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THERMAL IMAGINGcurrent and future application
Dr Giorgio CatenaCatena & Thermography
Arboricultural Association44th National Amenity Arboriculture Conference
University of Manchester12-15 September 2010
• 1990 Eur. J. For. Path., 20, 201-210
• 2003 Arb. J., Vol. 27, 1, pp. 27-42
• 2004 AA Newsletter, 126, pp. 24-5
• 2008 Arb. J., Vol. 30, 4, 259-270
• 2005 TEP Seminars – Richmond Park and Fountains Abbey
• BINDT www.bindt.org
• ASNT www.asnt.org
www.treethermography.it
What is Thermography?• A system that measures the IR radiation of a given
body and produces its thermal map
• Non military applications date back to the 1960s and range from Biology to engineering, fromHuman and Veterinary Medicine to the building industry
• My assistant Lanfranco Palla and I introducedThermography in tree assessment in 1984
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1) When do we use Th?• Thermography is used every time experience,
research or reasonable hypotheses suggest that an abnormal temperature is indicative of atypical or dangerous situations in the body under investigation:– algal blooms in water bodies, – detection of SARS patients in airports, – heat loss in buildings, – non destructive testing (NDT), – tree assessment, etc.
www.treethermography.it
2) Why do we use Th?It is now well known that a target with no malfunctioning, defects or internal decay and/or cavities (in trees) has a uniform surface temperature distribution.
This is due to the different thermal properties of the damaged and sound areas.
In the case of trees, this difference mainly depends on the liquid content of the two areas.
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Thermal cameras sense the IR radiation emitted by the target and reproduce it on a TI, an actual “thermal map”, where every temperature corresponds to a precise nuance of gray or colour.
TIs are evaluated on the spot, in real time without the need for any Software. TIs are helpful to the Arborist but cannot replace his/her skills.
If the surface temperature distribution is uniform, no decay/cavity is present in the tree. The decayed area has a lower temperature than the surrounding sound one.
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Healthy trees
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A) CURRENT APPLICATIONB) FUTURE APPLICATION
• The measuring apparatus and techniques are the same.• The technique is irreplaceable to monitor the evolution
of phenomena over time.
DIFFERENCES• A) Mainly concerns the detection of decay/cavity • B) Concerns Tree Physiology and shows situations that
require further research
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CURRENT APPLICATION
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FUTURE APPLICATION
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1987
20032002
1999
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Celtis australis – HackberryItaly, Bologna. City street lined with trees, the trees were in good vegetative condition, according to the Client’s visual assessment, only a few showed fruiting bodies. The sudden crash of a whole tree revealed root decay. Th revealed that some trees had root damage. The Client used the Resi to check the results and confirmed that the trees indicated by Th had damaged roots. An interesting situation emerged when the trees were felled.(better described in Papers, 12, English Version)
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