DR EBTISSAM AL-MADI Consumer Informatics, nursing informatics,
public health informatics
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Consumer health informatics Consumer health informatics is the
branch of medical informatics that analyses consumers' needs for
information; studies and implements methods of making information
accessible to consumers; and models and integrates consumers'
preferences into medical information systems.
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Scope of Consumer Health Informatics Analyzing and modeling
consumer preferences, information needs, and information use;
Exploring ways informatics can optimize the healthcare partnership
of provider and patient Developing and evaluating methods and
applications to support consumers in obtaining and using health
information; Developing and evaluating methods and applications to
integrate consumer needs and preferences into information
management systems in clinical practice, education, and research;
Developing technology and software to educate and empower consumer
and to allow patients participate in healthcare decisions.
Identifying factors that the affect the use of technology in the
provider- client relationship. Studying the effects of these
systems on public health, the patient- professional relationship,
and society. Evaluating the effectiveness of health care
informatics in patient outcomes.
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Benefits of Consumer HI Health providers have better way to
communicate with patients and involve them in their treatments.
Patients get a better understanding of their conditions with the
help of their physicians during consultations. Patients are more
involved in making decisions regarding their health and have a
better understanding of treatment options, risks, and
benefits.
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CHI applications Any electronic tool, technology, or system
that is: primarily designed to interact with health information
users or consumers (anyone who seeks or uses health care
information for nonprofessional work) Interacts directly with the
consumer who provides personal health information to the CHI system
and receives personalized health information from the tool
application or system the data, information, recommendations or
other benefits provided to the consumer, may be used with a
healthcare professional, but is not dependent on a healthcare
professional.
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Potential categories of CHI tools/technologies/applications
Applications and technologies that facilitate
knowing/tracking/understanding clinical parameters (disease
management) Applications and technologies that facilitate
knowing/tracking/understanding observations of daily living (ODLs)
Applications and technologies that facilitate calendaring
(lifestyle management assistance) Applications and technologies
that facilitate prevention and health promotion Applications and
technologies that facilitate self-care Applications and
technologies that facilitate assisted care and caregiving.
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Personal Health Records General Health sites:
http://www.webmd.com/ Semi personalized: http://symptoms.webmd.c
om/ Personal Health Records: Online, web-based
http://www.myphr.com/ PDA, or Phone applications
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Examples Internet-delivered computerassisted health education
program for diet, nutrition and exercise More effective than non
computer based web-based computer-tailored smoking cessation
program more effective than a control of web-based non-tailored
materials. Web-based, multi-component, interactive self-help
intervention for problem drinkers without therapist guidance
Reduced consumption than brochure readers Asthma computer
interactive games application: An internet based interactive asthma
program, monitoring peak expiratory flows with an asthma diary.
Improved care with patients. Computer messages and alerts for
cancer patients: Increased satisfaction and care for follow up
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Public Health Informatics
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Public Health Informatics has been defined as the systematic
application of information and computer science and technology to
public health practice, research, and learning. It focuses on:
Populations (versus the individual) Orientation to prevention
(rather than diagnosis and treatment) Governmental Context
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What is public Health? Assessment: Monitoring and tracking the
health status of populations including identifying and controlling
disease outbreaks and epidemics. Policy development: Utilization of
the results of assessment activities and etiologic research in
concert with local values and culture to recommend interventions
and public policies that improve health status. Assurance:
Assurance that public health agencies services are provided to
achieve the goals agreed upon.
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Public Health Informatics Registries of conditions: Gather data
and statistics. Databases of diseases: Cross-tabulate, study
trends, look for patterns. Aggregation or wide-spread surveys:
Study incidence or prevalence of trends
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Examples WHO pandemic diseased registries Immunization
registries. Cancer Registries HIV/AIDS registries Many articles of
spread of disease
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Challenges in Public HI Interdisciplinary communications
Organization and collaboration issues Funding and sustainability
System design Standards Measuring progress
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Nursing Informatics
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Nursing Informatics, a term coined to describe the integration
of nursing science with information and computer science, has
developed into a mandatory focus for all registered nurses on a
global scale. It has evolved from the need to ensure that nurses
have the necessary informatics competencies (knowledge, skills,
attitudes and decision making) to effectively meet their
responsibilities and standards for nursing practice.