processing data, informing the
members about EU and domestic trends, changes of laws,
collaborate with the Ministry of Rural Development and the
authorities.
5
Structure of the PPB
Number of members in 2014: 1793 Six member associations:
536
261625
301 126
14
broilerturkeygooseducklayerfree range
6
Structure of the PPB – according to the activites
12
6143
252
36
113
1402
55
18 40 23
52Breeders with grandp.’ s stocks
Breeders with parent’ s stocks
Hatcheries
Rearing farms for fattening
Rearing farms for pullets
Table-egg producers
Fattening poultry farms
Poultry slaughterhouses
Further processors
Domestic traders
Export-import traders
Other activities (assoc. partners)
7
Egg production…..
Egg sector in Hungary
breedingGrandparent/parent stocks (hatching)
productionGrading/ packaging
• 100% - Hungarian ownership
• „own” breeding company
• 70% of day old chicks hatched In Hu
• Most of the producers have own packaging centres
as well (and partly own feed mill)
• 2 big packaging centres also integrate producers
Laying hens population01. 12. 2013.
thousand hens
Breeding stocks* 3 100
backyard, seasonal 6 200
intensive 3 800
Total 13 100
*including broiler breeders
Backyard production
- depending on the feed price: cheap cereal – more
hens/eggs
- market size is not forecastable
- the government wants to increase the ratio of the
backyard population – giving work and income to people
living on low standard
11
Capacities of the egg production farms
< 350 350-1000 1001-10000 10001–40000 40001–100000 100 001< under constr.0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
26.73
13.03
39.26
9.64
3.892.37
5.08
1.07 0.80
13.57
20.87
26.59
37.09
% of farms % of hens
591 farms 6 020 259 hens Source: NFCSO, aug. 2012. , PPB calculation
12
Proportion of the different production systems in Hungary (2012)
Capacity: 6 million, farms: 561, hens in: 3,8 million
0.66 0.52
16.99
81.83
bio-
free range
alternative
cage
Source: NFCSO, aug. 2012. , PPB calculation
0
1 000
2 000
3 000
4 000
5 000
6 000
7 000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Jérc
etel
epít
és (
ezer
db
)Placement of laying chicks in Hungary (‘000)
(2000-2013)
Source: PPB, 2013
Pla
cem
ent
of la
yin
g ch
icks
(‘0
00 h
ead
s)
Table egg production in Hungary on intensive farms(In million eggs) (2000-2013)
Source: PPB, 2013
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
1 400
1 600
1 800
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Étk
ezés
i to
jás
(mil
lió
db
) T
able
egg
(m
illio
n p
iece
s)
389
265217
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
To
jás
fog
yas
ztá
s (t
ojá
s/f
ő/é
v)
Egg consumption (egg/capita/year) (1980-2011)
Source: CSO, 2013
Egg
con
sum
pti
on (
egg/
cap
./yea
r)
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Men
nyis
ég (t
onna
)
Héjas tojás export Héjas tojás import Étkezési tojás export Étkezési tojás import
Export – Import statistics of egg (tons)(2003-2012)
Source: CSO, 2013
Export: Romania, Austria, Slovenia, Germany, LithuanaImport: Slovakia, Germany, Poland, Lithuana
Vol
um
e (t
ons)
Hungary became netto importer on table eggs
Egg in shell export Egg in shell import Table egg export Table egg import Egg in shell import
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
2010. január 2010. július 2011. január 2011. július 2012. január 2012. július 2013. január 2013. július
(%)
Takarmány (tojó I.) árának változása (%)
Étkezési tojás (M+L; dobozos+tálcás; barna héjú, ketreces) csomagolóhelyi átlagáárának változása (%)
Price change at feed and eggs(January 2010 = 100%)
Source: Szöllösi, based on AKI PaIR and PPB data
Change at feed price (%)
Change at egg (M+L, cage system) (%)
Effects of the accession to the EU- I.
Closed, protected market became opened
Even small surplus of the main egg producer countries
can cause problems on the small Hungarian market
(3-4 million poor people take only the price into
account )
Price politics of the commercial chains is based on
small size and mixed (S+M, S+L) packed eggs
Administrative market intervention of the EU (Cage ban) causing price cycles
But: low price remains longer than the high price in case of lack of eggs
Amount of the Hungarian import depends on the price (in Euros) but on the exchange rate of the HUF as well
Threats of importing from third countries
Effects of the accession to the EU- III.
Consequence of the accession to the EU
Hen population decreases
Number of producers decreases
Lost self sufficiency in eggs
Only those producers have profit, who have import
activities as well
Price pressure
Bigger warehouse stocks from time to time
Storm clouds….
Clouds above the egg industry
No economic reserve any more No resource for development Competitiveness decreases VAT is 27% Black-market is relative big Dominance of chain stores (actions of the NGO-s, animal welfare politics in the
EU) Import pressure Low egg consumption
Investment demand in the whole poultry industry, 2014-2020
Production Million Eur Billion FT Developement goals
Broiler- 483 145Modernisation and building new stalls, development of technologies
Turkey- 183 55Development in the supply chain, product development
Goose- 117 35 Breeding, technology
Duck- 167 50 Technology
Table egg 100 30
Increasing of hen population (targeting self sufficiency) Stall and technology development (partly in production and in packaging centre),
Total 1050 315
The way to reach our targets
Investment program – with subsidy
Strong collaboration with the government
Opening to the chain store – discussions
Special agricultural credit with low (subsidised) interest
Marketing programs (to increase egg consumption)
Decrease the VAT
Initiate to change regulation(s)
Trademark on the poultry meat….
26
…and on the eggs!
Possible results
10-12 thousands extra working places (periodically and continually)
Better product quality Loyalty to the „logo-products” Higher consumption Higher self sufficiency rate (more export) More tax to the government Smaller black-market Stable production level (hens and eggs) Stable market
-
29